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Biomedical subjects

M Welte

Publications and source records attributed to M Welte.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effect of interpleural morphine on postoperative pain and pulmonary function after thoracotomy.

We have investigated the effect of interpleural morphine on postoperative pain and pulmonary function after thoracotomy. At the end of surgery, an interpleural catheter was inserted in 17 patients and, in a double-blind and randomized manner, either a bolus of morphine 2.5 mg interpleurally (i.p.) and normal saline i.v. (group I) or, as a control for systemic absorption, morphine 2.5 mg i.v. and i.p. saline (group II) was injected. After the initial bolus, a continuous infusion of morphine 0.5 mg h-1 i.p. and saline i.v. (group I) or morphine 0.5 mg i.v. and saline i.p. (group II) was maintained for 24 h. Postoperative pain was assessed by a visual analogue scale, a numerical rating scale and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Pulmonary function was assessed by spirometry. Supplementary analgesics, side effects, degree of sedation, vital signs and chest tube drainage were recorded. All variables were assessed on the day before surgery and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 24 h and 7 days after surgery. Supplementary morphine was given upon request. There was no significant difference in any pain measure or postoperative pulmonary function variable between the groups. We conclude that, after thoracotomy, interpleural morphine does not provide superior analgesia or improve pulmonary function compared with systemic morphine.

Forced Expiratory Volume↗
PubMed1989

Phospholipase A in acute lung injury after trauma and sepsis: its relation to the inflammatory mediators PMN-elastase, C3a, and neopterin.

Inflammatory mediators involved in the pathogenesis of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are products of the humeral cascade systems like the complement cascade and substances released from neutrophil granulocytes and macrophages like proteases, O2-radicals and arachidonate products. Phospholipase A2 (PLA) was shown by Vadas et al. to be correlated with circulatory shock in the sepsis syndrome, the probably most important underlying disease of ARDS. In a clinical study in 48 patients at risk for ARDS after trauma and sepsis we found plasma PLA elevated (52 +/- 5 U/l) in sepsis, with a positive correlation to the complement split product C3a (r = 0.42, p less than 0.01) and neopterin (r = 0.49, p less than 0.05), which serves as a marker of macrophage stimulation. Elastase-alpha 1PI and C3a showed higher plasma levels in patients with ARDS compared with non-ARDS patients, whereas the neopterin and PLA concentrations were not different with regard to ARDS. The relation between PLA and neopterin shown in the study is consistent with the possibility of macrophages being a source of the plasma PLA, as reported in experimental studies.

Biopterins↗
PubMed1979

Relation between decreased mental efficiency in mice and the presence of cerebral lesions after experimental encephalitis caused by yellow fever virus.

The behavior of 1,072 mice that had recovered from encephalitic infection with intracerebrally injected yellow fever virus 17D and of 216 normal mice was tested in a maze and on a horizontal rod rotating around its axle. Infected animals needed more time (average, 8.90 min) to find their food in a maze than did normal animals (average, 4.37 min). Infected mice were able to stay on the rotating rod for a shorter time (average, 6.4 seconds) than were normal animals (average, 9.0 seconds). The correlation between the concentration of virus injected and the performance of the mice was confirmed by the extent of lesions found by histologic study: animals that had anatomic lesions after surviving encephalitic infection showed abnormal behavior.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Decrease in efficiency after experimental virus encephalitis. Small scale experimental tests on mice and histologic evaluation (author's transl)].

Two different experiments were set up in order to test the efficiency of 281 mice which had been infected intracerebrally with yellow fever virus 17 D of various dilutions (10(-1)-10(-5)); the tests were run after two time periods (40--55 days after infection = I. date, and 97 and 160 days after infection = II. date). In the first experimental set-up the animals were to find their food in a labyrinth- after 24 hours without food, (Labyrinth Experiment, Fig. 1). The time was taken from the moment when the mouse was put into the cage until the moment when it ate from the food. 4.37 min, were considered to be "standard time". In the second experiment the mice were placed on a horizontal rod rotating round an axle (Rotating Rod Experiment, Fig. 2 a,b,c). The time was measured for how long the animals could stay on the rod. 90/10 sec., were ascertained as "standard time". The following results were obtained. The difference in time regarding the I. and II. date is clearly noticed by the experiment with the rotating rod. The performance time of the animals was almost doubled after the 2nd time period (Table 4a and b, Fig. 3a and b), i.e. the animals could stay on the rod almost twice as long as after the first time period, which means that the recovery process of the animals can be measured by means of the rod experiment. In this respect the experiment with the labyrinth is less suitable. The recovery of the animals as well as the residual damages depended on the inoculated virus dilutions (Table 5a and b, Fig. 4a and b, Tables 7 and 8, Fig 21a and b). The histologic findings of the animals show lesions in all regions of the Central Nerve System (Fig 6-20, Table 2). The deficiencies of the animals which are due to diffuse damages of the Central Nerve System are demonstrated by the rotating rod experiment, whereas the labyrinth experiment verifies the shortcomings of the cornu ammonis (olfactory brain). The rotating rod experiment is the more sensitive of the two models as the majority of the lesions are distributed diffusely on the Central Nervous System. The severe lesions of the Central Nerve System which are supported by histologic findings - even 160 days after infection, are confirmed by the deficiencies in the performance processes of the animals (delayed damages). Discussion have taken place regarding whether the experimental results of the animals can be applied to assessing latent or delayed damages in children after an encephalitis. The latter could concern in how far the course of an encephalitis depends on the originating virus dosis and could also relate to the development of delayed damages. The knowledge regarding the formation of delayed damages, their assessment as well as the prevention of encephalitis in infants would thus be greatly improved. In order to judge therapeutic measures on animals the rotating rod experiment appears to be very suitable since each stage of the illness enables an assessment of the state of the disease.

Animals↗