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M Vogt

Publications and source records attributed to M Vogt.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Immune response to a single dose of a novel kind of hepatitis A vaccine following splenectomy].

BASIC PROBLEM AND OBJECTIVE: The immune response to parenteral antigens is reduced in persons without spleen. The seroconversion rate was measured after application of a new type of vaccine against hepatitis A (immunopotentiating reconstituted influenza virus virosome [IRIV]) in patients who had undergone a splenectomy after trauma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 26 patients (23 men and 3 women, mean age 34.9 +/- 9.7 [25-65] years) with anti-hepatitis A virus (HAV) antibody titres < 20 mIU/ml (maximally 17 mIU/ml) were given a single dose of 0.5 ml of the IRIV hepatitis A vaccine 1 to 14 (mean 9.4) years after splenectomy. Immediately after the immunisation and 14 and 28 days afterwards anti-HAV titres were determined. A titre rise to < 20 mIU/ml was counted as seroconversion. At the first and last titre measurement immunoglobulins, neopterin and beta-microglobulin levels were also measured as additional markers. RESULTS: The seroconversion rate was 69.2% (18/26) after 14 days (geometric titre mean: 39 mIU/ml) and rose to 88.5% (23/26) after 28 days (geometric titre mean 74 mIU/ml). Seroconversion occurred in the three nonresponders after a second dose of the vaccine. All measurements of the immunological markers were within normal limits. CONCLUSION: A single dose of a new type of vaccine against hepatitis A confers adequate protection even in those persons who had a splenectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Apoptosis and immunohistochemical bcl-2 expression in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas. Aspects of carcinogenesis and prognostic significance.

BACKGROUND: The bcl-2 oncoprotein confers a survival advantage to cells by inhibiting programmed cell death (PCD) or apoptosis. Overexpression of bcl-2 probably plays a role in colorectal carcinogenesis. The aims of our study were to determine bcl-2 expression and PCD index in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas in correlation with p53 expression, Ki-67 index, and histopathology, and to test their prognostic significance in patients with colorectal carcinomas. METHODS: Immunohistologic staining for bcl-2 (MoAb clone 124), the proliferation-associated Ki-67 antigen (MoAb MIB1), and p53 (MoAb DO1) was performed on archival material from 44 colorectal adenomas and 95 adenocarcinomas (TNM classifications pT2 and -3, pN0, and M0). The PCD was visualized by enzymatic detection of DNA fragmentation. RESULTS: bcl-2 was expressed in 86% of the adenomas and 67% of the carcinomas. Mean PCD and Ki-67 rates were 1.7 +/- 0.14% and 35 +/- 13% in adenomas and 1.9 +/- 0.15% and 28 +/- 14% in carcinomas, respectively. In carcinomas, bcl-2 expression was correlated with a low PCD index (< 1.5%; P = 0.005). Furthermore, a high Ki-67 index (> or = 25%) was associated with a high PCD index (> or = 1.5%; P < 0.0001). p53 accumulation was seen in 16% of adenomas and in 42% of carcinomas, and did not correlate with bcl-2 expression or PCD index. In the univariate analyses, significantly longer disease free survival intervals were observed in three groups: all patients with bcl-2-positive carcinomas (P < 0.05); the subgroup of carcinomas with bcl-2 expression and low PCD index (P = 0.037); and the subgroup of bcl-2-positive and p53-negative carcinomas (P = 0.021). In the multivariate analysis, however, only tumor stage and p53 expression were independent risk factors for prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that bcl-2 expression is characteristic of the early phase of colorectal carcinogenesis. Its physiologic function as an inhibitor of PCD is preserved in most colorectal carcinomas, whereas p53 is apparently not involved in the regulation of PCD in colorectal neoplasias. bcl-2 expression in colorectal carcinomas is associated with a better clinical course. This correlation became even more evident in the subgroups of patients with carcinomas that also had low PCD index or lacked p53 immunoreactivity.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1996

Thioredoxin as a potent costimulus of cytokine expression.

