The electromyographic (EMG) examination of 11 normal individuals in whom bipolar fine-wire indwelling electrodes were placed showed no EMG activity during rest periods and only very slight to slight activity during normal oral functionsmduring aberrant oral activity, such as thumb-sucking, the orbicularis oris and genioglossus muscles gave a marked EMG response and the buccinator muscles were slightly active. These findings may help explain the classical malocclusions seen in tongue-thrusters and thumb-suckers.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of free isotonic and maximal isometric contraction exercises of the hip adduction on vastus medialis oblique muscle: an electromyographic study.

The purpose of this study was to analyse the activity of the vastus medialis oblique (VMO) muscle electromyographically during free isotonic and maximal isometric contraction of the hip adduction with knee extension performing exercises at sitting and in decubitus lateralis positions. Using a 8 channels Nicolet Electromyograph and Beckman surface mini electrodes, the activity of the vastus medialis oblique muscle was recorded among 15 healthy subjects, aged 19 to 33 years, (mean = 24.4, SD = 4.1) without prior knee and hip joints pathology. The sign was recorded in root mean square (RMS), expressed in microvolts. The data were statistically calculated employing an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test, at 5% of significance. The results showed that the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the vastus medialis oblique muscle was significantly greater in both exercises of maximal contraction when compared with free isotonic at decubitus lateralis. On the other hand, there was no significant difference of the electromyographic activity of the vastus medialis oblique muscle between the two exercises of maximal isometric contraction. These findings, within the experimental conditions used, suggest that prior stages of patellofemoral dysfunction, the exercises of hip adduction with knee extension could be performed isometrically or isotonically, at sitting and in decubitus lateralis positions, depending on the biological conditions of each patient.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Electromyographic validation of the trapezius and serratus anterior muscles in military press exercises with open grip.

It was studied the trapezius muscle and serratus anterior muscle in 24 male volunteers using a 2-channel TECA TE 4 electromyograph and Hewlett Packard surface electrodes, during the execution of four different modalities of military press exercises with open grip. The results showed that TS acted significantly in the modalities standing and sitting press behind neck, while SI acted in all the modalities, i.e., standing and sitting press behind neck and forward, justifying their inclusion as basic exercises for physical conditioning programmes.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Electromyographic validation of the trapezius and serratus anterior muscles in military press exercises with middle grip.

Electromyographic activity of the trapezius muscle and serratus anterior muscle was analysed in 24 male volunteers using a 2-channel TECA TE 4 electromyograp, during the execution of four different modalities of military press exercises with middle grip. The trapezius acted preferentially in the modalities standing press behind neck; and sitting forward and press behind neck, while SI did not show any significative difference among the modalities. The high levels of action potentials with which TS and SI acted justify the inclusion of these exercises in physical programmes.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

EMG activity of the orbicularis oculi muscle in normal and in individuals indicated to receive eye prosthesis, before and after its placement.

To analyze comparatively through electromyography (EMG) the orbicularis oculi muscle from normal patients and those indicated to receive eye prosthesis (treated patients), it was studied 24 male patients with a mean age of 32.5 years old, who were divided into 2 groups as follows: 12 individuals with absence of the left eyeball and indicated to receive prosthesis (treated); 12 normal individuals (control). The work was performed in 4 different clinical conditions: initial resting; normal opening and closure of the eyelids; forced opening and closure of the eyelids and final resting, before and after placement of eye prosthesis. The exams were made using an Electromyograph K6-I Light Channel and Surface Electrodes. By the results obtained under the work conditions, we can conclude that: the use of eye prosthesis did not interfere in the clinical conditions of opening and closure of the eyelid; the loss of the eyeball increases the EMG activity of the orbicularis oculi muscle; the use of eye prosthesis for a period of 7 days, was not enough to diminish the muscular activity, even its perfect adaptation been evidenced clinically.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Electromyographic validation of the trapezius and serratus anterior muscles in frontal-lateral cross, dumbbells exercises.

Based on the lack of electromyographic researches on sport and programmes of physical conditioning, we can say that it is necessary to reexamine some exercises routinely used in the programmes of physical conditioning. Thus, the trapezius and serratus anterior muscles were studied electromyographically so that we could evaluate the validity in some ways of execution of the frontal-lateral cross, dumbbells exercises for the development of these muscles. We analyzed 24 male volunteers, 18 to 25 years old, using a 2-channel TECA TE 4 electromyograph and Hewlett Packard surface electrodes. For the execution of the exercise it was used a supine bench, a straight board and two bars of 40 cm made of light wood. The results showed that TS acted preferentially in standing modality and in the inclined supine modality, however with activity levels that do not justify its inclusion in physical fitness programmes.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of the occlusal splints on the treatment of temporomandibular disorders--a computerized electromyographic study of masseter and anterior temporalis muscles.

