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Biomedical subjects

M Wang

Publications and source records attributed to M Wang.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Treatment of premenstrual syndrome by spironolactone: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

BACKGROUND: To reevaluate whether spironolactone, a steroid receptor antagonist, is effective in improving premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in a double-blind, placebo-controlled cross over study. METHODS: Thirty-five women with PMS were given one tablet of 100 mg spironolactone or placebo daily from day 14 of the menstrual cycle until the first day of the following menstruation. Two pretreatment cycles were observed for diagnosis in each woman, followed by 6 treatment cycles with spironolactone and placebo applied in either the first or second 3 months. The assessment of symptoms and diagnosis of PMS were based on prospective daily self-ratings made by the women using a validated visual analogue scale. RESULTS: The treatment with spironolactone was associated with an improvement in PMS symptoms compared to placebo as judged by significant decrease in negative mood symptom scores (p < 0.001) and somatic symptom scores (p < 0.001). Of the individual symptoms, spironolactone significantly improved irritability, depression, feeling of swelling, breast tenderness and food craving in comparison to placebo. A lasting effect of spironolactone was observed in women started with spironolactone after cross over to placebo. CONCLUSIONS: Spironolactone appears to be an effective therapy for the negative mood changes and somatic symptoms in PMS.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Factors affecting thyroid function after thyroidectomy for Graves' disease.

A series of 108 patients with surgically treated Graves' disease were analyzed retrospectively in an attempt to determine factors that could affect postoperative thyroid function. Univariate analysis showed that remnant size, resected thyroid weight, antithyroid microsomal antibody and antithyroglobulin antibody titers were all significantly related to the postoperative outcome. Remnant size outweighed the other factors in prediction of thyroid status following subtotal thyroidectomy. When all the potential prognostic factors were individually adjusted by remnant size, only the degree of lymphocytic infiltration and antithyroid microsomal antibody titer were significantly associated with the postoperative outcome. Within the range of optimal remnant size, the higher the antithyroid microsomal antibody titer and the degree of lymphocytic infiltration, the greater the likelihood of postoperative hypothyroidism and the lower the chance of recurrence. Further stepwise discriminant analysis revealed that remnant size can be planned according to the known preoperative antithyroid microsomal antibody titer to achieve the greatest likelihood of a postoperative euthyroid state. The model suggested that when the antibody titer is < or = 640, the remnant size should be 3 to 5 cm3; if the antibody titer is 1,280 to 2,560, then the remnant size should be 4 to 5 cm3; and if the antibody titer is > or = 5,120, then the remnant size should be around 5 cm3.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1995

A new method for early diagnosis of carcinoma in bile duct-sonography of common bile duct before and after injection of ceosunin.

42 cases of dilatation (7-15 mm) of extrahepatic bile duct after ceosunin injection (cholagogic method) were observed ultrasonographically. Among the 18 cases of testified obstructive lesions of the bile duct, 13 (72%) showed widening of the bile duct with an increase of calibre from 9.8 mm to 11.7 mm, 3 (16%) had no obvious change, and 2 (12%) shrank. Among the 24 cases of non-obstruction 22 (92%) shrank with a decrease calibre from 9.6 mm to 6.3 mm, and 2 (8%) showed no obvious change. After receiving cholagogue, 9 cases of periampullary carcinoma in the obstructive group were confronted with widening of the bile duct calibre. After longitudinal and transverse rotation scanning method was used, 8 of the 9 cases had their tumor mass visualized. Combined cholagogic and rotation scanning methods raised the lesion manifestation rate of lower bile duct from 41% to 88%. A dilated bile duct unable to show shrinkage of calibre after cholagogue injection is believed to be a criterion for judging the presence of a suspicious case of bile duct obstruction. This criterion has a sensitivity of 89%, specificity of 92%, and accuracy of 90%.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Tumor recurrence prevention using photodynamic therapy after treatment of bladder cancer].

Photodynamic therapy with hematoporphyrin derivative was given to 21 patients with recurrent transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Each patient received red light (630nm) derived from a gold-vapor laser machine into the bladder. The light dose was given to the whole bladder by using the bulb diffuser with power density ranging from 36 to 72J/cm2. All patients had a complete response at 6 months. Three of the 21 patients had tumor recurrence at 12 months. This new light delivery system appears to be effective in the prevention of bladder cancer. Photochemotherapy is as useful as bladder chemotherapy. Its preventive effect will be elevated if it is repeated 6-12 months after first treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Herbs of the genus Phyllanthus in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B: observations with three preparations from different geographic sites.

