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Biomedical subjects

M Werner

Publications and source records attributed to M Werner.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Courses in health education as interventions in industry].

Following a brief overview of approaches to workplace health promotion and more specifically of health education courses the paper describes the objectives, contents and methods of a new health course for workers at elevated health risk. This course was developed as part of a comprehensive workplace intervention programme. It comprises three consecutive modules, coping with stress, nutrition, and fitness, each consisting of five 75-minute lessons. Due to intervals of several months between the modules the whole course takes about a year. Course objectives are to improve awareness of own health-related life-style, to mobilise health resources and to develop potentials for health action. Instructional methods include teaching of relevant knowledge, exchange of experience, observational tasks as well as practical exercises.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1992

[Carcinoid of the middle ear: a rare tumor with biphasic differentiation. Case report with special reference to immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy].

Progressive unilateral sensorineural deafness and tinnitus developed in a 59-year-old woman over a 1-year period. Clinical examination showed a tumor mass which almost completely filled the tympanic cavity, and grew around the auditory ossicular chain. Histological findings revealed the tumor to be a primary carcinoid of the middle ear. Neuro-endocrine differentiation was confirmed immunohistochemically by positivity for neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin, pancreatic polypeptide and synaptophysin. Using electron microscopy, neuroendocrine granules could be visualized. In addition, both light and electron microscopy revealed that cells had an epithelial differentiation with mucin granules while immunohistochemistry showed a positivity for cytokeratins. The detection of intermediary filaments (immunohistochemically with vimentin and under electron microscopy) was unique to this neoplasm and has to be considered in distinguishing the carcinoid tumor from the papillary adenoma of the middle ear. Tumor prognosis is excellent with radical extirpation from the middle ear. In the case presented, there has been no evidence for either recurrence or metastases 10 months after surgical resection.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1992

[Rosai-Dorfman syndrome. On the differential diagnosis of lymph node swelling].

The Rosai-Dorfman syndrome is a benign disease, one of its commonest affected sites being the cervical lymph nodes. This disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a cervical lymphadenopathy. The syndrome often begins with a chronic rhinitis, and is accompanied by sinusitis, tonsillitis or pharyngitis; blood tests indicate chronic infection. The pathogenesis of the disease is still unknown but may include infection or an abnormal autoimmune reaction. The diagnosis is established by the findings of characteristic histiocytes with haemophagocytosis. We report a female patient with persistent cervical lymph node swelling resistant to treatment. The cause was proved by histology to be a Rosai-Dorfman syndrome.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1992

Myelofibrosis in primary myelodysplastic syndromes: a retrospective study of 352 patients.

In a retrospective study of 352 patients with primary myelodysplastic syndromes, 61 (17.3%) revealed myelofibrosis in bone marrow biopsies. The fibrosis was observed to occur mostly focally (41/61 cases), and collagen deposits were found very rarely (4/61). The histopathology of bone marrow biopsies revealed hyperplasia and disturbed differentiation in megakaryopoiesis; the frequency and grade of dysplasia in megakaryopoiesis increased with advancing myelofibrosis. Reticulin fibrosis occurred in all subtypes of MDS; however, there was a higher incidence in chronic myelo-monocytic leukaemia (CMMoL). The frequency of cytogenetic aberrations was significantly higher in the MDS cases with myelofibrosis, compared to the cases without fibrosis. Clinical data showed significantly lower values of haemoglobin and lower platelet counts in MDS with myelofibrosis. Life expectancy was reduced to 9.6 months, compared with 17.4 months in MDS without fibrosis. In refractory anaemia, the survival times were 10.0 months in MDS with myelofibrosis, compared to 28.9 months in MDS without myelofibrosis. 36.6% of the patients with MDS and myelofibrosis developed a transformation into ANLL during the course of the disease. Myelofibrosis therefore seems to herald a poor prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Kinetic and thermodynamic characterization of the interaction between Q beta-replicase and template RNA molecules.

