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M W Jones

Publications and source records attributed to M W Jones.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Statistical prediction of the optimal site for thalamotomy in parkinsonian tremor.

Stereotactic lesions in the thalamus for treatment of parkinsonian tremor are often made at the location where neurons fire at approximately tremor frequency (tremor cells). Some of these cells show a large amount of activity at tremor frequency and are significantly correlated with electromyographic activity (EMG) during tremor. Our analysis of cellular location identifies a cluster of neurons showing activity characterized both by concentration of power at tremor frequency and by significant correlation with EMG. In a retrospective analysis of results in 15 patients, lesions placed within 2 mm of the center of this cluster were uniformly effective in relieving tremor. Therefore, a small lesion targeting this cluster is effective in treatment of parkinsonian tremor.

Brain Mapping↗
PubMed1995

Interactions between metabotropic and ionotropic glutamate receptor agonists in the rat spinal cord in vivo.

Microelectrophoretic application of the non-selective metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) agonist (1S,3R)-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid [(1S,3R)-ACPD] and the group I selective mGluR agonist (RS)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine [(RS)-3,5-DHPG] potentiated the responses of rat spinal neurones to the cyclically-ejected ionotropic excitatory amino acid (EAA) agonists NMDA, AMPA and kainate in vivo. Potentiation was not selective between the three ionotropic responses and was paralleled by an enhancement of background activity in spontaneously active cells. "Correcting" spike count data for this increase in background activity showed that the EAA responses were not potentiated beyond the apparent enhancement of cell excitability. Neither mGluR agonist produced potentiation when NMDA/AMPA cycling was superimposed on background discharge held constant with kainate. It is concluded that potentiation produced by both (1S,3R)-ACPD and (RS)-3,5-DHPG is secondary to an enhancement of cell excitability rather than being due to a specific interaction with ionotropic EAA receptors. The mechanism of excitability enhancement cannot be determined by extracellular recording, but group I mGluRs are most likely to be responsible.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1995

Adenosarcoma of the uterine cervix: a clinicopathological study of 12 cases.

The clinical and pathologic features of 12 cervical adenosarcomas from the files of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology are described. The patients ranged in age from 13 to 67 years (mean 37). The majority (58%) presented with abnormal bleeding. All tumors were located in the cervix and consisted of soft, tan, polypoid or papillary masses ranging in size from 1.5 to 4.5 cm. Microscopically, they showed a biphasic pattern with mesenchymal and epithelial components. There was a characteristic stromal condensation below the epithelial surface and around glandular structures. The cytologic atypia of stromal cells was 1+ in three, 2+ in five, and 3+ in four. The mitotic activity ranged from four to 28 (mean 7.0) mitotic figures per 10 high-power fields. One neoplasm contained cartilage and one striated muscle. Myometrial invasion was present in three. Treatment consisted of hysterectomy in nine patients and excisional biopsy in three. Two patients received radiotherapy; one before surgery and the other after hysterectomy. Two were treated with chemotherapy. Follow-up ranged from 9 months to 18.8 years. Nine patients were alive and well with no evidence of recurrent tumor at postoperative intervals of 0.8-18.8 years. One patient died 1 year after diagnosis with intraabdominal metastasis. One developed a recurrent tumor. This study demonstrates a favorable prognosis for patients with cervical adenosarcoma. Similar to patients with uterine adenosarcoma, prognosis is mostly affected by the presence of deep myometrial invasion.

Adenosarcoma↗
PubMed1995

Clinicopathologic study of 28 uterine leiomyosarcomas with metastasis.

Twenty-eight smooth muscle tumors of the uterine corpus that exhibited metastasis were studied to determine gross and microscopic features associated with metastasis and potential for metastasis. Seventeen of 28 patients were advanced stage at initial diagnosis, and the other 11 patients developed metastases 3 months to 9 years later. Seventy-nine percent of tumors occurred in women 50 years or older. Size was a feature of metastatic capability, as 22 tumors were larger than 5 cm. Of the six neoplasms smaller than 5 cm, five had increased mitotic activity and cytologic atypia to qualify them as sarcomas. The remaining one with four mitotic figures (MF) per 10 high-power fields (HPF) and 1+ atypia had infiltrative margins and vascular invasion that probably accounted for its aggressive behavior. Sixteen cases were composed predominantly of spindle cells, 10 were epithelioid, and two were myxoid. Cytologic atypia was a prerequisite for metastasis as it was present in all. On a scale of 3, 12 were nuclear grade 3, 15 were grade 2, and one was grade 1. The average mitotic activity was 14 MF/10 HPF, and 86% had > 4 MF/10 HPF. Of the five leiomyosarcomas with low mitotic activity (fewer than 5 MF/10 HPF), three were the spindle cell variety, one was epithelioid, and one was myxoid. An epithelioid cell type occurred in 39% of tumors and is a feature that identifies a neoplasm capable of metastasis, even with low mitotic activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Bilateral patellar tendon rupture secondary to repeated local steroid injections.

