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Biomedical subjects

M Weber

Publications and source records attributed to M Weber.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[In vivo bactericidal activity of an oxacillin-netilmicin combination against Staphylococcus aureus. Influence of the rhythm of netilmicin administration].

The bactericidal activity of two regimens of netilmicin (8 mg/kg/day) given intravenously once a day (od) or thrice daily (tid) both alone and in combination with oxacillin (200 mg/kg/day) was compared using a model of fibrin clots infected with a strain of Staphylococcus aureus (10(7) CFU/g) sensitive to methicillin and netilmicin (clinical isolate) and implanted subcutaneously in rabbit. This study shows that: 1) Netilmicin given alone as both single and divided doses results in early bacterial killing but does not exert a bactericidal effect after 24 hours because of a significant late increase of the number of bacterial. 2) The netilmicin-oxacillin combinations are more bactericidal at 1 h, 2 h and 24 h than oxacillin alone (P less than 0.001). 3) The oxacillin-netilmicin combination appears to be better for bacterial killing when netilmicin is given thrice daily (P less than 0.001). It is hard to draw a clinical inference from such an experimental study but it seems that 8-hour divided doses intervals should be better for administration of netilmicin than single daily dose during the acute period of staphylococcal infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Bullous amyloidosis].

The patient, a 75-year old man, was admitted in May, 1986 for separation of the epidermis and extensive ecchymotic patches. Physical examination showed numerous haemorrhagic erosions on the extensor aspect of the limbs, feet and hands, and wide patches of epidermal separation in the axillary and dorsal regions. Ecchymotic purpura was present on the limbs, abdominal wall, neck and right orbital region. Nikolsky's sign was positive at the periphery of the lesions. Epidermal cysts, 1 to 5 mm in diameter, were visible on the back of the hands and on the upper part of the neck. There was no macroglossia. Several biopsies were performed in both diseased and healthy skin. Light microscopy of the diseased skin showed, at the junction of the papillary and middle dermis, a band of eosinophilic deposit in which were true intradermal bullae containing red cells. Congo red and thioflavine T stainings were positive, forming a dermal band. At direct immunofluorescence IgG, IgA, IgM as well as the C3 and C9 components of complement were absent. At electron microscopy there was no bullous separation at the dermoepidermal junction; the dermal deposits had a dense amyloid-like fibrillar structure without ramifications. Laboratory examinations showed lambda-2 monoclonal gammopathy with normal levels of IgG and IgA and slightly decreased IgM. Bence-Jones protein was found in the ruin. Bone marrow examination showed 8 p. 100 plasmocytes. The diagnosis was: non myelomatous lambda-2 monoclonal dysglobulinaemia. Amyloid deposits were found in biopsies of the gums and rectum. Other investigations gave negative results. Bullous lesions have been reported in about 20 cases of primary amyloidosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Immunological properties of the human Goodpasture target antigen.

The globular domain NC1 of human basement membrane collagen IV was isolated from glomerular basement membrane after collagenase digestion by chromatographic purification. The human NC1 appears as a hexamer of 160 kD by molecular sieve chromatography which migrates as a single molecule at gel electrophoresis without sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). Reversible dissociation of the hexamer into monomers and dimers was achieved by 6 M guanidine-HC1, SDS, or at pH values less than 4.0. All the subunits of 26 kD, 28 kD, 44 kD, and 50 kD showed reactivity with anti-GBM antibodies on immunoblotting. Inhibition-ELISA demonstrated that the intact hexamer also binds to anti-GBM antibodies at higher NC1 concentrations. However, dose-response curves indicated an approximately 20-50-fold increase in reactivity after dissociation of the hexamer in 6 M guanidine-HC1. Analysis of thermostability demonstrated that heating for 24 h at 37 degrees C or 56 degrees C did not alter the reactivity to anti-GBM antibodies, while reactivity was lost after heating for more than 120 min at 95 degrees C. In contrast to bovine NC1 unfolding of the antigen occurs immediately and does not require elevated temperature. Rotary shadowing of human NC1 at neutral pH revealed homogeneous globules. Distinct but incomplete dissociation into monomers and dimers could be observed at pH 2.5. These in vitro data of the human NC1 domain give further evidence that most of the Goodpasture epitopes are sequestered within the NC1 hexamer and support the hypothesis that production of anti-GBM autoantibodies may be initiated after dissociation of the hexamer has been induced, possibly by a toxic or infective episode.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Treatment of systemic scleroderma using plasma exchange. A study of 19 cases].

