Biomedical subjects

M Wang

Publications and source records attributed to M Wang.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources

PubMed1999

Changing pattern of heart diseases in Shanghai from the 1950s to 1980s.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the pattern of dynamic change in types of heart diseases in the past 4 decades for providing a reference to treatment and prevention of heart diseases in China. METHODS: All adult cardiac patients admitted to the Zhong Shan Hospital and Hua Shan Hospital from 1948 to 1989 were analyzed. The constituent ratio of different heart diseases in the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s and 1980s was compared. RESULTS: The percentage of heart diseases among medical inpatients increased in each of the recent 4 decades, from 9.89%, 15.69%, 20.90% to 23.54% respectively. The constituent ratio of different heart diseases changed, coronary heart disease constituted the highest proportion, next came rheumatic heart disease, and congenital heart disease was in third place. Congenital heart disease, myocarditis, cardiac dysrhythmia without organic heart disease, cardiomyopathy and endocarditis increased, rheumatic heart disease, pulmonary heart disease and hypertensive heart disease apparently decreased; syphilitic heart disease could rarely be encountered. CONCLUSION: China is now facing a low overall death rate, a long life expectancy and an aging population. The incidence of heart diseases increased gradually and patterns of heart diseases kept changing. The overall trend is that heart diseases which were not related to infection are increasing while heart diseases related to bacterial infection are decreasing.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗

PubMed1999

[Comparison of clinical outcome between allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation and bone marrow transplantation].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical outcome of allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation(PBSCT) with that of bone marrow transplantation(BMT). METHODS: Twenty-six patients received allo-BMT and 24 received allo-PBSCT in our hospital between August 1991 and September 1998. Conditioning regimens were CY 120 mg/kg plus STBI 9-10 Gy or BU 16 mg/kg or Mel 140-160 mg/m2 plus CY 120 mg/kg. RESULTS: Twenty-three patients of PBSCT and 24 of BMT group engrafted successfully. The median follow-up duration was 352(19-745) days for the PBSCT group and 546(19-2,329) days for the BMT group. Transplant-related death was 4(16.7%) patients in the PBSCT and 7(26.9%) in BMT group (P = 0.38). Three(12.5%) patients in PBSCT and 5(19.2%) in BMT group relapsed(P = 0.27). The 2-year probabilities of disease-free survival(DFS) for PBSCT and BMT group were (67.9 +/- 11.3)% and (57.7 +/- 9.7)%, respectively(P = 0.24). aGVHD occurred in 6(25%) patients in the PBSCT and 6 (23.1%) in the BMT group (P = 0.624), while cGVHD did in 13(56.5%) and 1 (3.85%), respectively (P = 0.0002). CONCLUSION: The clinical outcome of allo-PBSCT is similar to allo-BMT, except for a higher incidence of cGVHD.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1999

The diagnostic value of total respiratory impedance by impulse oscillometry in chronic obstructive lung disease.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnostic significance of total respiratory impedance for chronic obstructive lung disease. METHODS: The impedance of respiratory system was measured by impulse oscillometry method and compared with parameter values of routine pulmonary function in 57 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). RESULTS: It significantly increased in viscous resistance ranging from 5 Hz and 35 Hz and resonant frequency in COPD group than that in healthy group. Reactance from 5 Hz and 35 Hz in COPD group was marked lower than that in healthy group. There were marked frequency dependence of viscous resistance and reactance in COPD patients. Resonant frequency was markedly and negatively correlated with parameters of pulmonary ventilation indices; X5 was positively correlated with parameters of pulmonary ventilation indices. But no statistical correlation was showed between R20 and parameters of pulmonary ventilation indices. Correlation was found between resonance frequency and FEV1, resonance frequency and Vmax. The correlation coefficient values were -0.671 and -0.666 respectively. The sensitivity of resonant frequency, R5 and X5 for diagnosing COPD were 94.74%, 59.65% and 54.38%, respectively. The specificity of them were 86.66%, 96.66% and 90%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Resonant frequency was the most sensitive index in the parameters measured by IOS for diagnosing COPD. Since impedance measurement was a non-invasive method and only passive co-operation of the patient was needed. This technique could therefore be applied in COPD patients with acute attack for dynamic examination.

