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Biomedical subjects

M Ueda

Publications and source records attributed to M Ueda.

At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Atrial natriuretic polypeptide after burn injury: blood levels and physiological role in rats.

To define the relationship between atrial natriuretic polypeptide and the physiological changes of water and electrolytes after burns, the changes in plasma hormonal levels, including atrial natriuretic polypeptide, and urinary water and sodium excretions were examined in burned rats. Further, to elucidate the physiological significance of atrial natriuretic polypeptide after burns, the effects of a specific antiserum against atrial natriuretic polypeptide were determined in burned rats. Plasma atrial natriuretic polypeptide levels in rats following 30 per cent BSA full skin thickness burns were elevated for sustained periods (432.3 +/- 156.5 pg/ml, P less than 0.01 on day 1 postburn, 244.5 +/- 73.7 pg/ml, P less than 0.05 on day 3 postburn). Urine volume and sodium excretion decreased significantly during the first 72 h after burns. On day 3 postburn, urine volume and sodium excretion began to increase significantly. Specific rabbit antiserum against atrial natriuretic polypeptide was injected into the burned rats during this diuretic phase. Significant inhibition of diuresis and natriuresis was observed after the injection of antiserum (27.5 +/- 2.4 per cen decrease in urine volume, 57.1 +/- 10.4 per cent decrease in sodium excretion). These results suggest that atrial natriuretic polypeptide plays a physiological role in the regulation of urinary water and sodium excretion after burns.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1990

Reactivity of monoclonal anti-human skin basal cell antibody to cultured keratinocytes in serum-free medium.

The reactivity of the monoclonal anti-human skin basal cell antibody (3B4-6) to cultured keratinocytes was examined by immunofluorescence techniques in order to verify the change in distribution of basal cell antigens during the in vitro differentiation of keratinocytes cultured in serum-free medium. The basal cells' antigen(s) determinants recognized by 3B4-6 were present in the cytoplasm of the cells at low concentration of Ca2+ (0.03 mM). High concentrations of Ca2+ (0.1 mM approximately 0.3 mM) induced the reactivity on the cell surface. This result was confirmed by flow cytometry analysis. The staining pattern was different from that of anti-involucrin antibody in 0.3 mM Ca2+ culture medium. This MoAb might be a useful tool for monitoring the degree of differentiation of cultured keratinocytes.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

Usefulness and limitations of methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin for the treatment of advanced urothelial cancer.

Methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin were used to treat 66 patients with advanced urothelial cancer. Of these 66 patients 58 could be evaluated for response. A total of 84 sites was evaluated in these patients. Response rates were 73% in the bladder, 67% in the renal pelvis, 50% in the ureter, 60% in the lung, 68% in the lymph nodes, 14% in the liver and 25% in the bone. Ten patients (17%) had a complete response and 23 (40%) had a partial response, with an over-all response rate of 57% (the 95% confidence limits are 44 to 69%). The mean durations of response were 10.1 months for complete response patients and 6.2 months for partial response patients. The most prominent toxicity was severe myelosuppression that resulted in 2 septic deaths. While this chemotherapy regimen provided an excellent over-all response rate, the matters of concern were the short duration of response and low effectiveness in the liver and bone.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1990

Peroxisomal isocitrate lyase of the n-alkane-assimilating yeast Candida tropicalis: gene analysis and characterization.

A genomic DNA clone encoding isocitrate lyase, a key enzyme of the glyoxylate cycle and a peroxisomal enzyme of the n-alkane-assimilating yeast Candida tropicalis has been isolated with a cDNA probe from the yeast lambda EMBL library. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the genomic DNA clone disclosed that the region coding isocitrate lyase had a length of 1,650 base pairs, corresponding to 550 amino acids (61,602 Da). RNA blot analysis demonstrated that only one kind of mRNA (2 kb) supposed to be transcribed from this gene was present in the cells. A comparison of the amino acid sequences was made with the isocitrate lyase of castor bean, one of the glyoxysomal enzymes, and the enzyme of E. coli. The isocitrate lyases of C. tropicalis and castor bean had high homology, and the presence of some amino acid stretches conserved in all three enzymes suggests that these might be involved in the catalysis of the common reaction. There was an insertion common to the isocitrate lyases of C. tropicalis and castor bean, which is of interest concerning their evolution. In the C-terminal region, a characteristic sequence similar to that previously proposed as the import signal to peroxisomes was present.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Repression of serotonin secretion by an endogenous Ca2(+)-activated protease in electropermeabilized bovine platelets.

