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Biomedical subjects

M Winter

Publications and source records attributed to M Winter.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Prostacyclin formation around human abdominal aortic ostia.

Earlier studies have demonstrated an age dependent effect in the extent of sudanophilic and atherosclerotic lesions around aortic ostia in men. As prostacyclin may be a key determinant in the development of atherosclerosis we examined its formation around abdominal aortic ostia (coeliac, superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric arteries) in-vitro. Prostacyclin formation was higher distal to the orifice as compared to proximal areas, but without reaching the level of significance. Prostacyclin formation was always higher in females than in males and in nonsmokers than in smokers, showing the greatest difference distal to the ostium, but again without significance. From the limited number of vessels examined, no trend for an age dependency can be noted. The relation between prostacyclin generation and morphological data is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

HTLV-III antibody and T-cell subset ratios in haemophiliacs and their spouses.

44% of 63 British patients with either haemophilia A or B were HTLV-III antibody positive (HTLV-VIII+). HTLV-III+ was more frequent in high factor VIII concentrate users and 75% of severely affected haemophilia A patients were HTLV-III+. All eight patients who were exposed to factor IX concentrate were HTLV-III-. 17 haemophilia A patients who received only British made factor VIII concentrate (average 12,000 units/year) were HTLV-III-. Two of 63 patients had evidence of a pre-AIDS type symptom complex and both were HTLV-III+. Information from a cohort of 21 Liverpool haemophiliacs suggests that HTLV-III was first introduced into this country in 1981. OKT4/T8 ratios were abnormal in 52% of 21 patients studied but this finding was not confined to either HTLV-III+ or HTLV-III- individuals. The spouses of 14 HTLV-III+ haemophiliacs were all HTLV-III-.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Indications for antirefluxplasty in childhood].

By own experiences on 336 children, 212 of whom were operated on, and a critical review of the relevant literature, the indication to the antireflux plastic in childhood is derived. It is tried to establish certain principles which shall facilitate the treatment. It is referred to the extraordinarily complex character of the diagnosis and the individual techniques are valuated.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Effects of high and low dosage of haloperidol on the brain in relation to schizophrenic thought disorder.

The drug difference between a low and a high dosage of haloperidol was investigated in 40 acutely ill schizophrenic patients. All patients were classified as being thought disordered or non-thought disordered schizophrenic using psychometric methods. From the pool of 40 patients two groups were randomly chosen for the double-blind study, one group receiving 80 mg of liquid haloperidol daily, the other group 16 mg of liquid haloperidol daily. On 5 days during the 21-day treatment the psychopathological state of the patient was evaluated by means of the AMDP system.

Hallucinations↗
PubMed1984

Impaired vessel wall response to venous occlusion in patients with chronic renal failure on maintenance hemodialysis.

We have studied vessel wall function in two groups of patients with chronic renal failure - 1) conservative treatment only and 2) maintenance hemodialysis. Three proteins synthesized by vascular endothelium-plasminogen activator (PA), factor VIII related antigen (VIII:RAg) and antithrombin III (ATIII) - were assayed before and after a fifteen minute period of venous occlusion. The release of PA was significantly reduced in patients on maintenance hemodialysis as compared to both undialyzed uremics and controls. Lesser amounts of VIII:RAg were also released by hemodialysis patients than by undialyzed uremics. These defects, which are suggestive of vessel wall dysfunction on maintenance hemodialysis, may contribute to the high incidence of arteriopathy and thrombotic disease observed in this group of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Synthesis of thromboxane B2 in uraemia and the effects of dialysis.

The generation of thromboxane B2 (TxB2) from its natural precursor, arachidonic acid, was studied in vitro in order to assess further the prostaglandin pathway in the platelets of patients with chronic renal failure. Some, but not all patients with conservatively treated uraemia synthesised significantly less TxB2 then controls and the same patients were also hypo-aggregable to arachidonic acid. The synthesis of TxB2 appeared normal in a group of patients on chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). In contrast, a group of patients on long-term maintenance haemodialysis produced significantly greater amounts of TxB2 and were hyper-aggregable to arachidonic acid, a finding which may be relevant to the high incidence of atherosclerosis and vascular disease in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Factor XI deficiency and a platelet defect.

