Biomedical subjects

M Vogel

Publications and source records attributed to M Vogel.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

Left ventricular myocardial mass determined by cross-sectional echocardiography in normal newborns, infants, and children.

Changes in left ventricular muscle mass may be an important diagnostic or prognostic finding in children with congenital heart defects, but there are no data on normal mass as determined by cross-sectional echocardiography (CSE) in children. Fourteen newborns, 12 infants, and 69 children (1.5-17 years old) with a structurally normal heart were studied. End-diastolic and end-systolic volume and mass were calculated from biplane-paired echocardiographic imaging planes-apical two-chamber and apical four-chamber views-using both an area/length and a Simpson's rule geometric method. Data were compared with M-mode measurements. There was a good correlation between area/length and Simpson's rule method [r = 0.94, standard error (SE) 4 g/m2]. To validate the measurements, interobserver data were gathered and end-diastolic and end-systolic mass measurements were compared. Interobserver variability for the measurements on the echocardiographic recordings was low at 4.8%; for end-diastolic mass the correlation between two observers was r = 0.99 (SE 3.3 g/m2) and for end-systolic mass r = 0.97 (SE 7.6 g/m2). Correlation between end-systolic and end-diastolic mass was acceptable (r = 0.88, SE 5.9 g/m2) for the CSE mass determination, but poor for the M-mode measurements (r = 0.51, SE 20.2 g/m2). Similarly, correlation between M-mode mass and mass estimated by CSE was poor, at r = 0.58 for end-diastolic and r = 0.094 for end-systolic mass.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Body Surface Area↗

PubMed1991

[Intrauterine fetal death after strangulation of the umbilical cord by amniotic bands].

The amniotic band sequence includes a number of typical fetal developmental anomalies that appear as disruption, amputation or deformation, dependent on the time of origin of the amniotic bands. In rare cases, amniotic bands can cause intrauterine fetal death by constriction of the umbilical cord. Clinical and pathologic-anatomical findings of two cases of intrauterine fetal death in the 21st and 34th week of gestation after torsion and strangulation of the umbilical cord by amniotic bands are presented.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Is assessment of complications following intra- and extracapsular cataract extraction with lens implantation biased?].

Extracapsular Cataract extraction with implantation of a posterior chamber lens has become the standard procedure in cataract surgery. Excellent results are accomplished with this method. It is remarkable, however, that there are scarcely any data about the rate of complications, e.g. capsular fibrosis with the necessity of YAG-laser-capsulotomy and its sequelae. Similarly, data on decentration of the lens, its consequences and correction are rare. The arguments against ICCE with implantation of a Choyce-Mark-IX anterior chamber lens like higher rate of retinal detachment, cystoid macular edema and corneal decompensation can not be confirmed by us on the basis of prospective clinical studies. With an appropriate operation technique equivalent results can be obtained as in ECCE. The debates about cataract surgery are carried out more on the basis of clinical impressions than on the basis of thorough scientific data. Surgery should not be a matter of "trends".

Bias↗

PubMed1991

Expression of the iap gene coding for protein p60 of Listeria monocytogenes is controlled on the posttranscriptional level.

Expression of the iap gene of Listeria monocytogenes encoding a major extracellular protein (p60) was analyzed. Different start sites for transcription of the iap gene were identified by primer extension analysis in L. monocytogenes and in a recombinant Escherichia coli clone. The mutant RIII of L. monocytogenes represents a member of the frequently occurring L. monocytogenes R mutants, which form cell chains and produce greatly reduced amounts of p60. However, the concentrations of iap-specific mRNA were similar in mutant RIII and the wild-type strain. The introduction of additional copies of the iap gene from wild-type L. monocytogenes led to an equal increase of iap mRNA in both strains, but overexpression of protein p60 was only observed in the wild-type strain. The nucleotide sequences of both iap genes and their 5' noncoding regions were identical in all parts that are essential for efficient transcription of the iap gene, translation of the iap-specific mRNA, and transport of the p60 protein. These data suggest that the expression of the iap gene in L. monocytogenes is controlled on the posttranscriptional level by a specific factor that is defective in mutant RIII.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1991

Candida tropicalis endophthalmitis following penetrating keratoplasty.

