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Biomedical subjects

M Tsuji

Publications and source records attributed to M Tsuji.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

A schizophrenic patient who developed extreme hypothermia after an increase in the dose of haloperidol: a case report.

A patient with chronic schizophrenia, who had been treated for a long time with chlorpromazine, haloperidol, levodopa, benserazide hydrochloride, diazepam and biperiden, developed extreme hypothermia (about 32 degrees C) when the dose of haloperidol was increased because of a deterioration of the patient's mental symptoms. No other physical manifestations were observed, except bradycardia. The turnover of noradrenaline in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood was increased in association with the hypothermia in this patient. A hypothesis about the involvement of monoamine imbalance in changes in body temperature is discussed.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1994

Inhibitory effects of transforming growth factor-beta 1 on androgen-induced development of neonatal mouse seminal vesicles in vitro.

The effects of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF beta 1) on the development of seminal vesicles (SVs) of neonatal mice were investigated in vitro. SVs from 0-day-old male mice were cultured for 2-8 days in serum-free, chemically defined medium with or without 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) at 10(-8) M in the presence or absence of TGF beta 1. Before culture, SVs from 0-day-old mice had no epithelial branches. SVs cultured in medium with DHT formed numerous epithelial branches after day 2 of culture, whereas epithelial branching did not occur in SVs cultured without DHT. The addition of TGF beta 1 (10 ng/ml) to DHT-containing medium almost completely inhibited the formation of epithelial branches. However, the removal of TGF beta 1 from DHT-containing medium on day 2 or 4 of culture initiated the formation of epithelial branches. TGF beta 1 (10 ng/ml) decreased [3H]thymidine labeling indices of both epithelium and mesenchyme of SVs cultured in medium with DHT during 8 days of culture, an effect that was reversed after the removal of TGF beta 1 from the medium on day 2 or 4 of culture. In contrast, TGF beta 1 (10 ng/ml) did not affect the labeling indices of either epithelium or mesenchyme of SVs cultured in medium without DHT. TGF beta 1 (10 ng/ml) also suppressed the normal increase in protein and DNA contents of SVs cultured in medium with DHT, whereas it did not reduce protein or DNA contents of SVs cultured in medium without DHT. The present study indicates that androgen-dependent growth of the SV can be reversibly inhibited by TGF beta 1, whereas androgen-independent growth of the SV is insensitive to TGF beta 1.

Androgens↗
PubMed1994

5 alpha-reductase activity in developing urogenital tracts of fetal and neonatal male mice.

5 alpha-Reductase activity in testes and urogenital tract tissues from male mice at 14.5 days gestation and 0 days of age (birth) was assessed by measurement of metabolites of testosterone released into the medium in a serum-free culture system. In male mice at 14.5 days gestation, the testis and the cranial portion of the urogenital ridge (UGR), which develops into the epididymis, had little 5 alpha-reductase activity. The caudal portion of the UGR, which develops into the seminal vesicle (SV), and the cranial portion of the urogenital sinus (UGS) had 12-fold higher activity than the cranial portion of the UGR. 5 alpha-Reductase activity in the middle portion of UGR was intermediate between that of its cranial and caudal portions. The highest levels of 5 alpha-reductase activity were detected in the caudal portion of UGS, even though this higher value was not significantly different from those in the caudal UGR or the cranial UGS. In 0-day-old male mice, 5 alpha-reductase activity of testis remained low at a level similar to that observed at 14.5 days gestation. The epididymis also exhibited low 5 alpha-reductase activity in 0-day-old mice, even though this activity had increased 2.2-fold relative to that observed in the cranial UGR at 14.5 days gestation. 5 alpha-Reductase activity of the cranial portion of UGS (prostatic rudiment) was relatively high on day 0 and similar to that in the same region at 14.5 days gestation. The SV and bulbourethral gland (BUG) on day 0 had high 5 alpha-reductase activity, which had increased 1.4- and 1.3-fold, respectively, compared to their 14.5 day embryonic anlage, although the increase was not significant. Through examination of 5 alpha-reductase activity regionally in the developing urogenital tract, it is evident that the concept that testosterone is the active androgen during Wolffian development is overly simplified. The present study suggests the importance of spatial/regional factors in Wolffian duct development in regard to the role of dihydrotestosterone. 5 alpha-reductase activity in the caudal Wolffian duct (SV rudiment) equals or exceeds that in the developing prostate, and at birth, dihydrotestosterone production is virtually identical in the SV and prostate. This suggests that 5 alpha-reduced androgens play a prominent role in the development of SV.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1994

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene: two common mutations and their effect on plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol content.