Generalized scleroderma (GS) is associated with dysimmunity anomalies suggesting possible benefits of plasma exchange (PE) therapy. Nineteen patients with GS were treated by PE (volume of plasma exchange equivalent to 5-6% body weight and replacement by 4% human albumin), initially three times weekly, then weekly, bi-monthly and monthly (total duration 12-18 months). Clinical and paraclinical follow up was for an average of more than 2 years after the end of PE (mean number 17 per patient). Clinical results were assessed as positive and lasting in 11 cases (57.9%), two cases remaining stable and three cases worsening (one death from heart failure). The remaining three cases were failures in application of treatment (difficult venous approach). Improvement was noted in cutaneous sclerosis (62% of cases), trophic disorders (recovery in 6 of 7 cases) and articular manifestations. Vasomotor disorders were improved in only 20% of cases and visceral lesions unaltered. Results of capillaroscopy showed improvement in 5 of 11 cases. Biological values could not be correlated with either the course or the therapeutic efficacy. General tolerance to PE was good but the venous approach must be of good quality. These findings suggest the need for a randomized trial to define the place of PE in the treatment of GS.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Chiropractic management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

A patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease going back more than 20 years was treated with a combination of chiropractic manipulation, nutritional advice, therapeutic exercises, and intersegmental traction. Improvements were noted in forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, coughing, fatigue, and ease of breathing (sign test significant at 0.005 level). Improvement was also noted in laryngospasm. Studies are made and speculation as to the mechanism of the treatment effect is provided.

Chiropractic↗
PubMed1988

[Neurological manifestations of alveolar echinococcosis].

Among 78 cases of alveolar echinococcosis reported in Lorraine, France, 5 had neurologic complications which in 3 cases revealed the disease. Results of parasitic tests are discussed and emphasis is placed on differences between this disease and hydatidosis. Encephalic localizations (3 cases) were multiple making neurosurgery impossible. The outcome was fatal in 2 cases: 1 month after the initial neurologic signs in the absence of treatment (case 1) and 4 months after treatment with flubendazole (case 2). This drug was however effective in the 3rd case (hepatic, pulmonary and cerebral form) with follow-up now at 4 years. Epidemiologic, histopathologic, clinical, diagnostic characteristics and course of these encephalic localizations are reviewed. Spinal localizations (2 cases) presented with a picture of spinal cord compression. After laminectomy and flubendazole, the course was marked by relapse with death in one case and a satisfactory neurologic course with a 4 year follow-up in the other one.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Sensitivity to an amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination, of deep tonsillar flora isolated in chronic tonsillitis].

Deep tonsillar flora were identified in tonsils removed from 48 patients, children and adults, with chronic tonsillitis and recurrent sore throats or obstructive hypertrophy. Most specimens (38/48) cultured multiple germs (2 to 5 different species) with aerobic and anaerobic Gram+ and Gram-forms, some being beta-lactamase producers. Of the total of 135 strains isolated, 104 were aerobic and 31 anaerobic. The species of aerobic germs most frequently isolated were: Apart from alpha-hemolytic streptococci of undertermined group (38 strains), Haemophilus sp. : 14 (including 3 beta-lactamase + strains), Staphylococcus aureus: 15 (including 11 beta-lactamase + strains), Streptococcus A : 10, Enterobacteriaceae : 6, Neisseria sp. : 8 (including 1 beta-lactamase + strain). And among the anaerobic germs: Peptococcus : 3, Veillonella alc : 10, Fusobacterium nucleatum : 9, Bacteroides melaninogenicus : 6, Other Bacteroides : 2. Of the 127 strains tested, 102 were sensitive to amoxicillin and 121 to amoxicillin and clavulanic acid combination. The presence of a beta-lactamase producing bacterium in 1 of 3 specimens suggests the risk of failure of treatment with penicillin, prescribed classically for this type of affection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Amino acid sequence of chicken gizzard smooth muscle SM22 alpha.

The complete amino acid sequence of SM22 alpha, a novel and abundant 22-kDa protein from chicken gizzard smooth muscle, was determined by a combination of automated and manual Edman degradation methods on fragments produced by suitable chemical and proteolytic cleavages. The protein consists of a single polypeptide chain of 197 residues, has a Mr of 21, 978, and a net charge of +4.5 at neutral pH. The pattern of alternating hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions throughout the length of SM23 alpha is typical of a globular protein. The overall secondary structural analysis, using several algorithms based on the sequence, predicts approximately 31% alpha-helix, 24% beta-sheet, 18% beta-turn, and 27% random coil. A search against the National Biomedical Research Foundation Protein Sequence Databank (Washington) and GenBank (Los Alamos) failed to demonstrate significant similarity with any other protein of known sequence.

Amino Acid Sequence↗