A case of Candida tropicalis endophthalmitis following penetrating keratoplasty is presented. The donor was an alcoholic, who died of bronchopneumonia and pancreatitis. We presume the candida infection was transmitted by the donor because Candida tropicalis was cultured in life from the donor's throat swab and corresponding fungal elements were discovered post mortem in kidney sections of the donor.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Responsiveness of raised pulmonary vascular resistance to oxygen assessed by pulsed Doppler echocardiography.

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether changes in Doppler echocardiographic indices in the pulmonary artery correlated with changes in pulmonary vascular resistance. DESIGN: Acceleration time, ejection time, maximal flow velocity, and velocity time integrals were measured at the same time as pressure and oxygen saturation measurements in room air and during 10 minutes of oxygen breathing in the catheterisation laboratory. Pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary blood flow (Qp) were calculated from catheterisation data by use of the Fick principle. PATIENTS: 14 consecutive patients with a congenital heart defect and a left to right shunt associated with raised pulmonary artery pressure who underwent routine diagnostic cardiac catheterisation to assess their pulmonary vascular resistance. RESULTS: Though pulmonary vascular resistance and systolic pulmonary artery pressure fell significantly during oxygen administration, there was no significant change in the acceleration time or ejection time. Peak velocity increased significantly during oxygen administration. During oxygen breathing Doppler derived measurements of pulmonary flow showed a significant increase in Qp similar to the increase in Qp measured by the Fick principle. There was no significant correlation between the fall in pulmonary vascular resistance and the increase in acceleration time or ejection time, increase in peak velocity, increase in pulmonary artery diameter, or increase in Doppler derived pulmonary blood flow. CONCLUSIONS: Measurements of acceleration and ejection time by Doppler echocardiography did not predict the response of pulmonary artery pressure and resistance to oxygen. Though changes in maximal flow velocity across the pulmonary artery and in Doppler derived pulmonary blood flow measurements became significant during oxygen breathing, the correlation of these changes with fall in pulmonary vascular resistance was poor.

Blood Flow Velocity↗

PubMed1991

IgG anti-IgE autoantibodies in immunoregulation.

Human sera contain anti-IgE autoantibodies with diverse biological functions in vitro. Opposite functions can be shown for triggering of IgE-mediated histamine release from human basophils in terms of anaphylactogenic or nonanaphylactogenic autoantibodies. Furthermore, autoantibodies are either capable of removing IgE from the surface of CD23-positive cells of binding more IgE to such cells. A similar dichotomy seems also to exist for the effect of autoantibodies on human IgE mRNA synthesis as well as IL-4-induced proliferation of human mononuclear cells. Thus, anti-IgE autoantibodies may represent a key factor in the manifestation and the development of allergic disease.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗

PubMed1991

Comparison of plateletpheresis with two different cell separators using 100 identical donors.

Plateletpheresis with the cell separator COBE Spectra and Fenwal CS 3000 was compared in 100 identical donors. The Spectra was significantly superior with regard to collection efficiency (53% vs. 42%, p less than .001) and leukocyte contamination of the platelet products (.1 x 10(8) vs. 1.4 x 10(8), p less than .001). Additionally, it offers a selectable volume of the concentrate and a better control of the ACD infusion. The Spectra standard procedure needs more ACD, resulting in more citrate dependent donor reactions (5% vs. 1%). In conclusion, the Spectra system shows a more efficient and pure platelet separation compared with the CS 3000.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Laboratory diagnosis of dermatophytosis: 10 years experience in the western area of Santiago].