A patient with a lifelong bleeding tendency of moderate severity was found to have both factor XI deficiency and a long bleeding time. There was a significant deficiency of platelet factor 3, but other parameters of platelet function were normal. Infusion studies showed that both fresh plasma and platelet concentrate were required for complete correction of the haemostatic abnormalities, suggesting that these two defects were inherited coincidentally.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Malnutrition and postoperative complication rate in cancer patients (author's transl)].

The nutritional status and skin reactivity of 82 cancer patients were determined before surgery and compared with the postoperative complication rate. The nutritional status of 47 patients was evaluated by weight, height, weight-loss, arm muscle circumference, triceps skin-fold measurements, serum albumin, pre-albumin, retinolbinding protein, tranferrin, and cholinesterase. In 35 patients protein catabolism was assessed by the urea production rate (catabolism greater than 15 g/d). Immunity was assessed by the total lymphocyte count and a skin reactivity test. Using these criteria, 55% of the patients were malnourished. Curative operations could only be carried out in 17.4% of the malnourished, but in 50% of the normally nourished patients (P less than 0.0001). Postoperative complications were increased in malnourished patients (47%) when compared with normally nourished patients (20%, P less than 0.05). In anergic and malnourished cancer patients no curative surgical treatment was possible. Due to the increased postoperative complication rate in malnourished cancer patients, nutritional assessment, including the determination of cellular immunity should be performed after admission.

Body Height↗
PubMed1982

Steroid control of gonadotrophin secretion in the orchidectomized dog.

The effects of s.c. administration of oil, testosterone, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone, 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol and oestradiol-17 beta on plasma concentrations of LH and FSH were determined in 5 orchidectomized dogs. The dosages for the androgens and oestradiol-17 beta were 500 and 50 micrograms/kg body weight, respectively. Testosterone and oestradiol-17 beta significantly reduced plasma gonadotrophin concentrations, although the onset and duration of their suppressive effects differed. Dihydrotestosterone and oil had no effect on either gonadotrophin. Administration of androstanediol had no effect on plasma concentrations of LH but did cause a temporary and significant reduction in FSH. It is concluded that testosterone and oestradiol-17 beta are major regulators of gonadotrophin secretion in the male dog, but the 5 alpha-reduction of testosterone seems to play only a minor role in this control.

Androstenediol↗
PubMed1981

[The value of intraoperative arteriography in detecting complications of vascular surgery in the femoro-popliteal and crural region (author's transl)].

The intraoperative angiography was employed in 307 vascular reconstructive procedures (thrombendarterectomies (TEA) n = 107 = 34.8%; Veinbypass (VBP) n = 145 = 47.2%; fabric grafts (KBP) n = 44 = 14.4%) within the femoro-popliteal and crural region. 11.7% unsuspected technical errors were detected (TEA 18.6%, VBP 8.2%; KBP:6.8%) by angiography and successfully revised prior to wound closure. Errors were most common after thrombendarterectomies followed by VBP and KBP. Revisions after immediate failures were performed successfully in 7.4% (TEA : 8.4%, VBP: 5.5%, KBP: 6.8%). Lesions on X-ray of questionable significance were accepted in 6.8%, and followed by 4 immediate occlusions (1.7%). In 3.6% of the angiogramms the film was not satisfactorily exposed from the technical point of view. We think intraoperative angiography is a valuable adjunct in peripheral vascular surgery helping to detect and correct technical errors.

Angiography↗
PubMed1981

Comparative histocompatibility testing of seven calcium phosphate ceramics.

Five hydroxyapatite and two tricalcium phosphate ceramics were implanted in rat femora for one to six months. They were compared with each other in regard to biocompatibility and bone induction. After one month bone had grown directly on to the surface of all implants. After six months the on-growth of bone had increased with the exception of two dense HA materials. In these materials some bio-degradation had occurred with subsequent formation of a wide macrophage interlayer. Bio-degradation and biocompatibility of calcium phosphate ceramics seem to depend not only on density but also on other factors. Induction of bone could not be observed in soft tissue environment.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Is the variation in the susceptibility of various species to atherosclerosis due to inborn differences in prostacyclin (PGI2) formation.

Species exhibiting a higher susceptibility to the development of atherosclerosis have a reduced prostacyclin (PGI2)-generation in the arterial wall, which differs in various parts of the vascular system. As the difference in PGI2-formation in various diseases is a generalized vascular effect, the changes can be detected in all vessels. This is a very important point for diagnostic purposes in humans.

Age Factors↗