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Biomedical subjects

M Wimmer

Publications and source records attributed to M Wimmer.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Hyperaldosteronism after heart surgery in children. Part I: Treatment with aldosterone antagonists.

The course of postoperative hyperaldosteronism and its effect on fluid and electrolyte metabolism were studied in children undergoing open and closed heart surgery. Serum sodium was transiently depressed and red cell sodium concentration remained unchanged. Serum and red cell potassium concentrations were low. Hematocrit did not change significantly during the postoperative period ruling out overhydration. Therefore, the electrolyte changes are interpreted to indicate body potassium loss. That hyperaldosteronism caused potassium loss is suggested by an inverse relationship between plasma aldosterone and red cell potassium concentration. No significant differences were observed between patients undergoing open and those undergoing closed heart surgery. An additional, alternately selected group of patients undergoing open heart surgery was treated with aldosterone antagonists beginning 48 hours before surgery. Treatment did not change the course or extent of hyperaldosteronism. Specifically, potassium loss was not diminished and there was no difference in urine volume postoperatively. We conclude that aldosterone antagonists in the dosage used had no effect on the course of postoperative hyperaldosteronism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[The operated ASDI (author's transl)].

The postoperative course of 37 children with atrial septal defect primum type with or without a cleft in the septal mitral or tricuspid valve, is traced. The mortality rate, the number of postoperative rhythmic disorders and the success of functional restitution of the mitral valve are emphasized. The number of patients between 1962-1979 was 37. The age was between 3 years and 5 month and 14 years and 9 month. As a parameter of success or failure of the operation the pre- and postoperative symptoms, the ECG and PCG, the X-ray of the chest and the postoperative echocardiogram were considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Do enzyme activities vary along muscle fibres?

Distribution of succinate dehydrogenase activity along muscle fibres has been studied qualitatively by histochemistry on single micro-dissected rat muscle fibres and quantitatively by comparative kinetic microphotometry on longitudinal muscle sections. Qualitative staining reactions showed no appreciable variations in enzyme activity along the fibres regardless of fibre type. By quantitative assessment, minor variations were found along fibres but were within the range of the experimental error. These variations are of the same magnitude as those observed in enzyme activities of pieces of the same fibre by means of quantitative microchemical methods, performed in our laboratory (Spamer and Pette 1979; Nemeth et al. 1980a, b). Our results provide evidence that the enzyme levels are the same along the course of a muscle fibre.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Romano Ward syndrome].

About syncopal attacks caused by cardial arrhythmias had been frequently reported. In one family we found female members of three generations affected by characteristical prolongation and alteration of the QT-interval in ECG. All patients suffered from attacks with loss of consciousness which could not be defined as epileptic fits. Ventricular arrhythmias have to be considered as reason for the attacks. This combination of symptoms without additional malformations (i.e. congenital deafness) is well known in literature as Romano Ward Syndrome. Mode of inheritance, pathogenetic mechanisms and possibilities of therapy are discussed. Therapy witha beta blocking medication (propranolol) made our younger patient free of attacks, the other two patients have no complaints since two years without any therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Noonan syndrome in the differential diagnosis of Turner syndrome].

In children with growth retardation and the typical face, particularly with valvar pulmonary stenosis, the Noonan syndrome is the be suspected. In early infancy, these patients show very severe developmental retardation and muscular hypotony. Mental retardation is frequent but not compulsory. The most important diagnostic tool is the chromosomal analysis. In our patient, the syndrome was diagnosed becaused of the typical appearance and the angiocardiographic findings in connection with a normal chromosomal sequence.

Child↗
PubMed1979

[Mechanisms common to the development of malformation in congenital and sporadic forms of atrial septal defect (type II) (author's transl)].

Familial prevalence of some congenital cardiopathies leads to the conclusion that genetic factors might be involved. The case histories are presented of three families with atrial septal defect, Type II (ASD II) in which autosomal dominant inheritance was assumed on account of the pedigree analysis. Each family member was examined serologically, morphologically and morphometrically. One family was also tested for cytogenetic abnormalities. It is highly probable that the gene responsible for the defect is linked to the HLA system (Lod score = + 3.612) and is, therefore, located on the short arm of chromosome 6. The morphological examinations demonstrated uniformity of individual ear traits in related patients; moreover, the palmar dermatoglyphics showed a tendency to shortening of main line C, to ulnar and distal shifting of the carpal triradius and to an increase in hypothenar patterns. In addition a study was carried out of patients with apparently sporadic cardiopathy. A similar trend as to palmar configuration was observed. An attempt was made to connect known factors causing malformations with the results of this investigations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Microphotometric determination of enzyme activities in cryostat sections by the gel film technique.

