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Biomedical subjects

M Werner

Publications and source records attributed to M Werner.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Transplantation antigen specific rosette test and its inhibition with autologous serum--a new immunologic method for predicting rejection crisis following allogeneic organ transplantation].

A combination of transplantation-antigen-specific rosette test with inhibition of rosette formation, using autologous serum, was used in postoperative follow-up checks on patients who had undergone allogeneic kidney transplantation and proved successful in early diagnosis or prediction of rejection episodes even before clinical manifestation. The numbers of antigen-detecting and antigen-binding cells differed considerably from each other, depending on patients who had undergone kidney transplantation. Almost complete inhibition of antigen detection was generally achieved by addition of patient serum. If sensitization to alloantigen in excess of the limit value (30 RBZ/10(3) KHZ) is accompanied by rosette formation with autologous serum addition in excess of about 18 RBZ/10(3) KHZ, clinically relevant rejection can be expected to occur after another two or three days and will have to be treated by immunosuppressives. Such partial or even complete elimination of rosette inhibition is usually only of short length (one day) and has rarely been observed to last longer. No rejection calling for treatment will develop, on the other hand, as long as blocking serum factors provide for high-stability inhibition of any bond of transplantation antigen (rosette formation). Constantly low rosette formation with serum addition and without was exhibited by control persons (blood donors, patients with cerebrocranial trauma) in daily examinations. Limit values of 18 or 30 RBZ/10(3) KHZ were not surpassed.

Graft Rejection↗
PubMed1987

Intramural duodenal hematoma: an unusual complication of endoscopic small bowel biopsy.

We report a case of intestinal obstruction secondary to intramural duodenal hematoma after endoscopic small bowel biopsy. Review of the literature indicates that intramural duodenal hematoma occurs mainly in infants and children after trauma to the abdomen. The diagnosis can be made by upper gastrointestinal series and confirmed by computerized axial tomography of the abdomen. Conservative management in the form of nasogastric suction and total parenteral nutrition resulted in amelioration of obstructive symptoms within 10 days. Physicians should be alerted to the possibility of developing intramural duodenal hematoma after small bowel biopsy. This is the first report of such an unusual complication after endoscopic small bowel biopsy in children.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1986

Potentiation of epidural opioids with epidural droperidol. A one year retrospective study.

During a period of one year, 119 patients with chronic pain received injections of opioids via a catheter inserted in the lumbar epidural space. Twenty-three patients (19%) showed evidence of tolerance and were given droperidol 1.25-5.0 mg epidurally. In 20 patients in this study, there was a significant reduction in the number of epidural opioid injections. Six patients complained of excessive sedation, which disappeared when the dose of droperidol was reduced, although this did not affect the analgesia. One patient given an accidental overdose of droperidol developed reversible Parkinsonism. It is concluded that epidural administration of the dopamine antagonist droperidol may be beneficial as supplementary medication to epidural opioids when tolerance develops.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Immunologic characterization of the rejection of the allogenic transplanted kidney in pigs with and without immunosuppression].

After allogenic renal transplantation in pigs kinetics of the immunological reactivity have been investigated in order to diagnose rejection crisis. In a first series of 26 transplants without any immunosuppression we secured the diagnosis of rejection in 95% of cases of acute or chronic rejection by a combination of antigen-specific rosette test, inhibition of this parameter by autologous serum, complement dependent cytotoxicity and antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. The antigen-specific rosette test reacts very early, 2-3 days before a bad clinical feeling in the course of acute rejection or 5-14 days by chronic rejection. Under the therapy with prednisolone and azathioprine we could not reach any prolongation of survival by arbitrary donor-recipient-selection. Under immunosuppression antibodies have never been observed by acute rejection in CDC and ADCC. In every case of acute rejection an increasing rosette formation of specific antigen binding cells appeared 2-3 days before an increasing of serum creatinine. In the case of other complications like infection or thrombosis this test is not reacting. However, by thrombosis of arteria or vena renalis there can be an increased specific rosette formation either independent of this process by beginning of immune reaction or by causal connection of both processes (necrotizing thrombotic rejection). So we have given the evidence, that the antigen-specific rosette test on a high level meets all requirements of a specific diagnosis of rejection under immunosuppression in pig.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Gas-liquid chromatography of phencyclidine in serum, with nitrogen-phosphorus detection.

We developed a two-step assay of phencyclidine (PCP), in which 2.5 mL of serum is adsorbed onto a disposable solid-phase extraction column and the eluted drug is determined by gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection. Methapyriline is the internal standard. The detection limit of this technique is 0.5 microgram/L and the linear range exceeds 200 micrograms/L. Precision (CV) ranges from 30 to 10% with increasing concentration. No interferences were encountered in more than 400 clinical samples. The assay permits serial observation of low concentrations of the drug in serum for pharmacokinetic study and for quantitative clinical correlation with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Nucleotide sequence of yeast gene CP A1 encoding the small subunit of arginine-pathway carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase. Homology of the deduced amino acid sequence to other glutamine amidotransferases.

