Biomedical subjects

M Utsumi

Publications and source records attributed to M Utsumi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1998

[Efficacy of granisetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, in the prevention of nausea and vomiting induced by conditioning for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

One hundred and eleven patients receiving conditioning regimens for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) were administered a single intravenous dose (40 micrograms/kg) of granisetron before chemo-radio therapy. The efficacy of the drug was assessed every 24 hours, rating the control of nausea and vomiting as complete, major, minor or failure. On day 1, 23 of 48 patients (47.9%) who received cyclophosphamide (60 mg/kg/day), achieved control of emesis with complete or major response. On day 2, 17 of 47 patients (36.2%) achieved control emesis. During total body irradiation (TBI) (10 approximately 12 Gy/2 approximately 3 days), 21 of 33 patients (63.6%) achieved control of emesis on day 1 and 22 of 32 patients (68.6%) achieved control of emesis on day 2. During melphalan administration (60 approximately 100 mg/m2/day), 20 of 28 patients (71.4%) achieved control of emesis on day 1. Adverse effects were observed in seven patients but were not serious. We concluded that granisetron has a major role in preparation for HSCT.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

[The management of Hodgkin's disease with chemotherapy or combined modality treatment].

Systemic polychemotherapy and local radiation are two well-established treatments for Hodgkin's disease. With the use of modern techniques, the great majority of patients with pathologic stage I-II Hodgkin's disease can be cured with irradiation alone. Since the invention of the MOPP and ABVD schemes, polychemotherapy has become indispensable for the treatment of advanced-stage Hodgkin's disease. The role of radiotherapy in combination with chemotherapy is limited to specific indications. ABVD therapy is as effective as MOPP alternating with ABVD, and both are superior to MOPP alone in the treatment of advanced Hodgkin's disease. MOPP/ABVD hybrid chemotherapy was significantly more effective than sequential MOPP-ABVD in 8-year failure-free survival and overall survival. The patients with advanced-stage Hodgkin's disease who did not achieve a complete remission from their initial treatment with combination chemotherapy have a dismal prognosis. Those whose initial remissions had lasted longer than 12 months had a very high probability of obtaining a second complete remission when re-treated with MOPP or ABVD, but those whose remission lasted less than 12 months fared less well with any conventional-dose chemotherapy. High-dose chemotherapy and radiotherapy with autologous hemopoietic stem cell transfusion are superior in the treatment of those whose disease is refractory or resistant to the initial therapy.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed1997

Age-independent constancy of mineral contents in human vertebra and auditory ossicle.

To elucidate age-related changes of mineral contents in human bones, element contents of human vertebrae and auditory ossicles were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry. The cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae were removed from 12 vertebral columns. The mallei of auditory ossicle were removed from 27 cadavers. It was found that average relative contents (RCs) of calcium and phosphorus in cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae remained almost constant within ages ranging from 46 to 99 y. In addition, it was found that the RCs of calcium and phosphorus in men's and women's mallei remained constant within ages ranging from 40 to 98 yr. These results support the view that there is no significant age-dependent change of mineral contents in human bones.

Aged↗

PubMed1997

High accumulations of calcium and phosphorus in women's pubic symphysis.

To elucidate compositional changes of the pubic symphysis (PS) by aging, elements of pubic symphysis (PSs) removed from 26 cadavers were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry. It was found that the relative contents (RCs) of calcium and phosphorus in women's PSs were about three- and five-fold amounts as compared with those in men's PSs, respectively. In contrast, the RCs of sulfur, magnesium, sodium, and iron in women's PSs were somewhat lower than those in men's PSs. The accumulations of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) in women's PSs occurred mainly beyond the age of 70-yr-old, but did not occur in men's PSs.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

High accumulation of elements in the human femoral artery.