Reduction/oxidation (redox) processes have been implicated in various biologic processes, including signal transduction, gene expression, and cell proliferation. Thioredoxin is one of the major redox-regulatory molecules which because of its dithiol/disulfide exchange activity determines the oxidation state of protein thiols. In this study, we report that treatment of several cell types with thioredoxin strongly enhances the expression of various cytokines. In monocytic Mono Mac6 cells stimulated with the phorbolester tetradecanoyl phorbolacetate (TPA), thioredoxin was found to augment the expression of TNF at the protein and mRNA levels. In this and other cell lines, such as fibrosarcoma and endothelial cells, thioredoxin also dose-dependently increased the synthesis of IL-6. Treatment of TPA-stimulated Mono Mac6 cells resulted in a strong potentiation of secreted IL-1 bioactivity and expression of IL-1 alpha and IL-8 mRNA. In addition, in TPA-activated Molt-4 T cells, an increased expression of IL-2 and IL-2-specific transcripts was detected. These data demonstrate that cytokine synthesis may be tightly controlled by redox-dependent processes. As thioredoxin is readily secreted and taken up by cells, it may play an important role as a costimulatory molecule involved in immune processes.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Symptom reporting in asthma patients and insulin-dependent diabetics.

In this paper, results from two studies are presented. (1) Sixty-eight diabetics registered their blood glucose levels both as estimated and as measured and they indicated the intensity of 20 symptoms on a symptom checklist. Data were assessed twice a day over a 30-day period. During this period, blood glucose levels decreased slightly, the accuracy of blood glucose estimation improved, and for about half of the subjects specific symptoms could be identified, which covaried closely with blood glucose levels over time. (2) Fifty-three asthmatic patients monitored their peak flow each morning and evening over a period of 30 days. Before measuring peak flow, the patients estimated their peak flow and indicated the intensity of 28 symptoms specific for asthma. For about half of the sample, symptoms were identifiable, which correlated highly with measured peak flow. A substantial increase in the accuracy of estimated peak flow could be observed over time.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Infection of a total knee joint prosthesis by peptostreptococcus micros and propionibacterium acnes in an elderly RA patient: implant salvage with longterm antibiotics and needle aspiration/irrigation.

We describe the favourable long-term outcome after late total knee joint prosthesis infection in an elderly RA patient. Peptostreptococcus micros and Propionibacterium acnes were cultured from the synovial fluid, and the finding of a coexistent abscess at the root of a wisdom tooth suggested a dental origin to the joint infection. Long-term antibiotics in conjunction with aspiration/irrigation resulted in salvage of the implant and an excellent functional outcome.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Hsp70 expression in human skeletal muscle after exercise.

Prolonged exercise of a sufficiently high intensity is thought to create physiological stress and to disturb cellular homeostasis, ultimately inducing cellular adaptations which enable the organism to better deal with any future exercise challenge. Heat shock proteins (hsp) are expressed when cells are exposed to different types of stress. In this study, we have investigated whether the expression of the heat inducible form of hsp70 is increased in human skeletal muscle cells after a single bout of exercise. Five untrained subjects performed an exercise bout at their individual anaerobic threshold for 30 min on a treadmill. Hsp70 mRNA concentration was significantly increased by a factor of four at 4 min post-exercise. Similarly high levels were also observed 30 min and 3 h after the end of exercise. Hsp70 protein concentration, on the contrary, did not change within 3 h after cessation of exercise. Thus, a single exercise bout in humans is able to increase the steady state concentration of hsp70 mRNA, but is probably not sufficient to have an effect on the already high basal level of its protein. The analysis of hsp70 mRNA is potentially useful as a method to detect stress in tissues with a high basal level of heat shock proteins.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Left ventricular mass is linked to cardiac noradrenaline in normotensive and hypertensive patients.