A case is reported of bilateral patellar tendon rupture in a fit man after a fall. He had a history of repeated local steroid injections into both tendons and histology confirmed steroid-induced changes. The history of repeated local steroid administration has to be implicated as the cause of this extremely rare injury in this patient, which can also be associated with hyperparathyroidism, systemic lupus erythematosus, diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. All doctors performing repeated local steroid injections into the patellar tendon should be aware of the possible dangers of inducing tendon rupture and should ensure that the steroids are not delivered into its substance.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Coexistence of nipple duct adenoma and breast carcinoma: a clinicopathologic study of five cases and review of the literature.

The simultaneous occurrence of nipple duct adenoma (NDA) and carcinoma in the same breast is rare and generally considered an incidental finding. Five examples of such concurrent lesions are reported. The patients ranged in age from 48 to 70 y, and they all presented with a palpable mass that was subareolar in three and in the lower inner quadrant in two women. The presence of distorted nipple with discharge in two patients and nipple erosion in another had raised the possibility of Paget's disease clinically. Microscopically, an infiltrating duct carcinoma was present in four women and an intraductal carcinoma in the fifth--all along with a NDA. Two of the invasive carcinomas were adjacent to the NDA and immediately beneath the surface epithelium of the nipple; the NDA in one of these had atypical intraductal hyperplasia. Three women had mastectomy and axillary node dissection, two had excisional biopsy only. Follow-up was available in four women and ranged from 1.5 to 8 y. One of these women developed metastasis and died 8 y postdiagnosis; the remaining three are alive and well. In at least three cases, the invasive carcinoma was not suspected clinically, and the initial procedure was done because of symptomatology secondary to the NDA.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1993

Well-differentiated villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix: a clinicopathological study of 24 cases.

We reviewed the clinical and pathological features of 24 cases of well-differentiated villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. The patients' ages ranged from 27 to 54 years, with an average age of 37. At least 15 patients were taking oral contraceptive prior to diagnosis, compared to five of 18 in a control group of patients with various other histologic types of cervical adenocarcinoma. All of the neoplasms were exophytic polypoid lesions with thick or thin papillae lined by endocervical, endometrial or intestinal-type epithelium showing mild cytologic atypia. Ten were associated with adenocarcinoma in situ, eight with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and one with microglandular hyperplasia. All tumors were confined to the cervix. Five patients were treated by excisional biopsy or cone biopsy, four by simple hysterectomy with prior or subsequent radiation therapy, and 15 by radical hysterectomy. All patients are alive and well, with no evidence of recurrent disease. The follow-up ranged from 7 to 77 months, with a mean of 36 months.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Diamond-like carbon as biological compatible material for cell culture and medical application.

Ion beam assisted diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have been used for growing the human hematopoietic myeloblastic ML-1 cells and human embryo kidney 293 cells in the control environment. DLC films were directly deposited onto the P-35 plastic dishes by impacting the high kinetic energy (1000 eV) of methane ions at room temperature. The present results showed that both ML-1 and HEK 293 cells continuously grow with and without DLC films. It has demonstrated that human cells proliferated on DLC film with very high viability and DLC material had no toxicity to cultured human ML-1 and HEK 293 cells. We conclude that DLC film is a biological compatible material for potential cell culture matrix and bio-medical applications.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1992

Fibrosarcoma-malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the breast. A clinicopathological study of 32 cases.

We report the clinical and pathologic features of 32 sarcomas of the breast with features spanning the spectrum of fibrosarcomas-malignant fibrous histiocytomas. Neoplasms were categorized as high- or low-grade lesions depending on a combination of the degrees of atypia and mitotic activity. The majority of high-grade lesions had marked (3+) nuclear atypia and at least five mitotic figures per 10 hpf. High-grade lesions with moderate (2+) nuclear atypia had a mitotic activity of six or more mitotic figures per 10 hpf. All low-grade lesions had five or fewer mitotic figures per 10 hpf, and none had a score of the nuclear grade times mitotic figures of more than 10. The average mitotic activity in low-grade lesions was two mitotic figures per 10 hpf; the high-grade lesions had 12 mitotic figures per 10 hpf. Sixty-nine percent of the low-grade fibrosarcomas-malignant fibrous histiocytomas showed mild (1+) cytologic atypia, and 69% of the high-grade lesions showed severe (3+) cytologic atypia. The herringbone pattern was associated with a more favorable prognosis than the malignant fibrous histiocytoma pattern. Compared to the high-grade lesions, low-grade fibrosarcomas-malignant fibrous histiocytomas were slow-growing, produced fewer recurrences, and did not metastasize. Of the 16 women with low-grade lesions, all were free of tumor at last contact, despite recurrence in more than half of the patients. In contrast, 31% of the patients with high-grade lesions died of tumor, and 13% were alive with disease. Twenty-five percent of women with high-grade lesions developed distant metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Hoarseness after tracheal intubation.