It has been suggested that herbs of the Phyllanthus family may have antiviral activity. We therefore tested the effects of three different Phyllanthus extracts on the serologic status of 123 patients with chronic hepatitis B. Eleven patients received an extract of Phyllanthus amarus (L) provided by S.P. Thyagarajan, Madras, India. Forty-two patients received Phyllanthus niruri (L), gathered from Hainan Province in China, and 35 patients received an extract of Phyllanthus urinaria (L), which had been gathered in Henan Province. Thirty-five control patients received no herbal therapy. The patients receiving Phyllanthus urinaria (L) were both more likely to lose detectable hepatitis B e-antigen from their serum and more likely to seroconvert hepatitis B e-antibody status from negative to positive than were patients given either of the other two preparations. No patient changed status with respect to hepatitis B s-antigen.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[SIMA leakage into stroma and lymph node metastasis in cervical adenocarcinoma].

The relationship of small intestine mucin antigen (SIMA) leakage into stroma and tumor lymph node metastasis was studied by SIMA immunohistochemical stain in the cervical adenocarcinoma of uterus. The results showed that the more SIMA leakage into stroma, the more possibility of lymph node metastasis. There was no difference between the SIMA staining intensity in the primary tumor or metastatic tumor. Mucin leakage into stroma may play an important role in cervical adenocarcinoma metastasis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Functional analysis of the CPS I upstream sequences with a CAT assay].

Expression plasmids (pKCPSx-CAT) containing carbamyl phosphate synthetase I (CPS I) upstream sequences of different lengths were constructed, and the function and characteristics of the sequences were studied with the CAT assay. The results showed that the CPS I upstream sequences exerted highly tissue-specific control on CPS I gene expression, and the -142- -38bp region relative to the cap site was found to be indispensable for CPS I gene transcription. The -1700- -161bp region contains sequences which confer an enhancing effect on CPS I gene transcription. Dexamethasone and thioproline (a differentiation inducer) showed enhancing effects on CPS I gene transcription in hepatoma cells. These results would have significance in studies on the gene regulation of CPS I associated with the mechanism of hepatocyte differentiation and carcinogenesis.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1995

[Changes in serum IL-2 and sIL-2R levels in patients with primary hepatic carcinoma before and after treatment and their clinical significance].

Serum IL-2 and sIL-2R levels were measured with sandwith ELISA assay before and after surgery or transarterial embolization in 19 cases of primary hepatic carcinoma. The results show that pretreatment IL-2 levels of patients were significantly lower and sIL-2R expression was higher than those of normal control. IL-2 levels of patient were increased and sIL-2R expression was decreased after treatment. The results suggest that the changes of IL-2 level and sIL-2R expression may be closely related to treatment, recurrence and prognosis of patients with primary hepatic carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The growth inhibitory effects of vitamins K and their actions on gene expression.

A characteristic defect occurs in rat and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) resulting in a loss of function of the vitamin K-dependent enzyme gamma-glutamyl-carboxylase in the tumor but not in the underlying liver. This causes the secretion of elevated levels of the immature or des-gamma-carboxylated form of prothrombin, which is used as a marker of HCC. We investigated whether, using the defined conditions of growing HCC cell lines in tissue culture, addition of the naturally occurring vitamins K1 or K2 or the synthetic vitamin K3 could influence the secretion of immature prothrombin. We found that vitamins K1, K2 and K3 all suppressed the secretion of immature prothrombin into the tissue culture medium. Vitamins K2 and K3 were also found to inhibit growth of the HCC cell line, in an apparently nontoxic and reversible manner. The influence of the vitamins K on the expression of some genes related to vitamin K action was examined and compared with that of another growth inhibitor, TGF beta 1 protein. The vitamins K were found to increase the expression of prothrombin and carboxylase messenger RNA and c-myc messenger RNA, but had no effects on the expression of TGF beta 1 messenger RNA. By contrast, TGF beta 1 increased TGF beta 1 messenger RNA levels, but had no effects on the other genes, suggesting a different pathway. The previously studied vitamin K3-mediated inhibition of growth was antagonized by the addition of catalase to the culture medium, but the inhibitory effects of vitamin K2 were not antagonized.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1995

Pre-exposure of mice to low dose or low dose rate ionizing radiation reduces chromosome aberrations induced by subsequent exposure to high dose of radiation or mitomycin C.

The phenomenon of cytogenetic adaptive and cross-adaptive response induced by low dose irradiation and chemical mutagen in mice is described. We found, firstly, that adaptation can be induced by acute low dose X-irradiation (0-100 mGy). Secondly, a cross-adaptation can occur between X-irradiation and mitomycin C (MMC). And finally, mice pre-exposed to chronic low dose rate 60Co-Gamma irradiation (0-226.0 mGy/day) are less susceptible to chromosome aberration induced by subsequent acute higher X-irradiation. Therefore, our data suggest that radioadaptive response depends on dose, dose rate and time interval. Possible mechanisms are also discussed.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1995

Effect of massotherapy on the in vivo free radical metabolism in patients with prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc and cervical spondylopathy.

The endogenous free radical scavenger superoxide dismutase (SOD) and blood catalase (CAT) in 2 groups of patients with prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc and cervical spondylopathy were lower than that of the healthy control group, while the -SH reflecting the metabolic disturbance of free radical was higher. After massotherapy, blood SOD and CAT were increased, while lipid peroxide (LPO), -SH in urine were decreased, demonstrating that there are distinct parallel relationships existing in the changes of these enzymes in blood and urine.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Usage of the geno-toxicological studies in the biological evaluation of dental materials].