The relative contents (RCs) of elements in the femoral arteries as well as the thoracic aorta, coronary, basilar, and radial arteries from 26 subjects within the age range between 55 and 92 yr old, were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The RCs of calcium and phosphorus in the femoral arteries started to increase before the age of 60 yr. The RCs of magnesium increased after the age of 70 yr. However, the RCs of sulfur did not change significantly within the age range between 55 and 92 yr. With regard to localization of the mineral accumulations in the femoral arterial wall, it was found that the accumulations of calcium and phosphorus occurred only in the tunica media, only in the tunica intima, or in both the tunica media and the tunica intima. The manner of accumulation of calcium and phosphorus in the femoral arterial wall was different from that in the aortic wall. The average RCs of calcium in the 26 specimens were the highest in the femoral artery, followed in descending order by the thoracic aorta, coronary, basilar, and radial arteries. The average RCs of phosphorus were highest in the thoracic aorta, followed by the coronary, femoral, basilar, and radial arteries. It is noted that the accumulation of mineral elements never occurred uniformly in all the arteries.

Aged↗

PubMed1997

A randomized study comparing VMCP and MMPP in the treatment of multiple myeloma.

PURPOSE: To compare VMCP, a multidrug combination chemotherapy comprising vincristine (VCR), melphalan (MPH), cyclophosphamide (CPM) and prednisolone (PSL), with MMPP comprising MPH, ranimustine (MCNU), procarbazine, and PSL as induction, to elucidate the value of alternating combination chemotherapy, and to search for an appropriate maintenance therapy in multiple myeloma. METHODS: At 16 institutions in the Nagoya City area, we carried out a randomized trial of VMCP versus MMPP as the initial treatment. Patients who were refractory or resistant to the initial therapy were crossed over into the other arm (crossover trial). For patients who achieved a partial response (PR) or a minor response (MR) and in whom the paraprotein level ceased to decrease, the maintenance therapy was randomized either to an MPH/PSL combination (MP) or to alternating combination therapy (AT) with VMCP and MMPP. RESULTS: In the 94 evaluable patients of the 111 enrolled, the response rate (PR rate) was 27.7% (13/47) in the VMCP arm and 44.7% (21/47) in the MMPP arm (P = 0.0859). The crossover trial resulted in a PR rate of 15.8% (3/19) for the VMCP-->MMPP crossover and 14.3% (2/14) for the MMPP-->VMCP crossover. The median survival time was 23.4 months for those initially begun in the VMCP arm and 24.9 months for those in the MMPP arm, showing a tendency for better survival during a follow-up of 2-6 years with MMPP treatment, but without statistical significance. The survival time of patients with progressive disease was significantly shorter than that of patients with PR, MR or no change (NC). However, there was no significant difference in the survival rate among those who achieved PR, MR, or NC. As to the maintenance therapy, there was no significant difference in survival between MP therapy and AT. Patients who reached a plateau phase survived significantly longer than those who did not. Except for six cases of grade 3 or 4 neurotoxicity in the VMCP arm, there was no significant difference in the hematologic or gastrointestinal toxicity between the two arms. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that VMCP is less effective for myeloma than MMPP as the induction treatment, that alternating noncrossresistant chemotherapeutic combinations do not offer an advantage in multiple myeloma, and that patients who reach a plateau phase have a significantly longer survival time.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Achievement of a complete cytogenetic response with hydroxyurea in a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Hydroxyurea rarely produces a complete cytogenetic remission in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). In this report, we describe one case of the CML patient who achieved complete cytogenetic remission (no Ph chromosome in 20-25 metaphase cells) by treatment with hydroxyurea alone. By the fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) methodology using bcr/abl specific translocation probe, sequential bone marrow specimens from the patient showed the characteristic 9;22 translocation at a higher rate (9-10%) than the normal control range (2.49-4.88%) at the time of complete cytogenetic remission. Thus, it is suggested that FISH is a more sensitive method to detect the bcr/abl fusion gene than conventional cytogenetic analysis for the detection of minimal residual disease in CML.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

PubMed1997

The effect of magnesium on the fine structure of the golden hamster parathyroid gland in vivo and in vitro.

We examined the effect of magnesium (Mg) on the fine structure of the golden hamster parathyroid gland in vivo and in vitro. In the in vivo study, the principal changes in the parathyroid glands 10 and 30 min, and 1 hr after Mg injection showed a significant decrease in the area of the Golgi apparatus and cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum compared with those of the control animals. The serum calcium level in the experimental animals 30 min and 1 hr after the injection was significantly low compared with that of the control animals. In the vitro study, the area of the Golgi apparatus in the Mg-treated group significantly decreased as compared with that of the control group. These changes suggest that Mg directly suppresses the synthesis of hamster parathyroid hormone in the short term.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

Effect of centrifugation on the ultrastructure of the parathyroid gland of the magnesium-treated golden hamster.