The effect of the occlusal splints on the treatment of temporomandibular disorders--a computerized electromyographic study of masseter and anterior temporalis muscles. The comprehension of the determinant factors of temporomandibular disorders is still inconclusive, since that the etiology is associated with multidisciplinary knowledge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the therapy with occlusal splints in patients with temporomandibular disorders by the computerized electromyography. It was selected twenty-two patients with signs and symptoms with changes of the stomatognathic system, males and females patients, with ages between 18 and 53 years old. Plane occlusal surface splints were constructed in acrylic resin and placed in each patients. Electromyographic evaluations of masseter and anterior temporalis muscles were performed during the mandibular isometric clenching before inserting and after 90, 120 and 150 days of using the occlusal splints. After 90 and 120 days of using them, they were changed by canine guidance and group function respectively. The results after the polynomial regression analysis showed that there were significant reductions (p < 0.05) in the electromyographic activity along the entire period of treatment during the mandibular isometric clenching for masseter and anterior temporalis muscles. The group function showed a shorter eletromyographic activity for both muscles.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Electromyographic validation of the trapezius and serratus anterior muscles in rowing exercises with middle grip.

Because the lack of textbooks based on electromyographic studies in the area of exercises for physical conditioning, the authors proposed to study the trapezius (upper portion) (TS) and the serratus anterior (lower portion) (SI) muscles during the execution of four different modalities of rowing exercises with middle grip in 24 male volunteers, 18 to 25 years old. For the recordings, it was used a two-channel TECA TE 4 electromyograph and Hewlett Packard surface electrodes. For the movements, a supine bench and a 120 cm-long bar made of low weight wood were used. The results showed that TS acted significantly in upright, sitting and inclined rowing, justifying its inclusion in physical conditioning programmes, while SI, in spite of acting preferentially in upright and sitting rowing, presented activity levels which do not justify its inclusion.

Action Potentials↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Electromyographic validation of the trapezius and serratus anterior muscles in rowing exercises with middle and closed grip.

Because the lack of specialized textbooks on the select and indication of basic exercises for physical conditioning programmes, an electromyographic study of the trapezius (upper portion) (TS) and the serratus anterior (lower portion) (SI) muscles in rowing exercises with middle and closed grip in three different modalities, upright, sitting and bent over was performed. The tests were carried out with 24 male volunteers, 18 to 25 years old, by using a two-channel TECA TE 4 electromyograph and Hewlett Packard surface electrodes. For exercises execution, a supine bench, a straight board and a 1,20 m-long bar made of light wood were used. The results showed that TS acted preferentially with closed grip sitting and bent over modalities, and presented no difference among the grips for upright rowing. SI acted preferentially with closed grip in all modalities, however, with activity levels that do not justify its indication for physical conditioning programmes.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Participation of the deltoid (anterior portion) and pectoralis major (clavicular portion) muscles in different modalities of supine and frontal elevation exercises with different grips.

The muscles deltoid-anterior portion (DA) and pectoralis major-clavicular portion (PMC) were analysed to establish the muscular behavior and intensity patterns, as well to evaluate the connected participation of these muscles during supine and frontal elevation exercises. Twenty-four male volunteers were examined using a 2-channel TECA TE4 electromyograph and Hewlett Packard surface electrodes. Our results showed low levels of activity to PMC in frontal elevation exercises, whereas to DA the levels were very high. In the supine exercise, the action potential levels developed by the PMC were always lower than those presented by DA, however, with action simultaneity. Some suggestions to the use of the tested exercises are presented.

Action Potentials↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Electromyographic analysis of the upper and lower fascicles of the orbicular oris muscle, in edentulous patients, before and after complete denture implantation.

The orbicular oris muscle, including its upper and lower fascicles, the alveolar processes and dental arches, constitute a complex morpho-functional system, located in the lower third of the face, which is very important for the clinical determination of the occlusal vertical dimension. Any alteration of this system, as in the case of edentulous patients, might produce esthetic problems and alterations in the muscular tonicity. This study was aimed to evaluate the electromyographic behaviour of that musculature in patients while pronouncing the syllables PAH, BAH, MAH, SAH, FAH, VAH, MEE, and the word MISSISSIPPI. Edentulous patients were submitted to electromyographic tests under two clinical conditions: before and after the implantation of complete dentures. A K6-I EMG Light Channel Surface Electromyograph was utilized (Myo-tronics Co. Seattle, WA, USA). The Analysis of Variance, with 3 sources of variation (Syllables, Muscles and Clinical Conditions) and 12 repetitions, indicated statistically significant differences in the pronunciation of the different syllables. For the Muscles factor, the analysis revealed higher electromyographic readings in the lower fascicle of the orbicular oris muscle, as compared with those of the upper fascicle. The comparison among the Clinical Conditions indicated higher electromyographic values for the edentulous condition (i.e., before complete denture implantation), as compared to those recorded after denture implantation.