The salmonella mutagenicity test (Ames test), the Bacillus subtilis repair test and SOS chromotest are three sorts of sort-term mutagenic test, which were developed recently and had their individual terminal point to examine genotoxins. A battery of short-term tests was made up of these three mutagenic tests to examine the mutagenicity of formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde and resorcinal. The results verified formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde were genetoxins, and discovered resorcinal not only had no mutagenicity, but also had the antimutagenicity to some genotoxic agents. In addition, the methods of three tests were described and the use of the battery was introduced and evaluated.

DNA Repair↗
PubMed1995

[Laparoscopic treatment of endometriosis with Nd: YAG laser and microwave].

A series of 200 cases of endometriosis were treated laparoscopically by Nd: YAG laser and microwave at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. All the operations were performed under local and topical anesthesia follow-up for 10-48 months revealed good results. Of 76 cases with infertility, 46 (60.5%) conceived after treatment. Of 114 cases with ovarian endometriomas, the cysts were no longer found in 81 cases (71.1%), decreased in size in 24 cases (21.0%). Of 180 cases with pain symptoms, 105 patients (58.3%) were achieved complete relief, Partial relief in 61 cases (33.9%). It has been found that laparoscopic surgery is effective to improve fertile rate for the patients with all the stages of endometriosis. The results showed that the microwave and Nd: YAG laser can be achieved with safety and success. The microwave is safer than Nd: YAG laser and is easier to operate and less expensive.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

HER-2/neu overexpression in Chinese breast cancers: correlation with other prognostic factors.

HER-2/neu oncogene amplification or overexpression has generated considerable interest in predicting the outcome of breast cancer in Caucasians. In the present study, Northern blot analysis was used to investigate 44 primary breast cancers of different stages in Chinese patients. Nineteen tumors (43.2%) demonstrated more than two-fold expression of HER-2/neu mRNA over adjacent non-tumor breast tissue. The incidence of HER-2/neu overexpression in this series is higher than those reported in Caucasian studies. Ethnic variation is perhaps the only contributing factor. In node-negative patients, the incidence of HER-2/neu overexpression was also higher (33.3%), which could imply a worse prognosis in node-negative Chinese patients than in their Caucasian counterparts. A significant correlation between HER-2/neu overexpression and cancer stage was demonstrated. There were also trend relationships between HER-2/neu overexpression and other prognostic factors, including the number of positive axillary lymph nodes, tumor size, hormone receptor status and age at diagnosis, but none of these correlations were statistically significant. In axillary lymph node-negative patients, HER-2/neu overexpression was associated with estrogen receptor-negative status, a factor predicting worse outcome. These findings imply that HER-2/neu overexpression may identify a subgroup of node-negative patients with a poor prognosis who would otherwise have a favorable prognosis.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1995

IL-10 blocks collagen IV invasion by "invasion stimulating factor" activated PC-3 ML cells: upregulation of TIMP-1 expression.

We have previously shown that a 78-kDa "invasion stimulating factor" (ISF) triggers collagenase IV (MMP-2) secretion and the invasive behavior of metastatic PC-3 ML subclones in modified Boyden chamber assays [Stearns, M. E.; Stearns, M. Autocrine factors, type IV collagenase secretion and prostatic cancer cell invasion. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 12:39-52; 1993. Wang, M.; Stearns, M.; Stearns, M. E. Identification of the receptor for a novel M(r) 78,000 "invasion stimulating factor" from metastatic human prostatic PC-3 ML clones. Cancer Res. 54:2492-2495; 1994.]. Recently, we have shown that interleukin 10 (IL-10) preferentially stimulates tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) production in these cells [Wang, M.; Stearns, M. E. Characterization of a novel TIMP-1 enhancer element. J. Biol. Chem., submitted.]. In this paper, we report that IL-10 (20-40 ng) can inhibit the invasion stimulatory effects of ISF (30-60 ng) on PC-3 ML cells. "Checkerboard analysis" with modified Boyden chambers (precoated with 10 and 100 micrograms collagen IV) shows that IL-10 inhibits the stimulatory effects of ISF on both cell motility and chemoinvasion processes. In support of these data, exogenously supplied TIMP-1 (10 micrograms/ml) and collagenase antibodies (1:200 dilution) both completely blocked invasion. Quantitative ELISAs comparing the molar ratios of TIMP-1:MMP-2 and TIMP-2:MMP-2 further demonstrate that IL-10 (10-40 ng) preferentially activates TIMP-1 secretion to increase the molar ratio of TIMP-1:MMP-2 in the presence of increasing amounts of ISF (0-60 ng). IL-10 did not elevate TIMP-2 secretion or influence the molar ratio of TIMP-2:MMP-2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