Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Utsumi

Publications and source records attributed to M Utsumi.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[10 cases of congenital cystic dilatation of the common bile duct].

Ten cases of congenital cystic dilatation of the common bile duct (including insufficiency form) were examined for mode of pancreatico-biliary anastomosis and cholangiographic findings. The results were as follows. Male to female ratio was 1:9 in this series. Regarding the mode of pancreatico-biliary anastomosis, type I (pancreatic duct flowing into common bile duct) tended to occur frequently in patients 30 years old or more, while type II (common bile duct flowing into pancreatic duct) in patients under 30 years old. With respect to clinical symptoms, no cases had triad (jaundice, abdominal pain and palpation of mass), but abdominal pain occurred in all the cases. Jaundice and palpation of mass were seen in 30% and 10% of the cases, respectively. Regarding the age at the onset and the duration of the disease, type I occurred in elderly cases with a longer duration of disease, while type II occurred in young cases with a shorter duration of disease. The degree of distention increased in proportion to the severity of the peripheral stenosis of the biliary duct. Complication with biliary tract carcinoma was seen in 2 type I cases. Among the type I cases, those with mild distention were considered to be insufficient form.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Origins of hemopoietic and stromal cells in subcutaneous femur implants.

The origin of spleen colony-forming units (CFUs) and fibroblastoid colony-forming cells (CFUF) repopulating the marrow of femurs subcutaneously implanted in syngeneic and semi-syngeneic mice was studied by making use of a chromosome marker for CFUs and a cytotoxicity test for CFUF. The CFUs present in implants during first 4 weeks were of a mixture of those from the donor and the host, and thereafter, were exclusively of host origin. On the other hand, the colony growth of CFUF from the marrow of C57BL/6 femurs grafted in B6CBAF1 mice remained almost totally unaffected by treatment with C57BL/6 anti-B6CBAF1 serum as late as 40 weeks after implantation. Quite similar results were obtained from the marrow-depleted femur implants. It is concluded from the present studies that chimeric marrow consisting of hemopoietic cells of host origin and stromal cells of donor origin can repopulate the femurs within a matter of several weeks after subcutaneous implantation.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Protection by nicotinamide against streptozotocin-induced reduction in pancreatic TRH.

The concentration of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) immunoreactivity was determined in pancreatic islets and acini in the rat. In addition, time-course changes in TRH in response to an iv injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg body weight) with or without nicotinamide (500 mg/kg body weight) were examined in the whole pancreas. Furthermore, pancreatic TRH was measured in diabetic rats treated with insulin for 3 weeks. The TRH concentration in rat islets was 42-fold higher than in exocrine glands, indicating that the majority of pancreatic TRH is of islet origin. The mean concentration of pancreatic TRH decreased to 60 and 65% of the respective control values at 4 and 7 h after administration of streptozotocin, respectively. AT 24 h, it fell to 10% of control values without significant changes in TRH levels in the hypothalamus and gastrointestinal tract. In contrast, no significant change in pancreatic TRH was noted in rats given combined treatment with streptozotocin and nicotinamide. The injection of streptozotocin alone resulted in severe hypoglycaemia at 7 h and hyperglycaemia at 24 h, whereas neither resulted from the combined treatment. Insulin therapy had no influence on the decreased TRH concentrations in the diabetic pancreas. These results suggest that TRH may be localized to the B cells of pancreatic islets, and that the marked reduction in TRH in diabetic pancreases is not a metabolic consequence of insulin deficiency.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical experience of cefoxitin in the treatment of infections complicated by intractable blood disorders].

A total of 19 patients who had local or systemic infections with a variety of difficult-to-treat blood disorders were treated with cefoxitin (CFX). The following findings were obtained. 1. Fifteen out of 19 patients' responses were judged "excellent" or "good" with an overall cure rate of 78.9%. 2. As to the side effects of CFX, transient elevations in S-GOT, S-GPT were observed in 3 patients, urine protein in 2 patients, and hematuria in 1 patient. However, these abnormalities cannot be solely attributed to CFX because these patients were treated with either antitumor agents or aminoglycosides, and some had undergone blood transfusions. 3. CFX should be considered for the treatment of severe infections because it is well tolerated, has a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens and is highly resistant to beta-lactamases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Clinical evaluation of amikacin in severe infections with hematological malignant diseases (author's transl)].

Investigation was made on absorption, excretion and clinical responses following intravenous drip infusion of amikacin (AMK) and the following results were obtained. 1) Serum concentrations of AMK were determined after completion of a 1 hour-course of its intravenous drip infusion at a dose of 200 mg, involving 2 patients with normal renal function and 1 patient with impaired renal function. In the patients with normal renal function, a mean peak serum concentration of 15.9 micrograms/ml was reached at the termination of the intravenous drip infusion and, then, gradually declined to 0.97 microgram/ml at 6 hours after completion of the intravenous drip infusion. The half-lives were 1.64 and 1.41 hours, respectively. In the patients with impaired renal function, the elimination of AMK from blood flow was markedly delayed and the serum concentration was 5.52 micrograms/ml even at 6 hours after completion of the intravenous drip infusion. The half-life was prolonged, its value being 5.98 hours. 2) The mean urinary excretion rate for the patients with normal renal function was 67.7% within 7 hours, while the patient with impaired renal function had a lower rate of 14.0%. 3) Ten infectious patients with hematological malignant diseases were treated with AMK intravenous drip infusion. Clinical responses were excellent in 6, good in 2, fair in 1 and poor in 1. Thus, 80% of the patients responded to AMK. 4) In order to check the side effects of AMK, investigation was made on the results of various clinical laboratory tests and the subjective and objective findings. But, no side effects attributed to AMK were observed. Therefore, it is thought that the intravenous drip infusion of AMK will be very useful when attention is paid to infusion time, dose and interval.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Increase of pancreatic somatostatin concentration in early phases of streptozotocin diabetes in rats.