Dental Implantation↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of the Schwartz-Jampel syndrome on masticatory and facial musculatures--an electromyographic analysis.

This study had the goal to perform an electromyography evaluation of the orbicularis oris, orbicularis oculi, masseter, and temporal muscles of two siblings with Schwartz-Jampel syndrome (SJS), in different clinical activities, comparing them to healthy controls (C). The Schwartz-Jampel syndrome is a rare genetic disorder (71 cases reported in worldwide literature), in which myotonia may be observed in the facial muscles, determining a standard facie that shows an appearance of someone who is sad and weeping For the electromyography (EMG), a Myotronics--K61 electromyographer, was used, with superficial and disposable silver chloride electrodes. By means of the analysis of the obtained results, we observed significant statistical differences for the masseter muscle and for orbicularis oculi muscles (p < 0.01) among the studied groups, in which the individuals with SJS presented greater muscular activity than the normal ones, used as healthy controls. The statistical difference between the two groups was not significant for the temporal muscle, as well as for the orbicularis oris muscle, although the EMG averages were much greater in patients who were bringers of the syndrome. This high muscular activity may be related to the facial osseous alterations, evidenced in both patients with SJS, such as the mandibular migrognathia, with an atrophy of the mandibular cortex and a consequent approximation between the inferior dental root apices and the mandible base, as well as the presence of hypoplastic condyles in terms of size and height.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Electromyographic analysis of upper and lower fascicles of the orbicularis oris muscle in deaf individuals, in mandibular rest position, compared to hearers.

This study had the aim to analyze electromyographically, the upper and lower fascicles of the orbicularis oris muscle in bilingual, oralist deaf individuals, comparing them with clinically healthy volunteers in mandibular rest position. This was performed in 50 patients of both sexes with an average age of 18.5 years, divided into 4 groups. 1. Ten deaf bilingual, nasal-breathing patients; 2. Ten deaf bilingual, buccal-breathing patients; 3. Ten deaf oralist, nasal-breathing patients; 4. Twenty healthy volunteers, nasal-breathing patients. An electromyograph K6-I EMG Light Channel Surface Electromyography (Myo-tronics Co. Seattle, WA, EUA) of eight channels was used. The electrodes applied were duotrodes, silver-chloride surface, disposable. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software version 10.0 (Chicago, IL). Continuos data with normal distribution were analyzed by univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA). The level of significance was set at alpha= 0.01. Comparing the EMG activity of the orbicularis oris muscle made it possible to verify that, during clinical mandibular rest position, all four groups presented various levels of electromyographic (EMG) activity with statistically significant differences (F = 8.81, p < 0.01). Based this study's data, it was possible to conclude that the electromyography analysis of the orbicularis oris muscle in deaf individuals showed that deaf individuals presented higher levels of EMG activity of the orbicularis oris muscle than normal controls during mandibular rest position.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Electromyographic analysis of the masseter and temporal muscles in oralized deaf individuals.

Deaf individuals show a number of difficulties related to the functionality of the stomatognathic system, mainly by reason of the little or no use of facial musculature during speech either due to the use of sign language or to the difficulty that these individuals have in articulating words. The stomatognathic system muscles play important roles in functions such as mastication, deglutition, and phonation. This study aimed to assess, by means of computerized bilateral electromyography (EMG), masseter and temporal muscles of 12 oralized deaf individuals in clinical activities that involve part of this masticatory musculature and compare this system's functionality with that of 12 normal listening individuals, performing the same activities. An 8-channel K6-I EMG Light Channel Surface Electromyography device was used (Myo-Tronics Co.Seattle, WA, USA), in addition to disposable double electrodes covered with silver chloride (Duotrodes; Myo-tronics Co., Seattle, WA) containing a conductor gel (Myogel- Myo-tronics Co., Seatlle, WA). The averaged rectified EMG values were normalized with reference to the EMG amplitude induced by a maximum bite force. The statistical analysis confirmed that there were any significant differences between the groups, clinical activities, and muscles, and also effects of interaction among them. The analysis made use of Variance Analysis (ANOVA). Significant differences (p < 0.01) for both muscles were found among the clinical conditions, with deaf individuals showing greater electromyographic activity for both muscles for the clinical activity protrusion. Deaf individuals showed a lower muscular activity for clinical activities that demanded a greater masseter and temporal muscular activity such as mastication, mouth opening and closing, and dental compression. Greater electromyographic values were found for both deaf individuals and healthy controls during clinical activities of mastication and dental compression. Based on the obtained data, we concluded that deaf individuals showed a lower activity of the masticatory musculature than healthy individuals; the differences were significant at the level of p < 0.01 between the performed clinical activities; and all deaf individuals and healthy controls showed greater electromyographic values for mastication and dental compression.

Adolescent↗