BACKGROUND: Left ventricular hypertrophy constitutes a powerful independent risk factor for heart failure, sudden death and ventricular dysrhythmia. Experimental data suggest that, apart from increased cardiac work load, noradrenaline may be one of the factors triggering myocardial hypertrophy. OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that the extent of left ventricular hypertrophy is coupled to cardiac noradrenaline independently from the magnitude of arterial blood pressure. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Following exclusion of coronary artery disease by cardiac catheterization, cardiac noradrenaline release was measured in relation to left ventricular mass in 25 patients with arterial hypertension (HT), of whom five had left ventricular hypertrophy (HT + LVH) and 20 had normal left ventricular mass (HT - LVH), seven normotensive patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and a normotensive control group (n = 7). Noradrenaline was measured in arterial and coronary venous plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography. Coronary blood flow was quantified using the gas chromatographic argon method. Indices of left ventricular mass were calculated from the end-diastolic thicknesses of the interventricular septum and the posterior wall determined by echocardiography. RESULTS: The coronary venous plasma concentration of noradrenaline was significantly higher in HT - LVH, HT + LVH and HCM than it was in normotensives. Whereas in normotensives there was a net uptake of noradrenaline (17 +/- 10 pmol/min) across the coronary circulation, a net release of noradrenaline was observed in HT - LVH (69 +/- 26 pmol/min), in HT + LVH (121 +/- 55 pmol/min) and in HCM (341 +/- 96 pmol/min). In a multivariate linear regression analysis model, left ventricular mass correlated significantly with the net noradrenaline release rate (r = 0.64, P < 0.001), whereas arterial blood pressure as an additional independent variable did not correlate with left ventricular mass. CONCLUSION: The present data demonstrate that an increased left ventricular mass in normotensive and in hypertensive patients is closely coupled to an increased cardiac sympathetic activity, supporting the need for additional studies to determine whether adjunctive sympatholytic therapy is beneficial in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy and increased cardiac noradrenaline release.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1996

Prognostic significance of p53 expression, chromosome 17 copy number, and DNA ploidy in non-metastasized colorectal carcinomas (stages IB and II).

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Paraffin-embedded tumor tissue from 101 non-metastasized colorectal adenocarcinomas (tumor stages IB and II--that is, pT2 and 3, pN0, M0) was investigated for p53 expression by immunohistology (IH) (moab DO1), chromosome 17 (#17) copy number by interphase cytogenetics using non-radioactive in situ hybridization (NISH) with a centromer-specific DNA probe (D17Z1), and DNA ploidy by flow cytometry (FCM). The aims of the study were 1) to test whether numerical #17 aberrations are involved in functional TP53 loss in locally confined colorectal carcinomas; 2) to search for correlations between aberrant p53 expression and #17 aberrations with DNA ploidy and histopathology; and 3) to test the prognostic significance of these factors. RESULTS: Sixty cases (59.4%) showed nuclear p53 expression IH (low-grade p53 accumulation (< 50%), n = 16 (15.8%); high-grade (> or = 50%), n = 44 (43.6%)). Nish showed #17 aneusomy in 46% of the carcinomas (34% deletions, 12% gains). In FCM analysis, 43% of the carcinomas were DNA non-diploid. p53 overexpression correlated statistically significantly with FCM non-diploidy (p = 0.013). Furthermore, #17 aneusomy also correlated with FCM non-diploidy (p = 0.001). However, there was no association between #17 status and p53 expression (IH). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest a role for the TP53 gene in the aneuploidization process. Numerical deletions of #17, however, were not associated with p53 immunoreactivity in the analyzed tumors. With regard to prognosis, the most important independent variable in stage IB/II colorectal carcinomas was tumor stage, followed by high-grade p53 expression of tumor cells; #17 aneusomy was an independent risk factor for tumor relapse/progression but not for survival. As alterations of the investigated variables were not found in all carcinomas under study, different pathogenetic pathways seem to exist in colorectal carcinogenesis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Role of ICE-related and other proteases in Fas-mediated apoptosis.

Interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme (ICE)-like proteases comprise a novel family of unusual cysteine proteases which have been implicated in programmed cell death in both invertebrates and mammals. Current available evidence indicates a role of ICE proteases as central executioners of apoptosis triggered by the cell surface receptor Fas (APO-l). The presence of multiple mammalian ICE proteases with partially overlapping but distinct activities suggests a complex proteolytic cascade which is induced upon Fas ligation. The precise role of single members of the ICE family in Fas-mediated apoptosis, however, is still unclear. Here, we summarize the present knowledge about the relevance of ICE proteases, their potential targets, and interaction with unrelated proteases in cell death mediated by Fas and other apoptotic stimuli.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1995

Response of hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy and coronary microvascular disease to calcium antagonists.

Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy comprises not only myocyte hypertrophy, but is often associated with interstitial fibrosis and structural alterations of the coronary microcirculation. The consequences are early diastolic dysfunction and often later systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle, resulting in congestive heart failure. Involvement of the coronary resistance vessels leads to an impairment of coronary flow reserve despite normal epicardial arteries. Therefore, antihypertensive treatment should aim at reversing myocyte hypertrophy, restoring myocardial structure, and improvement in coronary flow reserve apart from blood pressure lowering. Many clinical studies have shown that calcium antagonists are effective in lowering blood pressure and can induce regression of left ventricular hypertrophy. Moreover, experimental studies have shown a restoration of myocardial structure. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated a marked improvement of the impaired coronary vasodilator reserve in hypertensive patients after long-term treatment with calcium antagonists. In summary, calcium antagonists can be regarded as an antihypertensive treatment modality that is able to restore myocardial structure and to repair coronary microcirculation and therefore can be considered as causative treatment of hypertensive cardiac remodeling.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1995

Systolic ventricular dysfunction and heart failure due to coronary microangiopathy in hypertensive heart disease.

Left ventricular hypertrophy in arterial hypertension is characterized by myocyte hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, and structural changes of the intramural coronary arteries. Hypertensives with or without left ventricular hypertrophy have a reduced coronary vasodilator reserve due to alterations of the coronary microcirculation. The impairment in coronary vasodilator reserve is likely to initiate a process of malperfusion and malnutrition concomitant with increased metabolic demands. Further, malperfusion is supported by an increase in diastolic filling pressure, which will enhance the extravascular component of coronary resistance. The sum of interactions of these structural alterations of myocardium, interstitium, and coronary vasculature are likely to initiate and maintain a process of myocardial malperfusion and malnutrition, which can provoke functional depression of the myocardial performance, a loss of contractile proteins, an increase in interstitial fibrosis, and, not least, an overall decrease in contractile function in long-standing cardiac hypertrophy. Finally, the reversal of these processes by adequate antihypertensive treatment may contribute to renormalization of cardiac function and to prevention of late cardiac failure in hypertensive heart disease.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1995

[Protection and "preconditioning" of the human heart during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) by intracoronary dipyridamole administration].

BACKGROUND AND AIM: A brief episode of ischemia followed by reperfusion termed "ischemic preconditioning" has been identified as a mechanism rendering the myocardium more resistant to ischemia. Recently adenosine has been identified as an important mediator of ischemic preconditioning. Dipyridamole represents an important drug interfering with myocardial adenosine metabolism by inhibiting its degradation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an intracoronary dipyridamole infusion on the extent and tolerance of myocardial ischemia during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: In the first study group 46 patients undergoing coronary angioplasty were randomised to receive dipyridamole or conventional treatment before PTCA. In the second study group 11 patients were investigated, receiving PTCA of restenosis following PTCA carried out 6 months earlier. RESULTS: In the first group as a striking result patients receiving pretreatment with dipyridamole tolerated longer times of balloon inflations (155.3 +/- 68.9 vs. 93.1 +/- 24.7 s), expressed lower severity of cardiac pain, demonstrated less pronounced ST-segment shifts on the surface ECG and showed a lower incidence of arrhythmias. In the second group the first dilatation had been performed conventionally, while pretreatment with dipyridamole had been performed prior to the dilatation of restenosis. Similar to the findings in the first patient group pretreatment with dipyridamole resulted in enhancement of balloon inflation times, regression in cardiac pain and lower extent of ST-segment shift and incidence of arrhythmias. In both study groups intracoronary application of dipyridamole showed no significant impact on heart rate and arterial blood pressure. CONCLUSION: Summarising our results indicate, that intracoronary application of dipyridamole renders the heart more resistant to ischemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Hypertensive heart disease: cardioreparation by reversal of interstitial collagen in patients.