Micromolar levels of free calcium ions added to the extracellular medium elicit secretion of serotonin from electropermeabilized bovine platelets in the presence of millimolar levels of Mg-ATP. Such Ca2(+)-dependent secretion of serotonin was almost completely impaired when the permeabilized platelets were preincubated for 1 min at 35 degrees C in 100 microM Ca2+ without Mg-ATP. The half-maximal effect was observed with about 45 microM Ca2+ in the preincubation medium. Inhibitors of serine-thiol protease, such as leupeptin and antipain, suppressed the impairment of the secretion of serotonin by the preincubation with Ca2+. Electron microscopic observation revealed that disorganization of the cytoskeletal structures, in particular of the membrane undercoat and the network of microfilaments, accompanied the impairment of secretion of serotonin. Microfilaments were also found to be dissociated from dense granules that contained serotonin. These morphological changes were also suppressed when antipain was included in the Ca2(+)-preincubation medium. Coincident with these morphological changes, the following biochemical changes were observed in 100 microM Ca2+ but not in the presence of Ca2+ and antipain. The amount of Triton-insoluble cytoskeleton and the acto-myosin content of the dense-granule fraction were markedly decreased. The decrease in Triton-insoluble cytoskeletons was quantitatively correlated with the degree of impairment of secretion of serotonin. Immunoblot analysis of EGTA extracts of the cells showed that the 240-kDa spectrin in platelets was degraded to a 235-kDa fragment, and a 260-kDa actin-binding protein (ABP) in platelets was partially degraded to 190- and 110-kDa components.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Regulation of renal function in thermal injury.

Hypovolemia, low cardiac output, and systemic vasoconstriction are major etiologic factors in acute renal failure occurring in the early postburn period, and elevated levels of stress-related hormones (catecholamines, angiotensin, aldosterone, and vasopressin) are implicated in the mechanism. By counteracting the effects of the hormones, atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP) regulates the renal response to burns. ANP was elevated after burns, protecting the kidneys by increasing renal blood flow and urine output. In pulmonary acid injury, increased ANP levels were associated with natriuresis which was reduced by administration of anti-ANP serum. Exogenous ANP given to dogs under constant norepinephrine infusion resulted in improvement of hemodynamic and renal parameters. To prevent tubular damage due to hemoglobinuria, a haptoglobin preparation is administered to patients with extensive third-degree burns. With sufficient fluid replacement, these new treatments will reduce the incidence of acute renal failure in the early postburn period.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1990

Association of EGF receptor expression with proliferating cells and of ras p21 expression with differentiating cells in various skin tumours.

The localization of DNA replicating cells, epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor-expressing cells and ras oncogene product p21 (p-21ras) positive cells were examined in various skin tumours to elucidate the role of EGF receptor and p21ras in the epidermis. Normal skin, keratoacanthoma (KA), solar keratosis (SK), Bowen's disease (BD), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and extramammary Paget's disease (PD) were studied. EGF receptors were seen in proliferating layers, where DNA replicating cells localize, but p21ras was found in the more differentiated layers. We conclude that EGF receptor expression is closely associated with cellular proliferation, but p21ras may play a role in the differentiation of cells in various skin tumours.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1990

Enhanced growth of clonogenic cells from acute myeloblastic leukaemia by erythropoietin.

The effect of erythropoietin (Epo) on colony formation by blast progenitors in acute myeloblastic leukaemia other than erythroleukaemia was studied using a blast colony assay. Epo alone did not induce colony formation, but when it was used together with phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated leucocyte-conditioned medium (PHA-LCM) the number of leukaemic colonies significantly increased in nine out of 12 cases studies. Preincubation of Epo with anti-Epo antibody completely abolished this enhancement, indicating that the increase in colony numbers was caused by Epo itself. Cell surface phenotype analysis of colonies produced by Epo plus PHA-LCM showed no increase in percentages of erythroid and megakaryocyte lineages. The addition of Epo also increased the self-renewal capacity of leukaemic blast cells. Fresh leukaemic cells did not express Epo receptors, but they were induced after incubation with PHA-LCM. The present study thus showed that the proliferative response to Epo is not restricted only to the erythroid lineage, but also extends to AML blast cells other than those in erythroleukaemia in the presence of colony stimulating factors.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1990

Prevalence of anti-HCV antibody in blood donors in the Tokyo area.