Use of the gel film technique in microphotometric determinations of enzyme activity is described. The microscope photometer is computer-controlled. It is programmed to deal with repetitive measurements at up to 12 selected positions within a tissue section and to evaluate recorded reaction rates statistically. Films of polyacrylamide gel with entrapped glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase are used as a model to demonstrate the correlation between local enzyme activity and the microphotometrically determined reaction rate. Enzyme activities at different positions in the same tissue section are determined and compared. Activity profiles of five enzymes (glutamate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, NAD-dependent tetrazolium reductase) in the liver are presented and show non-uniform intra-acinar distribution patterns. These results are interpreted in the light of the metabolic zonation of the hepatic acinus. Further applications of the method are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Principle and method of kinetic microphotometric enzyme activity determination in situ.

An advanced apparative set-up is described for multipositional microphotometric recording of histochemical enzyme reactions in cryostat sections. It consists of a computer controlled microscope photometer with scanning stage. Measurements on the same tissue section may be performed at 12 preselected positions. These are repeatedly brought into the measuring beam in several measuring cycles. The complete measuring process, storage of measuring position coordinates, movements of the stage and statistical evaluation of the data is under computer control. By use of the gel film technique, extinction changes in tetrazolium coupled enzyme reactions can be measured continuously at initial rate conditions. Measurements are performed at identical conditions and can thus be analysed as relative enzyme activities.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Kinetic microphotometric activity determination in enzyme containing gels and model studies with tissue sections.

The dependence of microphotometrically recorded reaction rate on local enzyme concentration was studied as a basic prerequisite of comparative microphotometric enzyme activity determinations at initial rate conditions in tissue sections. Polyacrylamide gels containing defined concentrations of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase served as a model. Optimal conditions of preparing enzyme containing gels are reported. Measurements in which either thickness of gel sections or enzyme concentration was varied proved the linear relationship between local enzyme concentration and microphotometrically recorded reaction rate. Sections of enzyme containing gels as well as cross-sections of rat muscles were used as models for studying possible influences of heterogeneous chromophore distribution (distributional error). No such influences could be detected during the initial phase of the staining reaction which suggests that distributional error is of no significance for kinetic microphotometric enzyme activity determination at initial rate conditions.

Acrylamides↗
PubMed1979

Microphotometric studies on intraacinar enzyme distribution in rat liver.

Intraacinar distribution of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), glutamate dehydrogenase (GluDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and NADH-tetrazolium dehydrogenase (TR) was studied in rat liver cryostat sections by multipositional microphotometric activity determinations. By statistical evaluation, activity of individual enzymes could be related to the acinar topography. Activity was evaluated with regard to distance of measuring position either from afferent (portal) or efferent (hepatic) vessels. Two independent distribution curves were obtained for each enzyme. Acinar distribution of all the enzymes studied followed sigmoid courses with maximal activity of SDH, MDH and LDH in zone 1 ("periportal") and GluDH, IDH, TR in zone 3 ("pericentral"). For all enzymes, maximum activity gradients were confined to zone 2 of the acinus. Data were also evaluated as ratios of activities in zone 1 and zone 3. The following ratios zone 1/zone 3 were obtained: SDH = 1.9, MDH = 1.7, IDH = 0.5, GluDH = 0.5, LDH = 1.3 and TR = 0.6.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Tracheal compression by the innominate artery (author's transl)].

A five week old male infant is treated under suspicion of whooping cough because of pertussis like cough, cyanosis, and attacks of reflex apnea. These attacks are seen up to 40 times per day. After exclusion of a cerebral genesis there was found a ventral indentation of the trachea. It was also seen by tracheoscopy, but this part of the trachea was not pulsating. In the angiography the compriming structure was identified as the innominate artery. The genesis of this anatomic variant, the often threatening symptoms in this case without inspiratoric stridor, and the diagnostic and therapeutic steps are discussed.

