Variations in skinfold thickness during de-acclimatisation and re-acclimatisation to high altitude. Relation to body fat content.
Skinfold thickness, body weight, body water, anthropometric measurements and segment volumes were determined in 28 young and healthy Indian soldiers on return to Delhi (200 m) after staying for more than 24 months at high altitude (3500 m). The measurements were made on the 2nd day and after 3 weeks. Ten subjects were then randomly selected from this group and returned by air to the high-altitude station, and the measurements were repeated on the 3rd and 12th day of their reinduction. Though body weight and total body water increased marginally on transfer to the lower altitude, body density remained more or less unchanged. There were significant increases in the thickness of skinfolds, even when body density had increased. During this period hand and foot volumes decreased significantly. Despite significant increases in thoracic skinfold thickness, the torso volume decreased slightly. On returning to high altitude, the soldiers lost body weight, were hypohydrated and showed reduced skinfold thickness. Fat losses calculated on the basis of reduction in skinfold thickness were far in excess of those calculated from losses in body weight and in total body water. As the reduced skinfold thickness was unrelated to changes in body water content at high altitude, it seems that such reductions are due to redistribution of blood in the skin. From the results of these investigations it is concluded that variations in skinfold thickness during acclimatisation to high altitude do not accurately represent the changes in body fat content.