Prospective studies of posttransfusion hepatitis carried out in the past decade showed that 18.1% of the blood transfusions resulted in non-A non-B hepatitis in Japan. As an approach to the prevention of posttransfusion non-A non-B hepatitis (PTNANB), anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) positivity was measured in 2,970 blood donations in the Tokyo area, and in 200 children aged between 6 and 15 years. Thirty-four cases were anti-HCV-positive, showing an overall positivity of 1.14%. None of the 200 children younger than 15 years old were positive. Correlation of anti-HCV positivity with the serum ALT levels was observed, but by reducing the accepted ALT levels from 35 Karmen Units (KU) down to 25 KU, it is estimated that 62.5% of the observed PTNANB would still have occurred, and 5.1% of the donated blood could not be used for transfusion. On the other hand, it is estimated that the majority of PTNANB could be prevented, with the loss of 1.14% of donated blood units, using the anti-HCV screening test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Disturbance in daily sleep/wake patterns in patients with cognitive impairment and decreased daily activity.

The sleep/wake patterns of 121 chronically ill, mentally and physically handicapped patients were visually monitored hourly for 14 consecutive days. Four types of sleep/wake patterns were found. In order to investigate how cognitive and physical functions correlated with sleep disorders, patients were classified based on a scale of mental function and the grading of daily activity. The percent of total sleep hours and the sleep rating, showing disturbances in sleep/wake pattern, were evaluated. We found a high degree of individuality in sleep/wake patterns. Sleep disturbance was associated with daily activity as well as with cognitive impairment. This monitoring system provides medical personnel with valuable information for clinical management.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1990

Release of ANP and its physiological role in pulmonary injury due to HCl.

The effect of pulmonary injury induced by aspiration of HCl on plasma atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP) level was examined in rats given a constant infusion of water and electrolytes. In addition, using specific antiserum against ANP, we investigated the physiological role of ANP in rats after HCl aspiration. Rats were housed individually in metabolic cages and were given a constant infusion of sodium solution via catheters chronically inserted into the jugular vein. Plasma ANP levels were elevated at 3 and 24 h after tracheal injection of 0.2 ml of 0.1 N HCl via the cricothyroid membrane. Urine volume and urinary sodium excretion increased during the first 24 h after acid aspiration. However, this increase was reduced by the injection of anti-ANP serum. Furthermore, the injection of anti-ANP serum resulted in a significant (P less than 0.05) increase in wet lung weight from a value of 0.74 +/- 0.06 (HCl aspiration with normal rabbit serum injection) to 0.83 +/- 0.07% of body weight. These results indicate that ANP plays a physiological role in the regulation of urinary water and sodium excretion after pulmonary acid injury and suggest that ANP elevated in plasma after pulmonary injury may prevent pulmonary edema with its diuretic action and/or some direct action on water movement in the lung.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Antiplaque activity of some antimicrobial agents using a simple in vitro method.

Some antimicrobial compounds were tested for their antiplaque activity by a simple method involving measurement of the weight of Streptococcus sobrinus plaque on a glass surface. Chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride, and n-tetradecylamine reduced the weight of plaque produced by S. sobrinus in vitro; some N-palmityl and palmitoyl derivatives of polymethylenediamines were also found to possess antiplaque activity. The results suggest that an antiplaque effect does not necessarily depend on high bactericidal activity.

Amines↗
PubMed1990

Effects of dilevalol on adrenoceptors in isolated cat arteries.