From 1979 to 1988, 3890 positive samples for dermatophytes obtained at the Dermatology Service of Hospital San Juan de Dios (Western Santiago area) were analyzed for type of fungus involved and for relative yield of direct examination compared to culture. Direct examination was performed on samples treated with 20% KOH and stained with rhodamine. Cultures were obtained on Agar Sabouraud medium with addition of gentamycin and chloramphenicol. Yield of direct examination was 97.2% compared to 85% for culture. According to anatomic location, M canis was isolated from nearly all cases of T capitis. In cases of T pedis, nail mycosis, crural and palmar infections the most frequent species were T rubrum and T mentagrophytes M canis and T rubrum were responsible for infections of the body.

Arthrodermataceae↗

PubMed1991

[The supinator fat line--its visualization and validity].

Based on 259 lateral x-ray films of the elbows of healthy subjects, the typical forms of the fat plane overlying the supinator muscle were determined. The forms of this plane in 121 patients who had suffered bony lesions in the elbow joint region were juxtaposed to these x-ray images. Measurements of the proximal distance between the fat plane and the extended tangent of the anterior humeral cortex layer revealed that distances of more than 13 mm in children and of more than 18 mm in adults are highly suspicious of a fracture. The good visualisation of the fat plane by means of various imaging methods is appropriately demonstrated.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1991

[The incidence of endemic sprue/celiac disease in Berlin (West). A prospective study with short discussion of a case].

This study was carried out between June 1986 and May 1988 in Berlin (West). In cooperation with 5 Pathological Departments, we prospectively recorded every bioptical diagnosis of total/subtotal villus atrophy (group S) or of partial villus atrophy (group SV). In addition, we registered anamnestic, clinical and laboratory findings from these patients. The diagnosis of coeliac disease was considered verified if the patient showed an unequivocal improvement of his clinical conditions and laboratory findings within three months on a gluten-free diet. In total, 42 patients were registered, among them were 29 with mucosal alterations typical for coeliac disease and 13 whose biopsies showed partial villus atrophy. The diagnosis of coeliac disease could be verified in 28 patients, among them one woman with intestinal lymphoma after longstanding untreated coeliac disease. A second patient with complete villus atrophy had intestinal lymphoma but without preceeding coeliac disease. Our findings show that the incidence of coeliac disease in Berlin is 1 out of 2113 newborn children. This figure is similar to the data reported from France, yet being clearly lower than those from Western Ireland, Switzerland and Sweden. Women are affected twice as often as men. 20 out of 28 patients were children under five years of age. The most common symptoms were meteorism/flatulence, recurrent diarrhea, loss of body weight, or inappropriate growth. 70% of the patients suffered from anaemia, the D-Xylose-test was pathological in 92% of the patients.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Assessment of myocardial perfusion in patients after the arterial switch operation.

In 21 patients who had undergone the arterial switch operation, the adequacy of myocardial perfusion was evaluated by thallium-201 computed scintigraphy 2.6 +/- 2 (0.3-7) yr after surgery. Fourteen patients had undergone the arterial switch procedure after pulmonary artery banding and seven as a primary repair. Isoproterenol stress increased the heart rate by at least 55%. Tomographic imaging was performed at peak stress and 3 hr later in the reperfusion phase. Nine patients had perfusion defects. The perfusion defects were located at the left ventricular apex in four (with extension to the inferolateral wall in one), left ventricular anterolateral wall in two, ventricular septum in one, left ventricular inferior wall in one, and right ventricular free wall in one. Some of these defects could be due to myocardial damage at the time of surgery, but these results also raise concern about long-term adequacy of myocardial perfusion following the arterial switch procedure.

Child↗

PubMed1990

[Morphologic study of iliac crest spongiosa in patients with osteoporosis treated with combination therapy of pulsatile administration of parathyroid hormone (1-38 hPTH) and sequential addition of calcitonin nasal spray].