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein regulates high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level, and genetic deficiency causes hyperalphalipoproteinemia (HALP). The G to A mutation in the intron 14 splice donor (I14A) has been known to be a common mutation in HALP. Recently, another mutant, D442G (Asp 442 to Gly), was ascertained. The allelic frequencies of I14A and D442G were investigated using 226 unrelated patients with HDL-C of 1.03 mmol/L (40 mg/dL) or greater. Of these, 44 had a mutation I14A and/or D442G. The I14A was found in 15, including 4 compound heterozygotes (I14A/D442G) in patients with HDL-C of 2.05 mmol/L (80 mg/dL) or greater. All I14A homozygotes (n = 5) were present in the group with HDL-C of 3.08 mmol/L (120 mg/dL) or greater, and the allelic frequency paralleled the increase in HDL-C level. D442G was identified in 33, including the 4 compound heterozygotes. Its allelic frequency appeared as two clusters, one at HDL-C around 1.79-2.03 mmol/L (70-79 mg/dL) and the other at HDL-C of 2.82 mmol/L (110 mg/dL) or greater; the latter consisted exclusively of compound heterozygotes. Allelic frequency in the general population for I14A and D442G was 0.81% and 4.62%, respectively. These data suggest that D442G is a common mutation and that, although I14A is responsible for the most severe HALP, D442G leads to a relatively smaller increase in HDL-C.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Transfusion with xenogeneic erythrocytes into SCID mice and their clearance from the circulation.

We have previously demonstrated that the red blood cells (RBCs) in the blood circulation of SCID mice could be almost completely substituted with bovine RBCs by means of repeated transfusions. In the present study, transfusion experiments were carried out with RBCs from various animal species to investigate the ability of SCID mice to accept xenogeneic RBCs. Bovine (Bo), equine (Eq), human (Hu) and murine (Mu) RBCs were labeled with a fluorescent dye to trace their trafficking in the blood stream. Following the intravenous injection these RBCs were cleared from the circulation at various rates; the 1/100 reduction time in the labeled cell counts was 2 to 7 days, 4 to 7 hr and 1 to 2 hr with Bo-, Hu- and Eq-RBCs, respectively. In contrast, labeled Mu-RBCs from not only syngeneic but also allogeneic mouse strain were able to stay over 50 days. The difference in clearance rates was attributable to the difference in uptake of the RBCs by the splenic macrophages. The clearance rates of labeled RBCs were significantly decreased by co-transfusion with unlabeled RBCs of the same species, indicating that xenogeneic RBCs were recognized by the reticulo-endothelial system of SCID mice in a species-specific fashion. Furthermore, at least in the case of Hu-RBC, the complement component 3 may play a role in the Hu-RBC clearance in SCID mice since C3 deposition was observed on Hu-RBCs but not on Bo- and Eq-RBCs.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

A family with complete deficiency of plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein activities.

A 43-year-old male with a high value of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (151 mg/dl) was found among subjects receiving annual health checks. We investigated the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity and conducted a family study. There was complete deficiency of CETP activities in the proband and his sister, and partial deficiency of CETP activities in his mother and daughter. Genetic analysis revealed a splicing defect (G to A point mutation) in intron 14 of the CETP gene.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[A case of subperitoneal tuberculosis revealed by abdominal pain during pulmonary tuberculosis treatments].

The case was a 58 year-old female. During hospitalization for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, she complained of pain in the left hypochondriac region. Abdominal CT revealed a mass between the abdominal wall and left lobe of the liver. Metastatic liver carcinoma was suspected by aspiration cytology, but no primary tumor could be identified. Therefore, an exploratory laparotomy was done, and the mass proved to be a subperitoneal tuberculoma. Tuberculous lymphadenitis was also found in lymph nodes of the upper abdominal cavity. Tuberculosis in the abdominal cavity has been rare in recent times in Japan. Therefore, this case provides valuable experience in the differential diagnosis of an abdominal mass.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1994

[A case of benign epilepsy of children with centro-temporal EEG foci with multiple arachnoid cysts].

