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Biomedical subjects

M W Davis

Publications and source records attributed to M W Davis.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Neutropenia in an extremely premature infant treated with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.

Neutropenia in the newborn is often associated with sepsis, maternal hypertension, or prematurity. We describe a 654-g infant born at 30 weeks' gestation by cesarean section due to severe maternal hypertension. His course was complicated by five episodes of sepsis, including three with group B streptococcus. The results of hematologic and immunologic studies were normal except that absolute neutrophil counts were low (less than 1 x 10(9)/L) with intermittent increases during sepsis. Human recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor administered subcutaneously (10 micrograms/kg per day initially) resulted in an absolute neutrophil count of greater than 30 x 10(9)/L within 2 weeks. The dosage was lowered and the absolute neutrophil counts were maintained at 8 to 12 x 10(9)/L with no further septic episodes. The human recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor therapy was discontinued after 7 months, and the patient remained healthy with an absolute neutrophil count of greater than 2 x 10(9)/L. Thus, treatment with human recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor may be useful as a temporary measure for neonatal neutropenia associated with sepsis. A controlled, clinical trial is warranted.

Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor↗
PubMed1990

Impact of active immunisation against enteritis necroticans in Papua New Guinea.

Enteritis necroticans, known locally as pigbel, has been a major cause of illness and death among children in the highlands of Papua New Guinea. After a successful trial of active immunisation against the beta toxin of the causative organism, Clostridium perfringens type C, immunisation of children was begun in 1980. The effects of the immunisation programme on pigbel admissions in 3 of the 5 major highland hospitals were assessed. In each of the centres studied the proportion of admissions due to enteritis necroticans dropped significantly after immunisation was introduced (p less than 0.001) and hospital admissions for pigbel in 1984-86, when immunisation was well established, were less than one fifth of previous figures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

A review of pigbel (necrotising enteritis) in Papua New Guinea, 1961-1984.

Pigbel has been recognised as a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the Papua New Guinea Highlands for over 20 years. The clinical features, epidemiology and pathogenesis of this disease have been elucidated, leading to the development of an effective vaccine (Clostridium perfringens type C beta toxoid) for the prevention of pigbel.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Patterns of proteoglycan degradation by a neutral protease from human growth-plate epiphyseal cartilage.

The hypothesis is widely held that proteolytic degradation of proteoglycans in the lower hypertrophic zone of the growth plate may be involved in the initiation of mineralization in the zone of provisional calcification. However, a neutral protease that is responsible for the degradation of proteoglycans in the growth plate has not been identified, isolated, and characterized. In the work reported here, neutral protease activity in the growth plate is demonstrated for the first time, and some of the properties of the enzyme are described. Proteoglycans subunits were prepared from bovine nasal cartilage and calf costal cartilage by equilibrium density-gradient centrifugation under dissociative conditions. The proteoglycan subunits were labeled with 14C-formaldehyde. Homogenates from human growth plates were examined for neutral protease activity using the proteoglycan subunits as substrates. Following incubation of the proteoglycan subunits with growth-plate homogenates at pH 5.3 and at pH 7.5 in the presence and absence of ten-millimolar magnesium chloride and calcium chloride, the digestion products were examined by gel chromatography on Sepharose-2B and 6B columns. Column eluants containing proteoglycan-subunit degradation products were monitored for uronic acid, hexose, and radio-activity. Maximum extensive degradation of proteoglycan subunits occurred at pH 7.5 in the presence of ten-millimolar magnesium chloride and calcium chloride.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Ski injuries.

A group of 147 injuried skiers seen in the emergency room of a midwestern hospital was studied. There were almost twice as many males as females, and lower-extremity injuries outnumbered upper-extremity injuries two to one. Leg injuries tended to occur in beginners whose bindings failed to release. Upper-extremity injuries were prevalent in better skiers whose bindings released properly. Frequent binding checks only slightly improved the likelihood of proper binding function.

Adolescent↗