The specific binding of the RNA polymerase Q beta-replicase to some of its RNA template molecules, the single-stranded RNA variant MDV and also Q beta-RNA, was studied under various conditions by using a gel-retardation assay as well as filter retention. The dissociation of the replicase-RNA complex proceeds with first-order kinetics. The dependence of the dissociation rate constant on the concentration of monovalent ions suggests that there are three contacts between the midivariant (MDV) RNA and the replicase. Through analysis of the temperature dependence of the dissociation rate constant, values of 35 and 43 kJ/mol were obtained for the activation energies of complex dissociation between Q beta-replicase and the minus (-) and plus (+) strands of MDV, respectively. The bimolecular association is of second order with high rate constants that increase when the temperature is raised and decrease at higher salt concentrations. The equilibrium constants vary between 4.10(11) M-1 and 5.10(7) M-1, according to the reaction conditions. The temperature dependence of Ka gives delta H = -39 kJ/mol for MDV- and -47 kJ/mol for MDV+. Under nearly all conditions, distinct differences in the association and dissociation rates of plus and minus strands of MDV are observed. The binding of the small variant MDV to Q beta-replicase is three orders of magnitude stronger than the binding of the natural template Q beta-RNA.

Coliphages↗
PubMed1991

Cytogenetics of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) correlated to the histopathology of bone marrow biopsies.

Cytogenetic findings were correlated to histopathological bone marrow findings evaluated simultaneously in 103 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). CML was subtyped histologically according to the number of megakaryocytes and increase of fibers or blasts within the bone marrow. The Philadelphia chromosome (Ph 1) was found in 88.3% of all patients (91/103). Chromosome aberrations additional to the Ph 1-chromosome were noticed in 20 of 91 (22%) cases. The additional karyotype changes occurred significantly more frequently among patients with increase of fibers in the bone marrow compared with patients without increase of fibers or blasts (p less than 0.05). Karyotype changes associated with increase of fibers in Ph 1-positive cases of CML were trisomy 8 and 19, +Ph1, t (1; 11), and i (17q). Ph 1-positive CML patients with additional karyotype changes had a significantly shorter survival (p less than 0.04) than Ph 1-positive patients without additional chromosome aberrations. Our results suggest that histopathological examination of the bone marrow should be considered in the evaluation of cytogenetic markers in chronic myeloproliferative disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Bilateral ectopic gestations.

Bilateral ectopic gestations are a rare form of double ovum pregnancy. The following case report of a patient with a ruptured ectopic gestation of the left fallopian tube and an unruptured ectopic gestation of the right fallopian tube is presented to demonstrate the importance of thoroughly examining the entire pelvis at the time of exploratory laparotomy undertaken for suspicion of ectopic pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Isoprenaline cannot act on pancreatic beta cells without hyperglycemia or alpha-block.

During long-term increase in isoprenaline (pronounced beta-effect) and isoprenaline plus regitine (pure beta-effect) pancreatic insulin-secretion still depended mostly on blood glucose levels. This means that increased beta-effect during normo- or hypoglycemia could not cause a higher insulin-secretion. Only during additional alpha-receptor blockade insulin-secretion was slightly but insufficiently increased. Catecholamines seem to be more regulator than originator of the insulin secretory process.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Immunohistochemical and biochemical characterization of the mucin-type tumor associated antigen TAG-12 by monoclonal antibody 7A9.

The reactivity of monoclonal antibody 7A9 with normal and neoplastic human tissues and some biochemical characteristics of the antigen (TAG-12) bound by 7A9 were evaluated. Antibody 7A9 showed broad reactivity with various carcinomas in paraffin sections. High percentages of positive tumor cells, displaying membrane and cytoplasmic staining, were noticed in adenocarcinomas of the breast (83/85), serous cystadenocarcinomas of the ovary (15/16), and lung adenocarcinomas (14/16). TAG-12 antigen was also detectable in normal adult and fetal tissues, but the reactivity of 7A9 was mainly restricted to the luminal surface of epithelial cells. For biochemical analyses, TAG-12 antigen purified from T47-D breast carcinoma cells by lectin affinity chromatography was treated with different glycosidases and proteases and analyzed by immunoblotting with 7A9. The data indicate that the antigen recognized by 7A9 is a heavily sialated mucin-type glycoprotein with a molecular weight of more than 200 KD. Similar to all other antibodies against tumor associated antigens, monoclonal antibody 7A9 is not tumor-specific but displays tissue staining patterns with a high carcinoma-to-normal ratio. The strong reactivity with the majority of tumor cells in several carcinoma types suggests that 7A9 is useful for in vitro and in vivo targeting of those tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Immunodetection of a tumor associated antigen (TAG-12): comparison of microwave accelerated and conventional method.