Aged↗

PubMed1999

[The possible role of loss of heterozygosity at APC, MCC and DCC genetic loci in esophageal carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the alterations of APC, MCC and DCC genes in human esophageal carcinoma. METHODS: A total of 46 human esophageal cancer specimens were analyzed for the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at APC, MCC and DCC genetic loci by means of polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS: The incidence of LOH was 29.0%(9/31) at APC locus, 33.3%(8/24) at MCC locus, and 32.4%(12/37) at DCC locus, respectively. However, there was no statistically significant correlation between LOH at these three loci with such clinical parameters as pathological types, tumor size, invasiveness, and lymph-node metastasis. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that LOH at APC, MCC and DCC loci in esophageal carcinoma is, to certain extent, a common genetic alteration which might play a role in esophageal carcinogenesis.

Chromosome Mapping↗

PubMed1999

[MAL gene is down-regulated substantially in human esophageal cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the status of expression of MAL gene in human esophageal cancer. METHODS: Expression of MAL gene was analyzed by Northern blot and/or RT-PCR in 41 pairs of human esophageal cancer tissues and matched adjacent normal mucosa, and three human esophageal cancer cell lines EC109, EC8712 and EC9706. MAL gene was analyzed by PCR in the three esophageal cancer cell lines. RESULTS: MAL gene expression was down-regulated substantially or barely detectable in 93% (38/41) of human esophageal cancer tissues while expressed at high level in all matched adjacent normal esophageal mucosa. In all 3 human esophageal cancer cell lines, expression of MAL gene was not detectable. PCR analysis showed that the MAL gene fragment analyzed was intact in the three esophageal cancer cell lines. CONCLUSION: Down-regulation of MAL gene expression is of frequent occurrence in human esophageal cancer.

Down-Regulation↗

PubMed1999

[Imaging findings of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To describe the imaging findings of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma(FL-HCC). METHODS: Imaging studies in 11 patients with pathologically confimed F1-HCC were reviewed. There was no cirrhosis or hepatitis according to patients' history. Serum alpha-fetoprotein level was normal in all patients. Imaging studies included ultrasonography(US) in 10 patients, CT in 11, MRI in 8, and angiography in 9. RESULTS: (1) On US, the echogenicity of the tumor was hyperechoic relative to normal liver in four patients, and mixed in six. Cyst-like regions with various sizes were found within the masses in four patients, Doppler US revealed that the solid portion of the tumor was hypervascullar. (2) Nonenhanced CT scan demonstrated a well demarcated, solitary mass in 9 patients, and a multilobulated mass in 2. All masses were non-homogeneous and hypodense to the liver. Seven of the lesions had a central lower density region with radiating pattern which was confirmed as densely packed scar by pathologic examination. Punctate calcification was seen in 4 of 11 patients. Marked contrast enhancement of the masses was seen on the arterial dominated phase in 7 patients under enhanced CT, and a central nonenhanceing scar-like structure was found in 4 of the seven patients, Liver cirrhosis and splenomegaly were not found in this series. (3) On MRI, the tumor was hypointense relative to the liver parenchyma on T1-weighted spin-echo image and non-homogeneous hyperintense on T2-weighted image. Six of the eight patients had a central radiate-like structures which were hypointense on both T1 and T2-weighted images. On contrast enhanced MRI, four of five patients had obvious enhancement, and the central scar did not enhance on both early and delayed enhancement. (4) On angiography, a globular hypervascular mass with neovascularity was found in four of the nine patients. Peripheral nodular tumor stain, which was similar to that of hemangioma, was seen in 3 patients. A hypovascular mass with displacement of the adjacent vessels was found in 2 cases. No tumor thrombus in the portal vein, nor arterial shunting to the portal vein was identified. CONCLUSION: Typical imaging features in young patients of a large hepatic mass with central scar and calcification but without cirrhosis might be suggestive of FL-HCC.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[Study on the association between tumor necrosis factor alpha gene polymorphism and systemic lupus erythematosus].