Brachiocephalic Trunk↗
PubMed1979

[The effect of aldosterone antagonists in juvenile heart surgery].

In children with congenital heart disease duration and extent of hyperaldosteronism and the influence of spironolactone after surgery with a heart-lung-machine, were evaluated by direct measurement of plasma aldosterone levels. Secondary hyperaldosteronism as seen in 11 patients without spironolactone-therapy after surgery did not persist very long. 14 children receiving spironolactone immediately after surgery showed an onset of drug efficacy at a period when plasma aldosterone in the group without spironolactone had begun to fall. As a practical consequence, spironolactone treatment should be initiated a few days prior to surgery in order to achieve full efficacy on the day of surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Fatal complications after pacemaker implantation in a baby.

In a three day-old infant with congenital heart block a pacemaker had to be inserted. Prolonged intravenous pacing led to septicaemia with fatal thrombotic complications. The potential spread of infection along the electrodes, and the danger of the presence of an intracardiac foreign body, suggest that myocardial electrodes may be superior in small infants.

Electrodes, Implanted↗
PubMed1979

[Experiences with aldactone in pediatric cardiology (author's transl)].

In Pediatric Cardiology for many years the usage of spironolactone (Aldactone) and Canreonat-K+ (Aldactone pro injectione) had been experienced. The efficiency of aldactone was controlled by clinical parameters, electrolytes, discontinuity of the drug and in some cases by radioimmunologic measurement of the plasma aldosterone concentration. The treatment with aldactone in combination with digitalis gave good clinical results in cases with and without signs of secondary hyperaldosteronism. The recommended dosage i. v. and orally was for infancy 2--3 mg/kg/die the first 2--4 days and afterwards 1,5--2 mg/kg/die, for later childhood 4--5 mg/kg/die for 3--5 days and afterwards 2--3 mg/kg/die. Special attention should be paid to hyperkaliemia, over 6 mval serum K+ the aldactone administration was interrupted.

Child↗
PubMed1979

[Left ventricular aneurysm in an eight-year-old girl (author's transl)].

A female patient with a heart murmur typical for mitral insufficiency that was first heard, when she was 17 months old, is reported. In the ECG flattened T-waves in the left praecordial leads are seen. Because of a typical x-ray seven years later the diagnosis of leftventricular aneurysm was suspected, guaranteed by angiocardiography and because of repeated supraventricular tachycardias the congenital aneurysm was operated. A differentiation between congenital diverticulum and congenital aneurysm is established, the clinical symptoms of this malformation and the therapeutic consequences are discussed.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1978

[Oculoauriculovertebral dysplasia (author's transl)].

A case of okulo-aurikulo-vertebral syndrome in a three year old girl is described. The similarities between the maxillary arch syndromes are emphasized on the one hand and on the other the relatively frequent occurrence of congenital unilateral facil palsy with congenital cardiac defects is outlined. Aetiological hypotheses are discussed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1977

[Serum concentrations of proteinase inhibitors, complement components and of acid alpha-1-glucoprotein in children with myocarditis (author's transl)].

We examined 4 panels of children and 40 control patients for their serum levels of the complement components C3, C4 and the C3 activator, the proteaseinhibitors alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-2-macroglobulin and acid alpha-1-glycoprotein. Children of the group with active myocarditis revealed the consumption of the complement system, increased protease inhibitors and elevated acid alpha-1-glycoprotein. Group 2, children with the clinical diagnosis chronic myocarditis or status post myocarditis showed in six of seven cases low complement levels and elevated alsGP. 4 children showed increased A1AT and five increased A2MG. In the third panel: status post myocarditis, we estimated in five of eight patients complement activation, 4 children showed increased A2MG and alsGP and in 3 cases elevated A1AT levels were detected. Group 4 children revealed no complement consumption and showed no increased levels for the other proteins estimated, with the only exception of 1 case with increased alsGP. The children of the control group showed normal levels for the six proteins. By means of the examinations an inflammatory process can be detected, tissue injury can be indicated and the participation of the immune system can be shown.

Adolescent↗