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Biomedical subjects

M Weise

Publications and source records attributed to M Weise.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Influence of smoking on the plasma lipoprotein profile.

Smoking and hypercholesterolemia, or more specifically hyper-beta-lipoproteinemia, are well established risk factors for the early development of atherosclerotic disease. The presence of both factors augments the potential risk. The question arises, therefore, as to whether cigarette smoking has a direct effect on the plasma lipoproteins and, in particular, on the atherogenetic low density lipoproteins. In this study, the influence of cigarette smoking on the lipoprotein profile was investigated in a defined cohort of 6,543 male industrial workers aged 40-59 years, consisting of 2,434 smokers and 3,975 non-smokers. The effect of smoking on the lipoprotein profile showed no significant changes in LDL and only slight changes in the other lipoprotein fractions. Other factors, such as alcohol intake, body weight, and general life style seem to have a greater influence on HDL-cholesterol than smoking. It is concluded that smoking does not significantly alter lipid metabolism and that minor differences observed between smokers and non-smokers are due to a variety of factors, rather than a reflection of a direct metabolic relationship.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Beta 2-microglobulin and other proteins as parameter for tubular function.

Urinary excretion of the low molecular weight protein beta 2-microglobulin and tubular enzymes--alanine aminopeptidase (AAP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) and alkaline phosphatase (AP)--are very sensitive parameters for proximal tubular lesions. In patients with preeclampsia the renal excretion of beta 2-microglobulin allows to differentiate between a primary preeclampsia and a preeclampsia superimposed upon chronic pyelonephritis. In the first group the increase is 3- to 4-fold and in the second group up to 300-fold. In patients with kidney transplantation the urinary excretion of beta 2-microglobulin, AAP, gamma-GT and AP are several times higher than in normals. In case of a rejection episode a further increase of these proteins occur in more than 80% several days before clinical symptoms are present. The application of analgetics (paracetamol, acetylsalicylic acid) in healthy individuals in therapeutical dosages on 3 consecutive days does not show any tubular alteration by the measurement of urinary beta 2-microglobulin. Aminoglycosides (tobramycin, UK 18,892) lead to a cumulative increase of the renal excretion of beta 2-microglobulin and AAP while cephalosporins induce an increase of total proteins in the final urine under the same conditions.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1981

[Comparison of conventional renal clearance values with differently evaluated results of radioisotope nephrography (author's transl)].

81 patients with renal abnormalities or renal disorders of different genesis and severity with and without restricted renal function were investigated by means of the classical PAH- and inulin-clearance. Furthermore a radioisotope nephrography was carried out after application of I 131-Hippuran followed by Cr 51-EDTA. In addition the activity reduction was measured above the shoulder, as well as the activity in serum samples and urine samples gained 30 min after application. A comparison of the clearance values found with those of conventional clearance resulted in poor correlation for I 131-Hippuran (r = 0.54) and no correlation for Cr51-EDTA. Of the many parameters of the radioisotope nephrogram curves only the following are able to give sufficient quantitative functional results: The parameters connected with the rise of the curve between the 48rh and 120rh s and those connected with the slope of the secant. This is also true for the values of activity measured in the urine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Course and modification of Hypomyces ochraceus m 359 autolysis].

Growth and natural autolysis of the ascomycete Hypomyces ochraceus were investigated in shake cultures by measuring dry weight, pH value, and uptake of carbohydrate. The alkaline autolysis resulted in maximum loss of 53% of dry weight during an incubation period of 35 days. Early autolysis was induced by limitation of oxygen, increasing temperature, addition of peracetic acid, and sodiumacide. Autolysis is discussed to be derived from deficiency of energy.

Azides↗
PubMed1978

Simultaneous quantitation of twenty-two amino acids in nanolitre samples of biological fluid.

The technique of thin-layer chromatography and 14C-dansylation has been used for simultaneous measurements of 22 individual amino acids, taurine, serotonin, and gamma-aminobutyric acid in nanolitre samples of glomerular and renal tubule fluid. Standard curves of each amino acid mixture containing all the others showed excellent linearity at amounts ranging from 5.7.10(-13) to 1.45.10(-11) mole (regression coefficients all greater than 0.95). With careful standardization of dansylation conditions, the technique permits highly reproducible measurement of less than 1 pmole of an amino acid.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1978

Micropuncture studies of the transport of individual amino acids by the Necturus proximal tubule.