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether polymorphism within the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) gene is associated with the susceptibility and clinic manifestations to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the patients of Han ethnic group collected from the Northern China. METHODS: TNF(1) and TNF(2) subtypes of TNFalpha gene were defined by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis in 89 Chinese patients with SLE and 70 ethnically matched controls from Peking Union Medical College Hospital. All SLE patients were diagnosed by the American Rheumatological Association SLE diagnostic criteria setup in 1982. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR(2) gene frequency was assigned by PCR with sequence-specific primers (SSP-PCR). RESULTS: The frequencies of TNF(2) and HLA-DR(2) were significantly increased in SLE patients respectively compared to that of the controls (0.23 vs 0.14, RR = 1.85, P < 0.05; 0.36 vs 0.22, RR = 2.02, P < 0.01). Both TNF(2) and HLA-DR(2) were associated with SLE independently (RR = 3.96, P < 0.05; RR = 3.07, P < 0.05), but there was no association between the two genes. In TNF(2) positive patients, the positive rate of anti-SSA antibody was apparently higher and the incidence of lupus nephritis was significantly increased. CONCLUSION: Both TNF(2) and HLA-DR(2) gene may play a role in SLE susceptibility. Anti-SSA antibody and lupus nephritis were strongly associated with TNF(2) gene.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[The role of nitric oxide on the functional change of interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6 induced rat pancreatic islets of Langerhans].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of interleukin (IL)-1 beta and IL-6 on nitric oxide (NO) production, islet cell DNA and insulin content, and MTT assay of rat pancreatic islets of Langerhans. METHODS: Isolated pancreatic islet cells from SD rats were cultured in monolayer in vitro. Nitrite production, islet cell DNA and insulin content, and MTT assay in rat pancreatic islet cells incubated with IL-1 beta and IL-6, singly or in combination, were measured. The levels of these parameters of the cytokines in the absence and presence of N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase, were compared. RESULTS: IL-1 beta induced a significant increase in nitrite production, a decrease of islet cell DNA and insulin content and reduction of cell activity (MTT, P < 0.001); these changes were blocked by L-NMMA (P < 0.001). IL-6 produced no significant change in those parameters (P > 0.05). The combination of IL-1 beta and IL-6 increased NO production, decreased islet cell DNA and insulin content and reduced cell activity (P < 0.001); the changes were similar to those with IL-1 beta alone (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The cytotoxic effects of IL-1 beta on pancreatic islets might be mediated by NO. IL-6 may not be directly cytotoxic to pancreatic islets. It may be related with the fact that IL-6 does not induce NO production.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[Misdiagnosis of acute renal failure and the clinical significance of renal biopsy].

OBJECTIVE: To improve the diagnostic accuracy of acute renal failure (ARF) by analyzing the causes of misdiagnosis. METHODS: To compare the correlation between admission and final diagnoses, find the possible causes of misdiagnosis and summarize the influence of early diagnosis and treatment on prognosis. RESULTS: In 111 ARF patients, only 67.6% (75/111) was diagnosed as ARF before admission; 14.4% (16/111) was misdiagnosed as chronic renal failure (CRF); 18.0% (20/111) as renal tumor, urinary lithiasis and hematuria or proteinuria of unknown origin. Renal biopsy was performed in 69 cases. Diagnosis was corrected in 21.7% (15/69) of the cases and the method of treatment was changed in 56.5% (39/69) cases after biopsy. CONCLUSION: It is showed that some cases of ARF were misdiagnosed as CRF. The size of the kidney and finger nail creatinine level would be helpful in the differentiation of CRF and ARF. The difficulty in establishing the causes of ARF is the differentiation between acute glomerulonephritis and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN), acute tubular necrosis (ATN) and acute interstitial nephritis (AIN). ATN or AIN with chronic glomerulonephritis may be confused with RPGN. When there is difficulty in differentiation, renal biopsy should be performed as soon as possible.

Acute Kidney Injury↗

PubMed1999

[Precise positioning for reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament].