Seven patients with clinically and histologically proven osteoporosis were treated with intermittent doses of parathyroid hormone fragment (hPTH 1-38) in combination with sequential administration of calcitonin by nasal spray. Iliac crest bone biopsies were taken before and after 14 month of treatment. Under treatment we found a moderate increase in the number of osteoclasts without signs of an increased depth of resorption lacunae.No loss of complete trabeculae due to osteoclastic perforation could be demonstrated. In contrast, we found a drastic increase in the layers of osteoblasts covering osteoid tissue by about 100%. Mineralisation defects or endosteal fibrosis were not present in any case. Mean bone volume (BV/TV) increased under treatment from 12.1% to 16.8% (relative increase of 38%) and was due to a thickening of the individual trabeculae in all seven cases. Considering the small number of patients analysed, the described treatment regimen seems to be efficient on a histological point of view.

Administration, Intranasal↗

PubMed1990

Human IgE mRNA expression by peripheral blood lymphocytes stimulated with interleukin 4 and pokeweed mitogen.

Expression of human IgE mRNA by peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and an IgE-producing myeloma cell line, U-266, was examined by Northern blot hybridization and compared with IgE levels in culture supernatants. A 2.35-kb IgE mRNA was detected in unstimulated atopic PBL and U-266 cells but not in normal PBL, and its levels correlated with IgE protein levels in the supernatant. Upon stimulation with interleukin 4, a new 1.75-kb transcript was revealed in both atopic and normal PBL but not in U-266 cells. Its expression did not correlate with IgE levels in the supernatant. Pokeweed mitogen also induced the expression of the 1.75-kb transcript without concomitant induction of IgE synthesis by normal PBL and even suppressed the spontaneous expression of the 2.35-kb transcript and IgE protein synthesis by atopic PBL. Interferon-gamma, which suppressed both the 2.35-kb transcript and IgE protein production, had no inhibitory effect on the 1.75-kb transcript. Expression of the 1.75-kb transcript was already high after 2 days of stimulation and peaked around day 4. The length of the transcript is smaller than that of mRNA coding for secreted human IgG and IgA and contains all four C epsilon exon sequences, suggesting it might be a truncated transcript without v region and might be a human counterpart of the murine germ-line C epsilon transcript.

Blotting, Northern↗

PubMed1990

Brock transventricular pulmonary valvotomy in patients with pulmonary stenosis: long-term results.

As no long-term results of a blind opening up of the pulmonary valve either by balloon valvoplasty or closed Brock valvotomy have been published, we examined the outcome of 12 patients with valvar pulmonary stenosis 17 +/- 5 (11-22) years after surgery. The Brock valvotomy had been carried out at a mean age of 3 +/- 2.8 (0.2-8.5) years. The mean pressure gradient across the right ventricular outflow tract had been 116 +/- 45 (75-97) mmHg at the catheter study or 106 +/- 43 (40-160) mmHg as measured intraoperatively. The right ventricular pressure after the Brock procedure was measured in the operating room in five patients as 46 +/- 15 (30-60) mmHg. Seven patients had been recatheterized at a mean age of 9.5 +/- 2 (7-12.7) years; at that time the gradient across the pulmonary valve had been 20 +/- 14 (10-37) mmHg. At a mean age of 21.7 +/- 3 (15-26) years these and five further patients were reexamined by echo Doppler. This time the pressure gradient across the pulmonary valve was 13 +/- 6 (7-20) mmHg. Moderate pulmonary incompetence was present in four and mild incompetence in eight patients; two had mild tricuspid insufficiency. All except one patient, who had suffered a cerebrovascular accident before surgery, were in NYHA functional class 1 and pursuing a profession. From these data we conclude that the blind opening-up of the pulmonary valve achieves excellent long-term palliation.

Blood Pressure↗

PubMed1990

Echinococcus multilocularis: characterization of a DNA probe.