The ultrastructure of the parathyroid glands (PTG) of magnesium (Mg)-treated golden hamsters exposed to centrifugation at 1.2 G for 7 days was compared to that of the control, Mg-treated or centrifuged groups. In the PTG of the Mg-treated group exposed to centrifugation, the Golgi apparatus increased compared with that of the Mg-treated group, but was similar to that of the control and centrifuged groups. The cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) increased compared with that of the Mg-treated group and decreased compared with that of the centrifuged group, but was the same as that of the control group. There were no significant differences among the 4 groups with regard to lysosomes, large vacuolar bodies, lipid droplets and secretory granules. These observations suggest that the rER is sensitive to centrifugation compared with the Golgi apparatus and more importantly the inhibitive effect of Mg on the synthesis of the hamster parathyroid hormone is enfeebled by centrifugation at 1.2 G.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

[Sexual differences of the bone mineral content and density of human calcanei].

To examine whether there were sexual differences of human calcanei, the bone mineral content, bone mineral density and bone mass were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, and the principal of Archimedes, respectively. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry indicated that the average relative contents of calcium and phosphorus in the man's calcanei were one and a half folds higher than those in the woman's calcanei over 40 years old. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry showed that the average bone mineral density of the man's calcanei was two times higher than that of the woman's ones over 40 years old. In addition, the average calcanean volume of the man was about one and a half folds larger than that of the woman over 40 years old.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗

PubMed1997

Differential accumulation of calcium and phosphorus in aged human arteries.

To elucidate age-related changes of human arteries, relative contents (RCs) of minerals were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry on the thoracic aorta, basilar, coronary, femoral, and radial arteries from 27 subjects within the age range between 0 and 92 years old (Ys). Calcium and phosphorus never accumulated uniformly in any of the arteries such as the thoracic aorta, basilar, coronary, femoral, and radial arteries. The accumulations of calcium and phosphorus occurred earlier in the order of the femoral artery, thoracic aorta, coronary artery, and basilar or radial artery.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

A constancy of mineral contents in human auditory ossicles.

To determine element contents of auditory ossicles, the malleus and incus were removed from 27 subjects which died at the ages between 40 and 98 years old, and their elemental contents were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. It was found that the relative contents (RCs) of calcium and phosphorus were very high in the malleus and incus. The RCs of calcium and phosphorus in the ossicles corresponded to one-and-a-half-fold amounts as compared with the spongy bone of human cervical vertebrae. The mass ratio of calcium per phosphorus in the ossicles was almost the same as that of crystalline calcium phosphate hydroxyapatite. Relationships between the aging and RCs of minerals and between both the sexes in the ossicle were examined. It was found that both the RCs of calcium and phosphorus in the malleus and incus were really constant at the age over 40 years old, and that there was no significant difference of the mineral contents between men and women.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Age-related change of mineral content in the human thoracic aorta and in the human cerebral artery.

The relative contents (RCs) of mineral elements in aortae and cerebral arteries from 23 subjects, with ages ranging between 45 and 99 yr, were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The RCs of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium in the aortae increased markedly after the age of 70. While the RC of sulfur in aortae decreased gradually after that age. It was found that accumulation of calcium and phosphorus occurred primarily in the tunica media of aorta, and secondarily in the tunica intima. Furthermore, the RCs of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium in cerebral arteries increased markedly after the age of 70, whereas the RC of sulfur in cerebral arteries decreased after age 70. It was found that accumulation of calcium and phosphorus in the cerebral arteries were 30 and 60%, respectively, lower than those in the aortae with ages ranging between 45 and 99 yr.

Aged↗

PubMed1996

Difference of mineral contents in human intervertebral disks and its age-related change.