OBJECTIVE: To supply the basement for precise positioning for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in the knee and recommend a precise measurement method during the operation. METHODS: Bone tunnels along ACL attachments were made in 20 cadaveric knees. Steel wire was introduced through the tunnel and the length changes were measured during passive knee flexion. We developed an Isometer for getting continuous parameters. RESULTS: Anterosuperior (AS) fibers were lengthened during knee flexion from 30 to 120 degrees, combined with the increase of anterior restraints. Length changes of the posterosuperior and central (C, PS) fibers were minimal. The length of the anteroinferior and posteroinferior (AI and PI) fibers were shortened with the decrease of the anterior restraints. CONCLUSIONS: The central and posterosuperior (C, PS) parts of femoral attachment would be the ideal reconstruction point. In case of old injury of ACL with ambiquous landmark, the Isometer is suggested in identifying the reconstruction point.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament↗

PubMed1999

[Operative treatment of acetabular fractures].

OBJECTIVE: To improve the level of the management of complicated acetabular fracture. METHODS: 56 acetabular fractures were treated operatively from March 1993 to May 1998. According to Letournel-Judet classification, 7 cases were posterior wall fracture, 6 posterior column fracture, 4 anterior column fracture, 6 transverse fracture, 6 T-shaped fracture, 10 posterior column combined posterior wall fracture, 6 transverse combined posterior wall fracture, 2 anterior combined posterior hemi-transverse fracture and 6 both column fracture. Kocher-Langebeck approach, illioinguinal approach, illiofemoral approach, extended illiofemoral approach and anterior combined posterior approach were adopted for different fractures with reconstruction plates and screws. RESULTS: 49 of 56 cases were followed up on an average of 26.4 months. According to Matta's evaluation, 19 cases (39%) showed excellent results, 24 (49%) good, 4 (8%) fair, and 2 (4%) poor. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head was found in 4 cases (8%) and heterotopic ossification in 15 cases (30.6%). No death and infection were found in this series. CONCLUSIONS: According to our experience, accurate analysis of fractures preoperatively, reasonable surgical approaches and timing of surgery are essential to good treatment of acetabular fractures.

Acetabulum↗

PubMed1999

[Clinical practice of spherical allogeneic biological membranous implant in the eye socket].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of implantation of spherical allogeneic biological material implant after eyeball enucleation. METHODS: A spherical allogeneic biological material implant was implanted in the eye socket after eyeball enucleation in 50 cases including stage I in 48 cases and stage II in 2 cases. RESULTS: After operation, the motility of installed artificial eyes was good in 49 cases, the orbit and eyelids were full in all the cases. In the follow-up of 4 - 24 months (mean, 8 months), the conjunctival wound and muscular tissue were adherent firmly to the biological material, and there were no postoperative infection, no dislocation and shift of the implant. CONCLUSION: The spherical allogeneic biological membranous implant is an ideal material for the implantation in the eye socket after enucleation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of primary carcinoma of female peritoneum].

OBJECTIVE: Histogenesis and morphological features of 6 primary carcinomas of female peritoneum were studied. METHODS: H&E staining, histochemical stainings and immunohistochemical stainings were used. RESULTS: Among 6 primary carcinomas there were 4 cases of serous papillary carcinomas, 1 case of endometrioid carcinoma and 1 case of transitional cell carcinoma. CONCLUSION: Primary carcinomas of the female peritoneum were histologically identical to that of the similar epithelial carcinomas arising from the ovaries. The diagnosis was made only when the ovaries are not involved and without no any evidence of similar epithelial carcinoma obtained in the ovaries, uterus or urinary organs. These tumors are considered arising from the secondary Mullerian system. D-PAS and CEA staining are helpful as the accessory criteria for the differential diagnosis between primary carcinoma of the peritoneum and malignant mesothelioma.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[RAPD analysis of germplasm in "baizhi"].

