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Biomedical subjects

M W Ross

Publications and source records attributed to M W Ross.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Communications and boundaries of the middle carpal and carpometacarpal joints in horses.

To study communications and boundaries of the middle carpal and carpometacarpal joints of the horse, 50 forelimbs were obtained from fresh cadaver specimens. Blue latex solution (20 +/- 2.5 ml) was injected into the middle carpal joint, and the specimens were frozen in extension. Frozen specimens were cut into 1-cm sagittal sections from the middle of the radius to the middle of the metacarpus. The communications between the middle carpal and carpometacarpal joints and the presence, length, and position of the distopalmar outpouchings of the carpometacarpal joint were recorded. The middle carpal and carpometacarpal joints always communicated between os carpale III (C3) and os carpale IV (C4). An additional communication between the joints existed in 17 (34%) of the specimens, 10 on the palmar aspect of C4, and 3 on the palmar aspect of os carpale II (C2). When os carpale I (C1) was present (n = 5), communication between C1 and C2 was observed in 4 of the 5 specimens. In all specimens, medial and lateral distopalmar outpouchings of the carpometacarpal joint were observed and were located between the axial surface of os metacarpale II (MC2) and os metacarpale IV (MC4) and the abaxial surface of the suspensory ligament. There was no significant difference between the lengths of the lateral (2.3 +/- 0.54 cm) or medial (2.6 +/- 0.75 cm) distopalmar outpouchings. Small extensions from the distopalmar outpouchings were seen and extended axially into the fibers of the suspensory ligament or between the suspensory ligament and the distal accessory ligament of the deep digital flexor tendon.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Nasal obstruction caused by cystic nasal conchae in cattle.

Four Holstein heifers were found to have partial nasal obstruction caused by bilateral cystic conchae. Three of the heifers (age range, 4 to 6 months) had a history of progressive nasal obstruction since near birth, were affected severely, and required surgical management. Each of 2 surgical procedures, a bilateral dorsolateral nasal flap approach and a dorsal nasal flap approach, was used successfully. The fourth heifer, which was 15 months old, had signs of nasal obstruction since shortly after birth, but was affected only mildly and was not treated. Follow-up information obtained 10 to 37 months later revealed that all cattle were considered normal and had no signs of nasal obstruction. In each case, a developmental problem or malformation of the ventral nasal concha resulting in cystic enlargement was suspected. The onset of clinical signs early in life and the bilateral nature suggested that the defect was of congenital origin.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1986

Social and behavioral aspects of male homosexuality.

This article describes some of the social and behavioral aspects of homosexual life styles, with particular reference to their implications for diagnosis, treatment, and continuing medical management. The cultural, psychologic, and sexual variables that may necessitate varying the management of homosexual or bisexual men compared with heterosexual men are emphasized. Areas of psychosomatic involvement, and the influence of social support and stigmatization on presentation and response, are also discussed.

Attitude↗
PubMed1986

The evaluation of illness behaviour and exaggeration of disability.

The evaluation of illness behaviour can be complicated by subjective influences in either the patient or the clinician; these often arise in the evaluation of persons seeking compensation for injuries in which the symptoms are apparently exaggerated. The present study attempts to assess the usefulness of the CE Scale in determining the degree of conscious exaggeration by compensation claimants. Comparisons were made between psychiatrists' clinical evaluations of claimants and the scores obtained on this scale. The relationship between these two measures was found to be significant at the 1% level and specificity and sensitivity for less than 25% exaggeration on psychiatrists rating with a CE Scale cut-off of 11.69% and 100% respectively: for less than 34% exaggeration, they were 88% and 83%.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Normal motility of the cecum and right ventral colon in ponies.

To study the normal motility of the cecum and right ventral colon (RVC) in 3 mature Shetland ponies, a 6-part, indwelling, intraluminal catheter system was used to measure intraluminal pressure changes. Three catheters were placed in the cecum at 10, 25, and 40 cm from the cecocolic orifice, and 3 catheters were placed in the RVC at 10, 20, and 30 cm from the cecocolic orifice. Recordings were made during the interdigestive period beginning 2 weeks after surgical operation was done. Frequent, low-amplitude peaks (0.35 +/- 0.13 coordinated peaks/min) were seen involving the cecal body and caudal cecal base, which represented a haustra-to-haustra mixing pattern. Coordinated pressure peaks originated in the cecal body and progressed to the cranial cecal base (0.07 +/- 0.01/min) or originated in the cranial cecal base and progressed to the cecal body (0.07 +/- 0.04/min). Associated with a loud rush of ingesta heard on transabdominal auscultation and progression of liquid ingesta confirmed with barium contrast radiography, there was a series of coordinated, progressive pressure peaks which originated in the cecal body, sequentially involved the cecal base, traversed the cecocolic orifice, and extended into the RVC (0.36 +/- 0.05/min). It seemed that a pacemaker region existed in the cecal body and initiated the important aborally propagated progressive pattern responsible for the transit of ingesta from the cecum to the RVC. A separate mechanism for the transit of gas was not identified. In the RVC, infrequent, nondirectional, low-amplitude segmental pressure peaks (0.12 +/- 0.06/min), and aborally progressive coordinated pressure peaks originating at the beginning of the RVC (0.09 +/- 0.02/min), occurred.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Cecal perforation in the horse.

The case records of 23 horses with cecal perforation (CP) were reviewed. The horses averaged 4.5 years of age (6 weeks to 13 years) and included 9 intact males, 12 mares, and 2 geldings. Twelve of the horses were Standardbreds, 9 were Thoroughbreds, and 1 each, a Belgian and Morgan. The horses were allotted to 2 groups: group I-13 hospitalized horses in which CP occurred unexpectedly, and group II-10 horses with CP at the time of admission. The horses characteristically had been sick or affected with disease unrelated to the cecum. Sixteen horses had been given nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs before the onset of CP. Twelve of the 13 hospitalized patients (group I) had vague, scarcely recognizable clinical signs of gastrointestinal disease before CP. The clinical signs and clinical laboratory changes that appeared in affected horses were identifiable with severe endotoxin shock, secondary to peritoneal contamination with ingesta and bacteria. All horses died. At necropsy of the horses, the cecum was large and firm and was filled with ingesta, and the colon was empty; however, in 1 postpartum mare, the cecum and colon contained the usual amount of ingesta and were normal in size. In all horses, a single perforation was present, which appeared at various sites. The most common was a transverse perforation along the ventral aspect of the cecal body. Gross and microscopic examinations uncovered no existing disease near the perforation site or in other areas of the cecal wall or cecocolic orifice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Characteristics of homosexual men who donate blood.

A number of demographic, psychological, medical, immunological and haematological indices, as well as sexual practices and partner numbers, were investigated in 97 homosexual men in Adelaide. A comparison of blood donors with non-donors among these men showed that the donors were younger, spent more time in the homosexual subculture, maintained a stable blood-donation pattern, and were significantly less likely to have had a sexually transmitted disease. Donors contacted their sexual partners in non-anonymous settings more frequently than did non-donors.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Consequences of decriminalization of homosexuality: a study of two Australian states.

A comparison between homosexual males in two Australian states, Victoria (prior to decriminalization of homosexuality) and South Australia (eight years after decriminalization), indicated that the consequences of decriminalization did not include an increase in the negative aspects of homosexuality, such as public solicitation or sexually transmitted disease. Findings suggest that as a consequence of decriminalization, the psychological adjustment of homosexual men will increase and sexually transmitted diseases and public solicitation will decrease. These data are tentatively interpreted as indicating that there are few if any negative consequences of decriminalizing homosexuality, and a number of positive consequences.

Adult↗