To establish a difference of the relative contents (RCs) of elements among the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar intervertebral disks and its age-related change, the intervertebral disks between the axis and the sacrum, which were resected from the nine cadavers who died at 53 to 99 yr old, were analyzed by inductively coupled atomic plasma emission spectrometry. It was found that both the RCs of calcium and phosphorus were high in the cervical disks, especially the highest in the disk between the 6th and 7th cervical vertebrae, and lower in the order of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar intervertebral disks. In regard to the RCs of sulfur and magnesium, there were no significant differences among the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar intervertebral disks. In addition, it was found that both the RCs of calcium and phosphorus in the cervical intervertebral disks started to increase in the sixth decade of life, became the highest in the eighth decade of life, and then decreased.

Aged↗

PubMed1996

An improved method for estimating original mineral contents in excavated bone using sulfur.

Trace element analysis in excavated bones is complicated by the lack of a reliable index for estimating the original amount of bone material. In this study, we subjected modern human bones to alkali treatment to simulate aging. Alkali treatment of vertebrae with attached muscle did not affect sulfur (S) content; it increased the magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), and zinc (Zn) contents, and tended to decrease iron (Fe) content of the bones. When vertebrae cleaned of muscle were used, alkali treatment did not affect S and Fe contents but increased Mg, P, Ca, and Zn contents. Ca and S contents were higher in excavated bones (200-1300 yr old) than in their surrounding soils. In contrast, S, Mg, and Ca contents per dry weight did not differ between the excavated bones and the alkali-treated modern bones. These results indicate that S can provide a more accurate index of excavated bones than the often-used Ca content or dry wt measures, especially for bones excavated from calcium-rich soils.

Archaeology↗

PubMed1996

The dual expression of minor and major bcr/abl chimeric mRNA in blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia.

The hypothesis that minor bcr/abl fusion mRNA is produced in blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is examined. The RNA transcripts encoding the minor and major bcr/abl fused protein were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using RNA from peripheral blood or bone marrow cells of eight patients with blast crisis or accelerated phase of CML. The mRNA encoding for major bcr/abl was detected in all eight cases. In four patients, however, transcripts encoding for minor bcr/abl mRNA were detected, as well as major bcr/abl mRNA. The presence of minor bcr/abl mRNA was verified with the hybridization with a junction-specific probe and DNA sequencing analysis of PCR products. The appearance of minor bcr/abl fusion mRNA was associated with the lymphoblastic immunophenotype of the blast cells. In two of these four patients, samples of initial diagnosis of chronic phase of CML were available, which did not show minor bcr/abl transcript. We conclude that the appearance of minor bcr/abl mRNA transcript is associated with the terminal evolution of CML in lymphoblastic crisis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

[Biology and clinical relevance of multidrug resistance associated antigen].

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a main obstacle to cancer chemotherapy. P-glycoprotein(P-gp) is the first antigen discovered to be linked to MDR, and is a energy dependent plasma membrane efflux pump, which actively transports a variety of drugs and substances out of cells. P-gp can be detected by immunological or biochemical (molecular) methods, but both methods have some limitations with respect to sensitivity and specificity. Some studies have demonstrated the adverse prognostic factor of P-gp and some others have not. The discrepancy between various studies is considered to be due to the limitation of methodology for detecting P-gp and the existence of other MDR antigens, for example multidrug resistance associated protein. The clinical roles of MDR reversing agents have not yet been confirmed.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗

PubMed1996

Bindings of metallothionein to supranucleosomal fibers in mouse pancreatic nuclei after induction by 4-aminopyrazolo [3,4-D] pyrimidine.

To examine intranuclear localization of metallothionein (MT) induced by administration of 4-aminopyrazolo [3,4-d] pyrimidine (4-APP), the present study of MT was performed by immuno-electron microscopy. One day after oral administration of 4-APP, the mouse pancreas removed and frozen with dry ice was cut at about 1 mm thickness. Pancreatic slices were reacted with anti-MT antibody, fixed with formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde, and embedded in hydrophilic Lowicryl K4M resin. Ultrathin sections were reacted with the secondary antibody labelled with colloidal gold, and stained both with uranyl acetate and with lead citrate. It was found that the MT site was shown simultaneously in the chromatin and in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of mouse pancreatic exocrine cells one day after administration of 4-APP. The structure of MT-binding chromatin was composed of supranucleosomal fibers, but not of nucleosomal fibers.

Adenine↗