A 0.6 kb DNA fragment has been isolated from a genomic sublibrary of the cestode Echinococcus multilocularis. This DNA-fragment showed a strong hybridization signal to 32PdCTP labeled total DNA prepared from E. multilocularis metacestode material. The fragment was subcloned into the Escherichia coli vector Bluescript BS+ resulting in the recombinant plasmid pAL1. The recombinant parasite DNA probe was labeled by biotinylation and hybridized to Southern blots of resolved EcoRI/PstI digested genomic DNA originating from E. multilocularis, E. granulosus and other helminth species (Taenia hydatigena, T. crassiceps, T. saginata, Mesocestoides corti, Hymenolepis diminuta, Moniezia expansa). The Southern blot hybridization experiments revealed that the DNA probe pAL1 was specific for E. multilocularis and E. granulosus. By comparison of the hybridization banding patterns a clear discrimination between E. multilocularis and E. granulosus was possible at the genome level. Furthermore, pAL1 was used to detect genetic variation within a set of different E. multilocularis isolates which had been experimentally maintained in mice by parasite tissue transplantation.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Echocardiographic analysis of regional left ventricular wall motion in normal children and neonates.

Because comprehensive normal data and the effect of observer variability for echocardiographic evaluation of regional left ventricular wall motion are not available in children or newborns, left ventricular wall motion was assessed by measuring regional area change. The study group comprised 55 infants and children with a normal heart: 15 neonates (greater than 1 week to less than 1 month old), 10 infants (greater than 1 month to less than 1 year old) and 30 children, 10 each in the age group greater than 1 year to less than 5 years, greater than 5 to less than or equal to 10 years and greater than 10 years. A combination of parasternal, apical and subcostal two-dimensional echocardiographic views was applied. After planimetry of an end-systolic and end-diastolic frame, the left ventricle was divided into eight equal segments and the percent area change calculated. Both a fixed reference and a floating system correcting for translation and rotation were applied. Intraobserver variability for percent area change measurements was 2.8 +/- 0.9% and 3.8 +/- 1% for observers 1 and 2, respectively. The mean interobserver difference of regional percent area change was 4.7 +/- 1.8%. Normal values for the eight anatomic segments were established in each echocardiographic imaging plane. The overall results were independent of the type of reference system utilized. The subcostal views yielded different results from their parasternal counterparts, probably because of differing imaging planes. These normal values establish a data base in the pediatric age range that can be used to detect abnormal segments in children at risk for developing regional left ventricular wall motion abnormalities.

Aging↗

PubMed1990

Echocardiographic analysis of regional left ventricular wall motion in children after the arterial switch operation for complete transposition of the great arteries.

Regional left ventricular wall motion was assessed by two-dimensional echocardiography in 21 patients with complete transposition of the great arteries at a mean of 2.2 years (range 0.3 to 7) after an arterial switch operation. Fourteen patients had undergone a two-stage and seven patients a primary repair. Twenty patients were found to have echocardiographic images adequate for wall motion analysis. The results of these studies were correlated with thallium-201 myocardial perfusion scans. Left ventricular wall motion was assessed by measuring regional area change in parasternal and apical views. After planimetry of an end-systolic and an end-diastolic frame, the ventricle was divided into eight equal segments and the percent area change was calculated. Both a fixed reference and a floating system correcting for translation and rotation were applied. The measurements in the patient group were compared with normal age-matched values previously obtained in 55 normal infants and children. Wall motion abnormalities, found in seven patients, were located at the apex in three, at the inferior septum and anterolateral wall in one and the inferior, anterolateral and lateral walls in one patient each. All had a myocardial perfusion defect in a corresponding anatomic location. One patient with a small reversible perfusion defect at the basilar septum had normal regional wall motion. The sensitivity of detecting impairment of myocardial perfusion was 0.95. Wall motion abnormalities were found only in patients who had undergone a two-stage repair. Echocardiographic wall motion analysis can be used as a screening method to identify patients with suspected myocardial ischemia after the arterial switch operation.

Child↗