Impairment of coronary flow reserve in arterial hypertension and hypertrophy is caused by multiple mechanisms. Medial wall thickening of the small intramural arteries and rarification of capillarization are the major structural alterations in hypertensive hypertrophy. Since the small intramural resistance arteries contribute more to coronary resistance than capillaries, medial wall thickening of the intramyocardial arterioles has to be considered the most relevant mechanism for causing impaired coronary flow reserve in arterial hypertension. Additionally, qualitative changes in myocardial tissue composition and structure, such as reactive interstitial fibrosis, rather than the mere augmentation of the myocardial muscle mass, impair flow reserve extravascularly. Except for the structural vascular and myocardial changes, in some hypertensive patients an impaired endothelium-mediated vasodilation of the microvessels occurs. Preliminary clinical data indicate that myocardial interstitial collagen content can be regressed in some hypertensive patients by clinical antihypertensive therapy over a period of 9-12 months.

Capillaries↗
PubMed1995

[Assessment of symptoms in asthma patients].

An important prerequisite for an effective institution of the required medication in asthma patients is the correct assessment of the severity of obstruction on the basis of subjective symptoms. However, empirical data are hardly available to date on the accuracy with which symptoms are reported by asthma patients under everyday conditions. In the present study extending over 30 days entered twice daily in an asthma logbook plus the estimated and measured peak flow. Assessed and measured peak flow showed fair agreement, albeit with high interindividual variation. The accuracy of assessment improved in about one-half of the participants in the study in course of time. There was a particularly marked link between the measured peak flow and those subjective symptoms that characterise obstructive airway disease complaints.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Addison crisis due to bilateral adrenal gland histoplasmosis].

A 44-year-old man was admitted with symptoms compatible with Addison crisis. Abdominal computer tomography revealed extensive bilateral adrenal abscesses. Histoplasma capsulatum was cultured from a needle aspirate. The patient was HIV-seronegative and had no underlying malignancy. He may have acquired the infection during several stays in endemic areas in the United States, South America and Asia. The case was also remarkable for moderate brain atrophy, thrombosis of the portal and splenic veins and liver cirrhosis caused by alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (phenotype MZ). The patient recovered fully under substitution of adrenal hormones and antifungal treatment. He received intravenous amphotericin B (75 mg q24h) for 10 days, followed subsequently by oral treatment with itraconazole (400 mg q24h) over several months. Radiologic follow-up 9 and 18 months later showed a pronounced decrease of the inflammatory adrenal lesions.

Abscess↗
PubMed1994

[Bilateral acute retinal artery necrosis--healing of the second affected eye].

BACKGROUND: The acute retinal necrosis syndrome (ARN) is caused by the Varicella zoster virus or the Herpes simplex virus. However the dosage and duration of the antiviral therapy for prevention of an infection in the second eye or treatment of an infection on an affected fellow eye is still not known. We discuss the timing of a possible steroid treatment and demonstrate in a case report how an acute retinal necrosis syndrome in a fellow eye was successfully treated. PATIENT: First eye: A 27-year-old not immunocompromised patient (HIV-negative) showed 2 months after a febrile state an acute iritis in the right eye. 14 days later an acute retinal necrosis syndrome was observed. The patient received Acyclovir 3 x 750 mg i.v. for 6 days, and afterwards 5 x 200 mg orally for 5 days. The patient developed an inoperable retinal detachment despite therapy. Second eye: Eight days later the fellow eye developed a localized retinal necrosis. Varicella zoster DNA was found in the aqueous humor using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The antiviral therapy with Acyclovir was increased from 1.1 g q 12 h (2 x 15 mg/kg/d) to 1.0 g q 8 h (3 x 12.5 mg/kg/d). After 4 weeks the i.v. therapy was followed by an oral therapy of 5 x 800 mg for 12 weeks. This dosage was reduced to 5 x 400 mg for another 12 weeks. The oral therapy with corticosteroids started on the 11th day with 100 mg Prednisone, in slowly reducing dosage during 18 weeks. The fellow eye recovered fully with a visual acuity of 20/20 after 6 months. CONCLUSION: The disease started in the fellow eye with an acute iritis and a secondary glaucoma. These symptoms can be a characteristic prodroma of an acute retinal necrosis syndrome caused by a varicella zoster- or Herpes simplex virus infection, which was not recognized first. Whether a long-term therapy (as described above) is necessary or not is unclear on the basis of a single case report, but we currently recommend the high-dose treatment regimen until further data emerge.

Acyclovir↗