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Biomedical subjects

M Westgren

Publications and source records attributed to M Westgren.

137 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Intrapartum electronic fetal monitoring in low-risk pregnancies.

The value of fetal monitoring in low-risk pregnancies was evaluated in 4278 deliveries, 85% of all low-risk patients delivered in 1977 and 1978 at the University Hospital of Lund. An irreproachable tracing was recorded in less than half the cases. Fetal heart rate changes demanding scalp pH measurements or operative intervention for fetal distress occurred in about 10% of all deliveries. In only 30 patients (0.7%) was cesarean section performed for fetal distress. No intrapartal deaths occurred. The perinatal mortality (antenatal deaths excluded) was 0.14%. Only 3 of 1000 newborns had an Apgar score less than 7 at 5 minutes. The reported negative implications of routine fetal monitoring, such as overdiagnosis of fetal distress, cannot be verified in this study when electronic fetal monitoring and pH measurements are combined. The excellent fetal outcome suggests benefits from routine electronic fetal monitoring even in low-risk pregnancies.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1978

Long-term follow-up of preterm infants in breech presentation delivered by caesarean section. A prospective study.

All forty-two breech infants delivered by caesarean section before the 37th gestational week since Jan. 1, 1975, were followed up prospectively. Outcome in this group was compared with that for all forty-eight breech infants delivered vaginally in 1971-74, before the introduction of routine caesarean section. Delivery by caesarean section significantly reduced the frequency of severe prolonged asphyxia, and neonatal mortality was reduced from 14.6% to 4.8%. At 12 months of age 24% of those delivered vaginally had developmental or neurological abnormalities compared with 2.5% of those delivered by caesarean section.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1977

[Breech delivery].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Birth Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mixed lymphocyte culture of human fetal liver cells.

OBJECTIVE: In order to study the immunological function of the human fetus in the first and second trimesters, mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) of fetal liver and thymic cells was performed. MLC is a functional test to determine human lymphocyte antigen-D incompatibilities. METHODS: Human fetal liver and thymic tissue was obtained from abortions in gestational weeks 7-17.5. Forty-seven fetuses were studied with one-way MLC. The cells were stimulated by adding irradiated fetal liver cells, adult bone marrow and peripheral blood lymphocytes. The activity was measured as DNA incorporation of radiolabeled thymidine. RESULTS: The results indicate that the human fetus is competent to react as early as 11-12 weeks of gestation and in some cases even earlier. In very immature fetal livers (< 8 weeks), the MLC seems to be inhibited. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that the human fetus can react against foreign transplantation antigens earlier than previous papers have claimed. The onset of reactivity seems to differ considerably among fetuses. The present findings may explain some of the limited success of in utero transplantations of hematopoietic stem cells in human fetuses of normal immunological status.

Fetus↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recombinant parvovirus B19 empty capsids inhibit fetal hematopoietic colony formation in vitro.

Erythroid lineage cells are target cells for human parvovirus B19, and a natural infection often results in transient anemia. To determine whether recombinant B19 capsid proteins (VP1/VP2) also inhibit human hematopoietic progenitor growth, a model system was set up. The B19 capsids were inoculated into primary cultures of hematopoietic stem cells derived from human fetal liver, resulting in a 70-95% reduction of BFU-E (burst-forming unit erythroid cells) as compared with the medium control. A similar effect was seen in human hematopoietic stem cell cultures derived from cord blood and adult bone marrow. Preincubation of the B19 capsids with either a monoclonal antibody to the virus or with B19 IgG positive human sera reduced the inhibitory effect. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect could be reduced by preincubating the target cells with a monoclonal antibody to the cellular receptor for the virus, the P antigen. These findings thus show that the inhibition of colony formation of human hematopoietic stem cells can occur in the absence of parvovirus B19 nonstructural proteins. We speculate that B19 capsid could provide a possible strategy to downregulate indigenous hematopoiesis in fetal stem cell transplantations.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Screening of fetal stem cells for infection and cytogenetic abnormalities.

Fetal stem cell transplantation may rely on material from therapeutic abortions. It is essential that the stem cell transplant does not transmit any microorganisms that may affect the fetus and that genetically abnormal cells are avoided. To evaluate such contamination, human fetal stem cells collected February 1992 - December 1993 were analyzed for bacterial and fungal growth, and the placentas were karyotyped. Four samples of 70 were positive for different pathogens. Serological screening of 43 women during this period resulted in five seroconversions and revealed one carrier of anti-HCV. Karyotyping revealed two abnormal findings out of 72 samples. Thus, the concept of using material from therapeutic abortions is safe.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytokine stimulation of human fetal hematopoietic cells.

The effects of interleukins 3 and 6, stem cell factor, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on human fetal hematopoietic, bone marrow, and cord blood cells were studied on the basis of the colony-forming capacity. Fetal hematopoietic cells from 28 elective abortions, three bone marrow samples, and three cord blond samples were incubated with cytokines and investigated for the presence of BFU-E (burst-forming units--erythroid), CFU-GM (colony-forming units--granulocytes, macrophages), and CFU-GEMM (colony-forming units--granulocytes, erythrocytes, macrophages, megakaryocytes). Single and combined cytokines and preincubation versus adding cytokines in culture were investigated. Interleukin-6 alone had the most pronounced effect on BFU-E formation. All four cytokines in combination yielded the highest scores for CFU-GM (p < 0.05) and CFU-GEMM (p < 0.05), whereas BFU-E was not enhanced. The mode of cytokine exposure was not a determinant of colony formation.

Bone Marrow Cells↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Colony formation of human fetal CD34+ hematopoietic cells.

Manipulations to enhance engraftment of donated cells may be advantageous in transplantation of fetal hematopoietic cells (FHC). By assessing the formation of colonies, CD34+ enrichment was evaluated with and without cytokine stimulation (interleukins 3 and 6, stem cell factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor). Cord blood cells and bone marrow cells served as controls. In FHC, cytokine stimulation and CD34+ enrichment always enhanced the formation of CFU-GM (colony-forming units--granulocytes, macrophages) and CFU-GEMM (colony-forming units-granulocytes, erythroid cells, macrophages, megakaryocytes). However, BFU-E (burst-forming units--erythroid cells) in FHC remained unchanged after cytokine stimulation and CD34+ enrichment. In FHC, the addition of cytokines and the enrichment of CD34+ cells usually contributed equally to enhance CFU-GM and CFU-GEMM colony formation. CD34-negative FHC produced the same number or more BFU-E and half the number of CFU-GM and CFU-GEMM as compared with crude cells. This CD34-negative cell population also responded to cytokine stimulation. Such findings may indicate that purification of CD34+ cells is not meaningful in fetal transplantation.

Antigens, CD34↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Face presentation in modern obstetrics--a study with special reference to fetal long term morbidity.

Thirty-one cases of face presentation were analyzed with regard to obstetric management and long-term outcome. Vaginal delivery occurred in 14 of 15 mentum anterior face presentations whereas only one of 16 patients with a mentum transverse of mentum posterior face presentation were delivered vaginally. Face presentation was associated with an increased incidence of variable decelerations. At follow-up (2-12 years) one infant had a neurological sequelae which could be associated to the delivery in face presentation. The implication of these findings for the management of face presentations is discussed.

Apgar Score↗