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Biomedical subjects

M Wattwil

Publications and source records attributed to M Wattwil.

38 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
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An open study comparison of 0.5%, 0.75% and 1.0% ropivacaine, with epinephrine, in epidural anesthesia in patients undergoing urologic surgery.

Ropivacaine 0.5%, 0.75% and 1.0% with epinephrine 5 micrograms/ml was investigated in an open, multi-center study for lumbar epidural anesthesia in 46 patients undergoing urologic surgery. The onset time for analgesia to T12 was 5-7 minutes after the end of the ropivacaine injection. Maximum segmental levels of analgesia (T4-6) were not different between the groups. Complete motor blockade was obtained in 3/15, 7/15 and 10/15 patients in the 0.5%, 0.75% and 1.0% groups, respectively. Duration of analgesia at the T10 level was 2.5 hours in the 0.5% group, and increased to 4 hours in the 1.0% group. Analgesia was satisfactory for surgery in all patients except for 2/15 in each of the 0.5% and 0.75% groups and 1/15 in the 1.0% group. Hypotension was experienced by three, six and three patients in the 0.5%, 0.75% and 1.0% groups, respectively. Bradycardia was seen in two patients in the 0.5% group and one patient in the 1.0% group. Backache was experienced by seven patients (four in the 0.5%, two in the 0.75% and one in the 1.0% group). No late-occurring adverse experiences were observed. In conclusion, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1.0% ropivacaine with epinephrine provide adequate analgesia and motor blockade for urologic surgery.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidural and spinal anesthesia do not influence gastric emptying and small intestinal transit in volunteers.

The influence of thoracic epidural anesthesia, spinal anesthesia, and a painful stimulus on gastric emptying, orocecal transit time, and small intestinal transit were studied in nine healthy volunteers. Gastric emptying was measured by the acetaminophen absorption method. Orocecal transit time was determined by measuring end-expiratory hydrogen concentration. Small intestinal transit was calculated from measurements of the orocecal transit time and gastric emptying. Cold pain stress with intermittent immersion of the feet in ice-cold water was used as a painful stimulus. Each volunteer was investigated on four occasions: 1. during nociceptive stimulation of the feet (cold pain); 2. during low spinal anesthesia with block of the afferent nerves from the nociceptive stimulated area; 3. during thoracic epidural anesthesia (0.5% bupivacaine) with block of the efferent nerves to the stomach and small intestine but with intact afferents from the nociceptive stimulated area; 4. as a control study without pain and anesthesia. Without spinal anesthesia, immersion of the feet in cold water was very painful and caused a circulatory stress reaction with increased blood pressure. Cold pain stress in itself did not influence gastric emptying, orocecal transit time, or small intestinal transit. Neither did epidural or spinal anesthesia during cold pain stress influence these variables of gastrointestinal motility. Thus, low spinal anesthesia or thoracic epidural anesthesia in itself did not influence gastric emptying, orocecal transit, or small intestinal transit.

Adult↗