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Biomedical subjects

M Urban

Publications and source records attributed to M Urban.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[The role of growth hormone in the development of complications in insulin-dependent diabetes].

Disturbed function of the axis hypothalamus-growth hormone-somatomeding C (IGF-1) plays an important role in the development of diabetic angiopathy. Patients with insuline dependent diabetes show increased secretion on GH but secretion of IGF-1 may be normal, decreased or increased. These disturbances are especially distinct in the prepubescent period when susceptibility to develop complications is bigger. Increased secretion of GH and IGF-1 plays an essential role in the development of retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy. The paper explains the role of GH in controlling glycaemia and in the development of vascular complications during diabetes.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1991

[In vivo resistance to strains of Trypanosoma rhodesiense, Mozambique, 1985].

We report the existence of high resistance to Melarsoprol and low resistance to Suramin in 11 Trypanosoma rhodesiense species. They were isolated from humans in the Tete province, Mozambique, and kept in mice at the Maputo National Health Institute. The preliminary results obtained with Suramin administered intracranially, are also reported.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Percutaneous endoscopic cholecystolithotripsy. Work in progress.

In spite of long-term adjunctive oral dissolution therapy, residual gallstones have been reported in up to 50% of gallstone patients 3 months after extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy. Six women and five men, aged 31-75 years, underwent percutaneous endoscopic cholecystolithotripsy between April 1988 and October 1988. The gallbladder was punctured by means of an anterior transperitoneal approach. The tract was dilated, and gallstones were removed with a modified 21-F cholecystoscope under direct visual inspection. Calculi too large for extraction were disintegrated with ultrasound or electrohydraulic lithotripsy. Eight patients were stone-free and two had small residual stones 3 months later; nine were stone-free 6 months after the procedure. Although more invasive than shock-wave lithotripsy, percutaneous endoscopic cholecystolithotripsy has the advantage of immediate removal of more calculi, causes less pain, necessitates less postoperative immobilization, and allows patients to leave the hospital sooner.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Stonebearing gallbladders: CT anatomy as the key to safe percutaneous lithotripsy. Work in progress.

Percutaneous cholecystolithotripsy can be performed with a transhepatic or transperitoneal approach. Because the anatomy of the gallbladder varies from person to person, the authors began a study to evaluate the position of the gallbladder with computed tomographic scans of 100 patients known to have stones in their gallbladders. Four variations in the relationship of the gallbladder to the liver and anterior abdominal wall were noted: completely intrahepatic gallbladders (39%) (type I), gallbladders bulging anterior to the anterior rim at least in part (35%) (type II), gallbladders completely anterior to the liver (17%) (type III), and gallbladders in a lateral position (9%) (type IV). In 51%, the colon was in direct contact with the gallbladder, and in 13% it was positioned between the abdominal wall and gallbladder. A safe percutaneous puncture was not possible in 34% of the patients (nine type IV gallbladders, 23 type I organs, and two type III gallbladders with anterior interposition of the colon).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Adipose tissue distribution in children with excess body weight and possible complications of obesity. I. Evaluation of an index (waist to hip circumference) in children with simple obesity].

Distribution of the fat tissue has been estimated in 94 children with simple obesity and in 100 children with normal parameters of the somatic development. The relation of waist measurement (at the navel level) to the hip measurement (at the level of sacral bone) (p/b) was evaluated. This ratio was higher in the group of the obese than in the normotensive children. Higher values of the waist measurement can indicate an excessive fat tissue deposition in the epigastrium. This is a poor prognostic factor as it indicates the greater risk of complications of obesity. This children should be followed up.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1989

[Adipose tissue distribution in children with excessive body weight and the possibility of development of complications of obesity. II. Positive family history in relation to arteriosclerosis risk factor and the constitutional type of obesity in children].

98 children with simple obesity were investigated. The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, coronary heart disease including heart infarction, disturbances of the cerebral circulation) and diabetes in parents and relatives of the obese children have been evaluated. The relation between the type of obesity (androidal, gynoidal) and the prevalence of the above complications in the family history was assessed. No correlation between the type of obesity and the mentioned diseases was observed.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1989

[Bone metastases diagnosed by ultrasound].

Osteoclastic bone metastases - mostly associated with soft tissue infiltration - but also osteoblastic metastases present a typically sonographic appearance. These patterns are discussed in two cases. Nearly 50% of skeletal metastases are located in sonographically easily accessible regions. The use of this low-cost and simple method complementary to other diagnostic procedures is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Noninvasive diagnosis of post-puncture vascular complications of the femoral artery: i.v. DSA and duplex sonography].

In 1200 cases of angiographic or invasive procedures with puncture of the femoral artery, vascular complications occurred in 10 patients (0.8%). In a prospective study, duplex sonography and intravenous digital subtraction angiography were used as diagnostic methods in these cases. All 10 cases with vascular complications were diagnosed correctly by means of i.v. DSA, and the underlying pathology was documented exactly. Duplex sonography yielded the correct diagnosis in 8 cases, and 1 case was incorrectly diagnosed as an aneurysm; angiography suggested an arteriovenous fistula, which was surgically verified. In one case duplex sonography was negative. The noninvasive procedure of duplex sonography plays an important role in the diagnosis of post-puncture vascular complications. Because of its high accuracy, this simple method should be the first diagnostic step. Intravenous DSA should be used in cases where the results obtained with duplex sonography are equivocal.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Tests evaluating the influence of plasma fatty acid composition on dynamics of the left heart ventricle in children with simple obesity. Part II. The composition of plasma fatty acid percentage and behavior of left heart ventricular contraction in obese children].

Plasma fatty acids contents and dynamics of the left cardiac ventricle contractions were determined in 48 children with simple obesity. Significant deterioration of the dynamics of left ventricle contractions was seen in obese children. It included prolongation of QSIIJ, QI, and PEPI and shortening of LVETI. Correlation of the total contraction time, pre-ejection period and contractility index with plasma saturated and unsaturated fatty acids levels has been demonstrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Tests evaluating the influence of plasma fatty acid composition on the dynamics of contractions of the left heart ventricle in children with simple obesity. Part I. Influence of plasma fatty acid composition in children with simple obesity].

Percent composition of the plasma fatty acids in 48 children with simple obesity was determined with gas-chromatography. Thirty seven healthy, normotensive children served as the control group. An increased content of the saturated fatty acids and decreased content of the unsaturated fatty acids together with the decrease in unsaturated fatty acids:multi-unsaturated fatty acids ratio were seen in children with simple obesity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[The so-called pituitary snuff-taker's lung. A case contribution].

A 37-year-old woman who had developed diabetes insipidus after an abortion, requiring nasal substitution treatment with desmopressin (Minirin), began to suffer from fatigue, nocturnal sweating, cough and dyspnoea on exertion. Exogenous-allergic alveolitis was demonstrated by chest x-ray, lung function tests, blood gas analysis, broncho-alveolar lavage and transbronchial lung biopsy. After changing the treatment to an intramuscularly administered preparation and starting steroid therapy the clinical, radiological and lung function findings rapidly improved.

Administration, Intranasal↗