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Biomedical subjects

M Weiss

Publications and source records attributed to M Weiss.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Regional myocardial protection during aortic cross-lamp ischemia in dogs: calcium-containing crystalloid solutions.

To study the effects of calcium in cardioplegic solutions, an in situ dog heart model was used that allowed infusion of two different cardioplegic solutions into separate regions of the same heart. Two concentrations of ionized calcium, 1.0 mM and 0.5 mM, in a cold, potassium-containing solution were tested in two groups of dogs and compared with the same cold, potassium-containing solution but without the calcium, during 100 minutes of global myocardial ischemia induced by aortic clamping. Results were evaluated in terms of percent change of regional systolic shortening measured with ultrasonic piezoelectric crystals, percent change of regional myocardial blood flow, and change of regional left ventricular myocardial diastolic distensibility. No significant differences were found between myocardial regions protected with calcium of either concentration and regions protected with calcium of either concentration and regions protected without calcium. This study could demonstrate no beneficial or adverse effects of including calcium in this type of crystalloid cardioplegic solution applied to an in situ dog heart model.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Analysis of mortality of patients after cervical spine trauma.

An analysis of 167 deaths occurring among 1000 patients with cervical spine trauma, treated in the early post-traumatic period in the Rehabilitation Institute at Konstancin, has been carried out in this report. The high percentage of deaths is caused by the great number of elderly patients suffering from other illnesses, a large group with complete spinal cord injury, many cases of high cervical trauma (above C5) and by injuries of other organs, in particular of the skull and chest. We believe that the improvement of general health care in the country taking place in Poland lately, together with the progress in treatment of spinal cord trauma, will bring about a considerable decrease in mortality in the immediate future.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Neurological improvement in traumatic injuries of cervical spinal cord.

In 1965-78 930 patients with trauma of the cervical spine were treated in the Rehabilitation Institute of Konstancin. Eight hundred and forty-three patients had spinal fracture and spinal cord injury. In this paper the effects on the neurological disabilities achieved in 468 patients with complete or severe spinal cord injury are discussed. Improvement after admission to hospital, and taking into account the patient's age and also the timing and the method of specialist treatment, is analysed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The possible relationship between Laurence-Moon-Biedl-Bardet syndrome and a schizophrenic-like psychosis.

The Laurence-Moon-Biedl-Bardet syndrome is probably transmitted hereditarily and recognizable mainly by: a) retinitis pigmentosa; b) hypogonadism and obesity; and c) orthopedic anomalities such as polidactylia, syndactylia, and acroecephalosyndactylia with oligophrenia. Sometimes, other disturbance, mainly dermatological (alopecia), neurological, urological, endocrinological, and, rarely, congenital heart defects, may coexist.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

A double-blind controlled trial of elemental diet in severe, perennial asthma.

In a double-blind controlled trial 41 hospitalized adults with severe, perennial asthma of unknown aetiology were allocated to either an antigen-free elemental diet (Vivasorb) or control diet, i.e. blended ordinary hospital food, for 2 weeks. At the time of entry into the trial all patients were in an active but stable phase of the disease. Medical treatment was given throughout the study as clinically indicated. Peak expiratory flow was measured hourly during the daytime and patients noted their symptoms daily on an assessment form. Validation of variables according to a scoring system indicated that the elemental diet resulted in an improvement of the patients asthma (p less than 0.05). It is concluded that elemental diet may serve as a diagnostic tool for disclosing alimentary intolerance in patients with perennial asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Residence time and accumulation of drugs in the body.

This investigation presents a simple and clinically useful theory of drug accumulation based on the mean residence time of drug molecules in the plasma compartment. The parameters decay fraction and accumulation factor, defined in terms of average steady-state amount in the body, are used to characterize the pharmacokinetics of multiple dosing. These parameters are calculated for digoxin and digitoxin.

Digitoxin↗
PubMed1980

[Prevalence of serological hepatitis A and B markers in Bavarian blood donors (author's transl)].

Sera from 1966 Bavarian blood donors were investigated by radioimmunoassay for serological markers of past hepatitis A and B infections. The prevalence of hepatitis A antibody increased with age and was higher in the urban than in rural populations. More than 80% of persons above 40 years of age had antibody whereas only few young adults showed previous exposure to hepatitis a virus. 20 of 1093 random persons (1.8%) were HBsAg positive at first blood donation. In all age groups anti-HBc was the best marker for previous hepatitis B exposure. There was no correlation between the frequency of hepatitis A and B markers.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Effective concentration and dosage for cardiac glycosides].

The pharmacokinetic fundaments of the glycoside therapy with strophanthin, digoxin and digitoxin are described and compared with the traditional clinically oriented parameters total body stores, decay ratio and so on. Newly introduced is the parameter medium remaining duration in the circulation. A critical analysis of the hitherto cited values of the total body stores and the decay ratio established from the clinical effect shows that on the basis of pharmacokinetic calculations the corresponding values for digoxin and digotoxin need a great correction. The fully active quantity for digoxin lies between 0.5 and 0.8 mg and the subsiding share is 50%. The values for digitoxin lie at 0.9 mg and 9%. Furthermore the causes of the interindividual variability of the maintenance dose are discussed. According to the already existing international experiences an essential improvement of the therapy is possible, when the pharmacokinetically established effective constants are taken into consideration. Examinations of the inter- and intraindividual differences in the kinetics of the glycosides and the development of digoxin preparations with a high (i.e. constant) bioavailability may contribute to a further decrease of the frequency of toxic side-effects in future.

Biological Availability↗
PubMed1980

["In vitro" protaminase activity of human plasma and serum and the human carboxypeptidase N (author's transl)].

1 - Protamine was incubated "in vitro", with human plasma and serum, and the initial degradation products (1-4 hours at 30 degrees C) were characterized by paper chromatographic and paper electrophoretic methods. The analysis revealed the presence of the arginine and also, in low quantities, that of a supplementary compound, an arginine peptide. Comparative experiences with the same substrate revealed that carboxypeptidase B liberated exclusively the C-terminal arginine, plasmin exclusively peptides of arginine, and trypsin, besides arginine peptides, minutes quantities of free arginine. 2 - The method used for quantitative determination of arginine liberated by the action of plasma and serum is based on coprecipitation of residual and partly degradated protamine with the plasma proteins by addition of methanol-acetone. The arginine recovered from supernatant is determined with the Sakagushi reagent. 3 - We could thus demonstrate that the protaminase activity of human plasma and serum in greatly enhanced by cobalt and is inhibited by cadmium and EDTA. Trypsin inhibitor of Künitz and PMSF have little effect. These characters are those of the human carboxypeptidase N of Erdös and al. 4 - The comparison of protamines from different laboratories did not reveal essential differences between protamine sulfate and protamine chloride as some authors have claimed. 5 - The results of this investigation suggest that the "in vitro" enzymatic action of human plasma and serum on protamine is mostly due, at least during the first hours of incubation, to the carboxypeptidase N, described by Erdös and al. A low enzymatic additional action on protamine was observed. This action of proteasic character was not inhibited by the trypsin inhibitor of Künitz.

Arginine↗
PubMed1980

Propylthiouracil-induced hepatic damage.

Two cases of propylthiouracil-induced liver damage have been observed. The first case is of an acute type of damage, proven by rechallenge; the second presents a clinical and histologic picture resembling chronic active hepatitis, with spontaneous remission.

Adult↗