The reported incidence of hoarseness following short-term tracheal intubation varies widely. It has been reported as being permanent in 3%. This suggests that an enormous problem exists considering the numbers of patients intubated daily in the United Kingdom. A prospective study of 235 adult patients undergoing general anaesthesia in a district general hospital included 167 patients whose tracheas were intubated. Of these 167, 54 (32%) complained of hoarseness postoperatively. All but five returned to normal within 7 days. The others were hoarse for 9, 10, 12, 54 and 99 days. Those who were hoarse for 54 and 99 days had vocal cord granulomata. Regression analyses showed that certain patient and anaesthetic factors had a significant effect on the hoarseness. This study confirms a low incidence of prolonged or permanent hoarseness following short-term tracheal intubation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Detection of toxic viral-associated double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in influenza-infected lung.

While many of the molecular events in viral replication are well studied, the molecular mechanisms by which viral infections trigger such constitutional symptoms as fever and 'malaise' are unknown. The hypothesis that these viral constitutional symptoms can be triggered by the toxic action of dsRNA associated with viral replication was investigated. Total lung RNA from mice acutely infected with PR8 influenza virus, but not from sham-infected mice, was shown to induce fever and altered sleep (excess slow-wave sleep, enhanced amplitudes of electroencephalographic slow waves, and reduced rapid eye movement sleep) when injected into the rabbit brain. Viral-associated dsRNA was shown to be responsible for the rabbit responses by differential nuclease digestion. Influenza viral dsRNA was directly demonstrated in the active lung RNA preparations by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction techniques. The time course of the responses paralleled those seen in the same model inoculated with nanogram quantities of the synthetic dsRNA polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid and suggested that they were mediated by induced cytokines. A model for the role of viral-associated dsRNA in eliciting both local cytotoxicity and viral constitutional symptoms is presented.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Hamartomas of the breast.

The clinical and pathologic findings of 17 hamartomas of the breast were studied. All neoplasms were evident as clinically and mammographically discrete masses. The pathologic findings were varied and included circumscribed fibrocystic disease, adenolipoma, fibroadenoma with fat and fibroadenoma with lobules. The heterologous elements identified were cartilage and smooth muscle. All lesions were treated by simple excision. In this study, four different microscopic patterns of hamartoma are described and the necessity for a close clinicopathologic correlation is pointed out in the diagnosis of this lesion.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal Ab B72.3 in benign and malignant breast disease.

A variety of benign and malignant breast lesions were evaluated for their reactivity with the monoclonal antibody B72.3. The lesions included invasive duct carcinoma (15 cases), apocrine carcinoma (18 cases, nine invasive and nine in situ lesions), well-differentiated (tubular) carcinoma (15 cases), invasive lobular carcinoma (10 cases) and lobular neoplasia (10 cases), intraductal hyperplasia (nine cases), atypical intraductal hyperplasia (eight cases), intraductal carcinoma (15 cases), sclerosing adenosis (15 cases), and apocrine metaplasia (24 cases). Only 20% of the invasive ductal carcinomas and 27% of the intraductal carcinomas showed a positive reaction for B72.3. Ten percent of the lobular neoplasias and 25% of the invasive lobular carcinoma reacted with B72.3. None of the 15 tubular carcinomas or the 15 cases of sclerosing adenosis reacted. One of eight examples of atypical intraductal hyperplasia (12.5%) showed a positive reaction, but none of the nine intraductal hyperplasias reacted with B72.3. The most consistently positive results were observed in cases displaying apocrine metaplasia. A positive reaction was observed in 23 of the 24 cases of apocrine metaplasia (96%) and 17 of 18 cases of apocrine carcinoma (94%). Thus we conclude that B72.3 is neither specific nor sensitive for the detection of malignant breast lesions. However, it does appear to be a valuable marker for the presence of apocrine differentiation, which is not a known precursor of carcinoma.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