A yeast DNA fragment carrying the gene CP A1 encoding the small subunit of the arginine pathway carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase has been sequenced. Only one continuous coding sequence on this fragment was long enough to account for the presumed molecular mass of CP A1 protein product. It codes for a polypeptide of 411 amino acids having a relative molecular mass, Mr, of 45 358 and showing extensive homology with the product of carA, the homologous Escherichia coli gene. CP A1 and carA products are glutamine amidotransferases which bind glutamine and transfer its amide group to the large subunits where it is used for the synthesis of carbamoyl-phosphate. A comparison of the amino acid sequences of CP A1 polypeptide with the glutamine amidotransferase domains of anthranilate and p-amino-benzoate synthetases from various sources has revealed the presence in each of these sequences of three highly conserved regions of 8, 11 and 6 amino acids respectively. The 11-residue oligopeptide contains a cysteine which is considered as the active-site residue involved in the binding of glutamine. The distances (number of amino acid residues) which separate these homology regions are accurately conserved in these various enzymes. These observations provide support for the hypothesis that these synthetases have arisen by the combination of a common ancestral glutamine amidotransferase subunit with distinct ammonia-dependent synthetases. Little homology was detected with the amide transfer domain of glutamine phosphoribosyldiphosphate amidotransferase which may be the result of a convergent evolutionary process. The flanking regions of gene CP A1 have been sequenced, 803 base pairs being determined on the 5' side and 382 on the 3' side. Several features of the 5'-upstream region of CP A1 potentially related to the control of its expression have been noticed including the presence of two copies of the consensus sequence d(T-G-A-C-T-C) previously identified in several genes subject to the general control of amino acid biosynthesis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Acute non-communicating hydrocephalus after spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Five patients, who developed progressive neurological deterioration within hours due to subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) are reported. The computertomographic (CT) appearance of a noncommunicating hydrocephalus (n.c.h.) was a unique feature in 4 cases. CT during the early phase of neurological deterioration after SAH permits the differentiation between an ischaemic, an oedematous, a haemorrhagic-compressive lesion and an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) due to n.c.h.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

The effect of low osmotic potential on nitrite reduction in intact spinach chloroplasts.

The effect of water stress (reduced osmotic potential) on photosynthetic nitrite reduction was investigated using intact, isolated spinach (Spinacia oleracea) chloroplasts. Nitrite-dependent O(2) evolution was inhibited 39% at -29.5 bars osmotic potential, relative to a control at -11 bars. In the presence of an uncoupler of photophosphorylation this inhibition was not seen. Reduced osmotic potential did not inhibit either methyl viologen reduction or photosynthetic O(2) reduction. These results indicate that an inhibition of electron transport to ferredoxin cannot account for the observed inhibition of nitrite-dependent O(2) evolution. In vitro assay of nitrite reductase activity showed that the interaction of the enzyme with nitrite was not affected by changes in the concentrations of ions or molecules that might be caused by water stress conditions. These results indicate that the most likely site for the effect of water stress on chloroplastic nitrite reduction is the interaction of ferredoxin with nitrite reductase.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1985

Plasma cholecystokinin levels in patients with chronic pancreatitis.

Using a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for cholecystokinin (CCK) we have measured plasma CCK levels in patients with and without chronic pancreatitis. All patients suffered from steatorrhea. The basal plasma values in patients with chronic pancreatitis (n = 10) were significantly higher compared with a control group of 40 normal subjects. After ingestion of a test meal peak plasma levels of CCK were significantly higher than in controls, but the integrated CCK release did not differ from the normal subjects. The findings indicate a close relationship between plasma CCK concentration and exocrine pancreatic function.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[The antigen-specific rosette test--its value for clinically relevant problems].

The antigen specific rosette test was used for the evaluation of the sensibilization in animal models and in patients to antigens with clinical relevance. The corresponding antigens were coupled to sheep- and guinea pig-erythrocytes respectively or to a synthetical carrier and we have determined the frequency of antigen binding lymphocytes in patients or animals by rosette formation. The suitability of this test we have studied for following problems: Evaluation of a sensitization against a cutaneous burn toxin in mice following thermic injury, against the transplantation antigens in pigs following allogenic renal transplantation, against TAA from breast carcinoma in patients with breast cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Release of radioimmunologic cholecystokinin in human subjects.

After the development of reliable, highly sensitive, specific radioimmunologic methods for measuring physiologic CCK concentrations in human plasma, we have been able to study the importance of CCK in the postprandial activation of pancreatic enzyme secretion. In man, food causes a threefold increase in the basal plasma CCK concentration with a peak at about 60 minutes. The highest CCK concentrations are observed after intraduodenal fat infusion. Selective proximal vagotomy results in a significant increase in basal CCK concentrations in duodenal ulcer patients without altering the postprandial CCK output. After gastric resection (Billroth I or Billroth II) an initial greater postprandial CCK output is observed. In patients with chronic pancreatic insufficiency without enzyme substitution, basal plasma CCK concentrations and the early postprandial CCK output were elevated which indicated a feedback mechanism between pancreatic enzyme secretion and CCK release from the mucosa of the upper small intestine.

Cholecystokinin↗