The microwave stimulated immunodetection of a tumor associated antigen (TAG-12) by monoclonal antibody 7A9 and an avidinbiotinylated alkaline phosphatase kit was compared with the conventional staining method. No difference in the staining pattern of antibody 7A9 was noticed in serial paraffin sections of 50 specimens including normal, benign and malignant breast tissues after microwave irradiated and conventional immunostaining. The results demonstrate that microwave stimulated immunostaining gives reliable results and can remarkably reduce the time of the staining procedure.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1991

[Spongious glioneuronal dystrophy with diffuse fatty degeneration of the liver].

Reported in this paper are autopsy findings recorded from a boy who had died at the age of eight month. They included a spongy dystrophic tissue syndrome of the central nervous system associated with diffuse fatty degeneration of the liver. The case is considered to be in the category of glioneuronal dystrophy and is discussed under aspects of differential diagnosis.

Brain↗
PubMed1991

[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a differential diagnosis of otogenic facial paralysis].

Of all the neoplastic conditions of the lymphatic system, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) represents a heterogenous group. As well as lymph nodes NHL can involve extranodal sites, including regions in head and neck. The mouth and oropharynx are typical extranodal sites, and the ENT surgeon should be aware of this possibility of the swift diagnosis of NHL is to be made. We report two patients with rare invasion of the middle ear, facial nerve paresis, and asymptomatic cerebral involvement by Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1990

Comparative evaluation of the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis based on serum and urine enzyme assays.

We compared the diagnostic sensitivities of serum amylase, lipase (assayed enzymatically and immunologically), trypsinogen and elastase-1, the 2-h-timed urine amylase excretion and the ratio of amylase and creatinine clearances in the recognition of acute pancreatitis. Serial serum and urine findings from 39 patients with acute pancreatitis, and from 42 patients with non-pancreatic causes of abdominal pain (controls), as well as findings from 24 healthy subjects (normals) were studied. Decision thresholds were established for each parameter using either the control or the normal population, and the resulting diagnostic sensitivities determined. On hospital admission, all serum assays were equally sensitive, but on subsequent days lipase, trypsinogen and elastase-1 assays all significantly surpassed the sensitivity of the serum amylase assay. On the second and subsequent hospitalization days, determination of timed urine amylase excretion offered no advantage over the serum amylase, and the ratio of amylase and creatinine clearances lacked discrimination altogether.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Expression of transfected genes by differentiated, postmitotic neurons and photoreceptors in primary cell cultures.

We report here that differentiated, primary, postmitotic neurons and photoreceptors in cultures obtained from embryonic chicks can express foreign genes after transfection by the calcium phosphate method. A variety of viral promoters were tested by using either beta-galactosidase or chloramphenicol acetyltransferase as reporter genes. Histochemical and immunocytochemical analysis showed beta-galactosidase expression by both neurons and photoreceptors. As commonly observed with dividing cells, transfection efficiencies showed inter-experimental variability, with efficiencies ranging from 2% to 20% using the same plasmid. On the other hand, intra-experimental variability between replicate dishes was much smaller. Analysis using the highly sensitive enzymatic assay for chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) showed that all of the promoter/enhancers-CAT constructs tested, with the exception of a construct containing the Maloney sarcoma virus promoter, led to the expression of detectable activity when transfected into cultured retinal cells. The calcium phosphate treatment used for cell transfection did not show detectable effects on overall cell survival, although it caused selective decreases in some metabolic activities of the cells. The studies demonstrate that it is possible to obtain expression of genes transfected into primary, postmitotic neuronal cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Analysis of the tumour-associated antigen TAG-12 by monoclonal antibody 7A9 in normal, benign and malignant mammary tissues.

A monoclonal antibody 7A9 was raised against the tumour-associated glycoprotein TAG-12 purified from T47-D breast carcinoma cells. In immunoblots from cytosol of T47-D cells and from sera of breast cancer patients, antibody 7A9 detects the high molecular weight mucin-like TAG-12 antigen. A series of paraffin sections of normal, benign and malignant mammary tissues have been studied with monoclonal antibody 7A9 and the immunoalkaline phosphatase method. In resting gland, proliferating gland and fibroadenoma ducts, reactivity of 7A9 was mainly restricted to luminal membranes of epithelial cells and secretions. 77/79 primary breast carcinomas including ductal, lobular and various other carcinoma types showed cytoplasmic and/or membrane-associated staining with 7A9 in most tumour cells. Metastases (31/31) from different sites were also positive. Strong immunoreactivity with single tumour cells was noted in cytological preparations from freshly resected breast cancer tissue. Thus, monoclonal antibody 7A9 seems to be very useful for the targeting of breast carcinoma cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