Absorption of amino acids by the necturus proximal tubules was measured under free-flow conditions The coexistence of proximal tubular amino acid influx was determined by infusing saline into tubular lumens by the stopped-flow microperfusion technique. Under free-flow conditions, fractional absorption of individual amino acids ranged from 0.30 +/- 0.18 (glutamic acid) to 0.96 +/- 0.02 (proline), with 14 of 19 values greater than 0.75. The transport avidity for a given amino acid bore no relationship to its molecular weight, transport class, or plasma concentration. The values obtained for tubular fluid/plasma (TF/P) were very comparable to those reported for the rat. In stopped-flow microperfusion experiments, samples of isotonic saline residing in tubule lumens for 20 min were found to contain all the amino acids present in plasma (filtrate). The concentrations of all except the acidic anionic pair, glutamic acid and aspartic acid, were remarkably similar to those obtained by collection of end proximal samples in free-flow studies. The very high concentrations of the acidic amino acids may reflect their passive distribution across the luminal cell membrane, active absorption having been impaired by the absence of some substance normally present in glomerular filtrate.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1976

[Renal involvement in malaria (author's transl)].

Malaria infection leads to renal involvement. Reversible proteinuria accompanies many plasmodial infections. Chronic malarial nephrotic syndrome is specifically associated with quartan malaria. Acute renal failure is restricted to infections with Plasmodium falciparum. The pathogenesis of renal involvement during malarial infections includes immunological mechanisms. It is now realized that there exist at least two types of immunological processes: acute transient immune-complex glomerulonephritis with reversible proteinuria and chronic immune-complex glomerulonephritis with irreversible nephrotic syndrome.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1975

[Studies on proteinuria following kidney transplantation].

The method of discontinuous micro-disc-electrophoresis was used to characterize the proteinuria after kidney transplantation in man for the early diagnosis of acute rejection crisis. By daily analysis of proteinuria the increase of albuminuria to more than 1 g per 24 h was found to be a sure sign of a beginning rejection crisis. In one third of our cases the rejection crisis could be recognized 7 days and in 80% 3 days before clinical onset. Besides increased albuminuria the appearance of low molecular weight proteins in urine and in 50% gamma globulinuria are further criteria for the rejection crisis. The described method is also very useful for the differential diagnosis of rejection crisis and inflammation in addition to cytological examination of the urine.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Amino acid reabsorption in the rat nephron. Free flow micropuncture study.

The concentration of nine endogenous free L-alpha-amino acids (ALA, LEU, ILE, PHE, TYR, LYS, GLU, PRO, GLY) and of taurine were determined simultaneously along the nephron of the rat kidney using free-flow micropuncture techniques without altering plasma amino acid concentration or kidney function. The amount of each amino acid was determined after dansylation (14C-labelled dansyl-chloride) in the micropuncture sample followed by thinlayer chromatography. The main site of reabsorption is the proximal tubule. After 15-20% of the proximal tubule length the bulk of reabsorption has taken place (18.9 plus or minus 3.4% S.E. of the filtered load remaining). Net reabsorption continues to a small but significant extent along the distal nephron (disal tubule and collecting duct). Reabsorption of taurine is less rapid (% remaining of filtered load at the early proximal tubule 37.0 plus or minus 4.6%). The transtubular concentration ratio of all amino acids except taurine follows a homogeneous course. Under the experimental conditions of this study no distction with respect to different systems of reabsorption "neutral", "basic", "acidic", "imino-glycine") could be made.

Absorption↗
PubMed1975

[Proteinuria in quartan malaria-infected Aotus monkeys].

This paper describes the characterization of proteinuria in Aotus monkeys infected with quartan malaria (Plasmodium brasilianum), using a micro-disc-electrophoresis system. In the post infection urine samples, increases in total proteinuria, albuminuria and gamma-globulinuria were noted a few weeks after peak parasitaemia. Two new proteins also appeared in the urine of malaria infected animals. These findings are discussed with reference to the belief that the Aotus-P. brasilianum system can be a model for human malaria in renal immunopathology.

Albuminuria↗