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the germplasm in Baizhi. METHOD: Using 12 random primers, over seventeen individuals' RAPD were detected in four populations from wild Baizhi (Angelica dahurica), Qi Baizhi and Hang Baizhi. RESULTS: A total of 40 loci were amplified, 26 of which were polymorphism(65%). The PPS values of Hang Baizhi and Qi Baizhi indicate their low levels of genetic diversity. According to the RAPDinstance analysis, the genetic distance(0.16) between Qi Baizhi and Hang Baizhi is shorter than that of the individuals of the populations of Qi Baizhi and Hang Baizhi, and all of these genetic distances are shorter than those between wild Baizhi and Hang Baizhi(Qi Baizhi). CONCLUSION: Hang Baizhi- and Qi Baizhi belong to the same taxon, which is different from the wild Baizhi.

Angelica↗

PubMed1999

[Studies on variations of alkaloids in zhebeimu (Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.) by improved colormetric determination].

OBJECTIVE: To find out the seasonal variation of active alkaloids in Zhebeimu(F. thunbergii) collected from Zhejiang Ninbo and Jiangsu Nantong, and confirm the suitable harvesting time for the crude drug. METHOD: Determining the alkaloid contents in the samples of Zebeimu collected monthly from the above-said twoplaces by improved colormetric method. RESULT: The alkaloid accumulation patterns of the samples from two places are very similar, with the highest contents appearing in samples collected in January of February, and the absolute amounts in samples harvested in May. CONCLUSION: The optimum time for harvesting Zhebeimu is in May.

Alkaloids↗

PubMed1999

[Analysis of the genetic relationship among the three types of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)].

OBJECTIVE: Discussing the discordance in purchasing and utilizing a new type of Trichosanthes kirilowii called "Niuxin-gualou" from Shandong Province. METHOD: The genetic relationship among the three types of T. kirilowii including "Ren-gualou", "Tang-gualou" and "Niuxin-gualou" from Shandong was analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD). RESULTS: Among the three types studied, the genetic distance is the smallest between "Niuxin-gualou" and "Ren-gualou", and the largest between "Niuxin-gualou" and "Tang-gualou". CONCLUSION: "Niuxingualou" is genetically more similar to "Ren-gualou".

DNA, Plant↗

PubMed1999

[Influence of intravenous-immunoglobulin on T lymphocyte subsets, NK cell and some cytokines in mice with experimental viral myocarditis].

This study sought to gain an insight into the immunological pathogenesis of viral myocarditis and the mechanism of therapeutic action of intravenous-immunoglobulin (IVIG) on the disease, BALB/c mice were randomized into four groups: normal control group; "myocarditis model group", inoculated intraperitoneally with CVB3; "IVIG protection group", injected intraperitoneally with CVB3 and IVIG; and "IVIG treatment groups", injected intraperitoneally with CVB3 and IVIG. The amount of T cell in different T cell subsets and the activities of NK cell, IL-1 and IL-2 were assayed using spleen specimen while peripheral blood was used to measure TNF activity. The results showed: that in comparison with normal control, all spleen T cell subsets decreased in amount in myocarditis model group, so did its NK cell activity while its IL-1, IL-2 and TNF activities increased significantly. When compared with myocarditis model group, however, both IVIG protection group and IVIG treatment group showed significant elevation of NK cell activity and T cell subsets but reduced IL-1, IL-2 and TNF activities with no remarkable change in T cell subsets. The results of suggest that the immunological injury mediated by T cells plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis. The protective and therapeutic effects of IVIG on the murine CVB3 myocarditis and the related immunological evidence of its actions may indicate the prospect that IVIG will become a potent and safe treatment for viral myocarditis in human.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[An approach to some problems on utilization of medicinal plant resource in China].

OBJECTIVE: To provide some reference for the research on the utilization of medicinal plant resources. METHOD: Based on a review of the achievements in utilizing medicinal plant resources, three aspects were discussed: the utilization and conservation of the endangered and rare medicinal plants; the research on the authenticity and superiority of medicinal plants; and the quality control and evaluation of medicinal plants. RESULTS: Although great achievements have been made, some problems still exist. CONCLUSION: The research on the development and utilization of medicinal plant resources has broad prospects.

Conservation of Natural Resources↗