A small yet significant increase of immunoassayable pancreatic somatostatin concentration (0.107 +/- 0.005 vs. 0.156 +/- 0.017 microgram/g at 24 hr, p less than 0.05) was found in rats, 24 hr as well as 7 days after treatment with a diabetogenic dose of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg BW). These animals were characterized by marked decreases of insulin in the pancreas without any significant changes in pancreatic glucagon concentration. These results suggest that an abrupt deprivation of insulin from islets results in an elevation of pancreatic somatostatin concentration, and that glucagon in the pancreas plays a minor role in determining pancreatic somatostatin concentration in rats with insulin-deprived diabetes of short duration.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Pancreatic insulin, glucagon and somatostatin concentrations in rats with islet cell tumors induced by streptozotocin.

Hyperinsulinemic and hypoglycemic rats with islet tumors induced by streptozotocin were shown to have significantly decreased immunoreactive insulin and somatostatin concentration (expressed as per g wet weight (w. wt) and content (expressed as per whole pancreas) in the pancreas surrounding the tumor as compared to those of age and weight adjusted controls. The pancreatic glucagon concentration of the former was significantly lower than that of the latter but no significant difference between glucagon content in the two groups was observed. Thus, inverse relationships were demonstrated between circulating insulin and somatostatin as well as insulin in the pancreas. It is suggested that a large amount of insulin in plasma results in a decrease in pancreatic insulin and somatostatin.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1980

Portal somatostatin responds to intragastric glucose: effects of streptozotocin diabetes.

Changes in somatostatin levels in portal response to intragastric glucose loading were examined in normal controls and streptozotocin diabetic rats for one week duration. The mean (+/- SEM) basal level of somatostatin was more significantly elevated in diabetic rats (401 +/- 62 pg/ml) than in controls (171 +/- 13 pg/ml). However, no significant difference in somatostatin concentrations 30 min after glucose loading was found between diabetic and control animals (587 +/- 113 vs. 443 +/- 47 pg/ml). Glucose loading caused a significant elevation of somatostatin in controls, but not in diabetic rats. These results suggest a physiologic role of somatostatin in nutrient homeostasis, and that abnormalities in D cell function are present in streptozotocin diabetes of short duration.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Role of glucagon and somatostatin in insulin release.

The role of endogenous glucagon and somatostatin in insulin release was studied. Islets isolated from adult rats were incubated for 60 min in 3.3, 8,3 and 16.7 mM glucose with anti-glucagon antiserum (AGA) or anti-somatostatin antiserum (ASA) which was produced in rabbits. For the control experiments the antiserum was replaced by normal rabbit serum (NRS). Insulin release from islets treated with AGA was suppressed in 3.3 and 8.3 mM glucose as compared to islets treated with NRS, while insulin release was not affected in 16.7 mM glucose. On the other hand, insulin release from islets treated with ASA was enhanced in 3.3 and 8.3 mM glucose as compared to that from islets treated with NRS, whereas in 16.7 mM glucose it was not different from the control. These observations indicate that endogenous glucagon and somatostatin play a physiological role in the regulation of insulin release, but their regulation of insulin release is deranged at non-physiologically high glucose concentrations.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Somatostatin concentration responds to arginine in portal plasma: effects of fasting, streptozotocin diabetes, and insulin administration in diabetic rats.

Changes of somatostatin concentration in response to a single i.v. injection of arginine (400 mg/kg body weight) were examined in extracted portal plasma of normal and diabetic rats in the fully fed state and after 24 h or fasting, as well as in diabetic rats treated with insulin for one week. In both normal and diabetic animals fasted for 24 h, the basal level of somatostatin declined but the magnitude of the arginine-induced elevation of somatostatin was not affected, suggesting a physiologic role of the tetradecapeptide in nutrient homeostasis. When compared with intact rats, diabetic animals were shown to have increased levels of somatostatin before and after arginine administration, both of which were attenuated by insulin replacement therapy. These findings suggest that alterations of D cell function in streptozotocin diabetes may be related to either insulin deficiency or its metabolic consequences.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Age-related changes in the function of hemopoietic stroma in mice.

Hemopoietic function of the marrow and splenic stroma in C57BL/6 mice aging from 2 to 24 months were evaluated with the use of subcutaneous implantation method. Although there was no significant difference in the concentration as well as the total number of CFU(S) in femoral marrows between aged and young mice, the rates of CFU(S) repopulation in the femoral marrows from aged donors were significantly lower than in those from young donors when grafted subcutaneously in the 2 month-old syngeneic hosts. On the other hand, the femoral marrow grafts from 2 month-old donors were constantly repopulated irrespective of the age of the hosts. An essentially similar finding was obtained in the study of spleen grafts. It is suggested that the defective hemopoiesis, if any, in aged mice is primarily caused by the changes in hemopoietic stroma rather than those in hemopoietic stem cells.

Aging↗