The effects of dilevalol on vascular adrenoceptors were investigated using helical strips of cat arteries. In coronary arteries partially pre-contracted with prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), the concentration-relaxant response curves for isoproterenol were shifted to the right by dilevalol with a potency similar to that of propranolol, although dilevalol itself did not relax the arteries. Contractions induced by norepinephrine of mesenteric arteries were attenuated by low concentrations of prazosin but were not influenced by yohimbine of up to 10(-8) M. In contrast, the norepinephrine-induced contractions of middle cerebral arteries were attenuated by yohimbine but only slightly attenuated by prazosin. With mesenteric arteries, treatment with dilevalol (10(-7) to 10(-5) M) attenuated the contractions induced by norepinephrine and phenylephrine in a concentration-dependent manner. On the other hand, contractions induced by norepinephrine and clonidine in middle cerebral arteries were not attenuated by treatment with dilevalol of up to 10(-6) M. Treatment with low concentrations of dilevalol (10(-8) to 10(-7) M) potentiated the contractile response to the electrical stimulation of adrenergic nerves in mesenteric arteries while high concentrations (3 x 10(-7) to 10(-5) M) attenuated it. The potentiation was reversed to attenuation by pretreatment with propranolol. Treatment with isoproterenol (10(-10) to 10(-9) M) also potentiated the contractile response to the electrical stimulation in the arteries. Isoproterenol did not cause any relaxation of mesenteric arteries precontracted with PGF2 alpha. Attenuations by clonidine of the response to the electrical stimulation in the arteries did not significantly differ in control arteries and those treated with a high concentration (10(-6) M) of dilevalol.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Cardiac sarcoidosis.

The present report describes a patient with cardiac sarcoidosis who developed complete right bundle branch block, complete atrioventricular block and subsequent congestive heart failure. The patient demonstrated no clinical evidence of systemic sarcoidosis. Upon postmortem examination, the myocardium showed extensive noncaseating granuloma with numerous multinucleated giant cells. An initial routine microscopic examination of the lung revealed no evidence of granulomatous lesions. However, an extensive microscopic examination of the lung using serial sections demonstrated inconspicuous granulomatous lesions with giant cells. Thereby, a diagnosis of sarcoidosis was made. All other organs were free of granulomatous inflammation in spite of an extensive microscopic examination through serial sections. The present case suggests that a careful and extensive microscopic examination of the other organs may be necessary to establish a diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis.

Cardiomyopathies↗
PubMed1990

Epithelial cell clusters of distal convoluted tubules in end-stage chronic glomerulonephritis.

Differences in the pathologic changes of the proximal convoluted tubules, the cortical segments of the thick ascending limbs of the loops of Henle, and the distal convoluted tubules in the end-stage kidneys with chronic glomerulonephritis were studied by means of both light and electron microscopy. Kidneys with chronic glomerulonephritis were obtained from 8 non-dialyzed patients at autopsy and 9 dialyzed patients at the time of nephrectomy prior to renal transplantation. Epithelial cell clusters with clear cytoplasm, decreases in the luminal and outer diameters of the tubules, and thin basement membranes were observed in both the non-dialyzed and dialyzed kidneys to varying degrees. The epithelial cell clusters were more extensive and distinct in kidneys from patients with a long history of chronic glomerulonephritis and/or long-term hemodialysis. Electron microscopy of the epithelial cell clusters revealed the absence or narrowing of lumens and luminal surfaces that were smooth except for a few short microvilli. Observation of serial sections showed that these epithelial cell clusters were derived from the distal convoluted tubules belonging to obsolescent glomeruli. This form of tubular change is quite different from the well-known atrophy of the proximal convoluted tubules belonging to obsolescent glomeruli in chronic glomerulonephritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Distribution of enzymatically pathogenic bacteria from periodontal pocket in advancing periodontitis].

Production of 9 enzymatic activities of 527 strains freshly isolated from periodontal pockets in advancing periodontitis were investigated. Of these isolates, two strains showed lecithinase activity on egg yolk agar plate. Collagenase, plasmin and lipase were produced by 28 strains, 26 strains and 22 strains, respectively. Two lecithinase-producing strains were identified as Bacteroides intermedius. Nineteen strains of B. intermedius and 1 strain of Fusobacterium species produced lipase on egg yolk agar plate. All of the 28 collagenase-producing strains were B. gingivalis. B. gingivalis (20 strains) and non black-pigmented Bacteroides (6 strains) showed plasmin activity. These results indicate that Bacteroides species, mainly B. gingivalis and B. intermedius may exert an important influence on the exacerbation of the disease.

Bacteroides↗