An 8-year-old boy with benign epilepsy of children with centro-temporal EEG foci (BECCT) with multiple arachnoid cysts was reported. He had febrile convulsions 3 times, for a few minutes each time, at the age of 7 months, and thereafter had generalized tonic-clonic convulsions of 2 minute duration twice in 2 days without fever. EEG showed spike & wave complexes predominantly in the right central area. CT revealed arachnoid cysts in the right temporal lobe and cerebellar hemisphere, and left frontal and central sulci. He has been treated with carbamazepine without neurosurgical operation for the arachnoid cysts, and no seizure has occurred besides a single episode at the age of 3 years. Only 3 cases of BECCT with arachnoid cysts have been reported in the literature. Two of these cases underwent neurosurgical operations for arachnoid cysts, but the operations led to improvement in neither the clinical course nor EEG findings. It is suggested that arachnoid cysts do not lead to poorer prognosis in a patient with BECCT.

Arachnoid Cysts↗
PubMed1994

[Empiric therapy with fluconazole in granulocytopenic patients with carcinoma or leukemia].

We performed a randomized clinical trial in granulocytopenic patients with carcinoma or leukemia. Patients with persistent fever for more than 2 days despite antibiotic therapy were randomized to antibiotic plus fluconazole therapy group (FLCZ group) or antibiotic therapy only group (antibiotic group) by the envelope method. It was possible to evaluate clinical efficacies in 62 patients (37 patients in FLCZ group and 25 patients in antibiotics group). In patients whose neutrophil counts were less than 100/microliters on the initial day of therapy, clinical efficacy rates were 72.0% (18/25) in FLCZ group and 57.1% (8/14) in antibiotics group. In patients whose neutrophil counts continued to be less than 100/microliters during therapy, clinical efficacy rates were 64.3% (9/14) and 50.0% (3/6), respectively. Further, in patients whose neutrophil counts continued to be less than 500/microliters during therapy, they were 76.9% (20/26) and 53.3% (8/15), respectively. No severe side effects nor severe case of abnormal change in laboratory test values due to fluconazole were observed in this trial. These data suggest that empiric antifungal therapy with fluconazole is effective for fungal infections in granulocytopenic patients with carcinoma and leukemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Near-infrared Fourier transform Raman spectroscopic study of cornea and sclera.

Near-infrared excited Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy was applied in situ on intact rabbit cornea and sclera. High quality Raman spectra were obtained noninvasively from these tissues. The characteristic bands assigned to proline and hydroxyproline appeared in the region of 800-1000 cm-1. Raman spectra of purified type I collagen and other components of the cornea and sclera were also determined. The main elements of the spectra of the cornea and sclera originated from the collagen proteins, and other components such as proteoglycan contributed little. Near-infrared excited Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy can be used for biophysical study of the cornea and sclera in situ or in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Evaluation of pulmonary arterial trunk on frontal chest radiograph in patients with atrial septal defects].

Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the most common congenital cardiac anomalies encountered in adulthood. The evaluation of the pulmonary hypertension in ASD is clinically important for operative indication and prognosis. The pulmonary vasculature in chest radiographs in patients with ASD is characterized as dilatation of the central pulmonary arteries and increase of the peripheral pulmonary vessels in patients without pulmonary arterial hypertension (PH) and constriction of the peripheral pulmonary arteries in those with pulmonary hypertension. While the dilatation of the main pulmonary artery occurs in the patients both with and without pulmonary hypertension, its precise radiographic evaluation with regard to the morphological and hemodynamic change of the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries has not been reported. This study was to determine if the contour of the main pulmonary artery segment of the cardiac silhouette in the conventional frontal chest radiograph could be used 1) as indicators of PH or raised right ventricular pressure and 2) as a reliable base for evaluation of the size of the right ventricule (RV) in ASD. The intersection of the line (line A) drawn tangentially to the lateral lower margin of the main pulmonary artery segment to the horizontal line at the left hemidiaphragm is closely related to the apex of RV as measured by right ventricular angiography in supine position. The ratios of the distance of the intersection from the midline of the frontal chest radiograph to the internal diameter of the left hemithorax in normal subjects were 0.50 +/- 0.08 (mean +/- standard deviation) for male and 0.54 +/- 0.09 for female. The ratio increased with increasing left-to-right shunt [0.59(Qp/QS < 2), and 0.71 (Qp/QS > 2)] and shows a tendency of decrease with raised right ventricular systolic pressure (0.52-0.64 in normal subjects and patients with mild raised right ventricular systolic pressure and 0.43 in patients with severe raised right ventricular systolic pressure). The measurement of the angle of the line A from the vertical line tends to show increasing decrease with raised pulmonary arterial and right ventricular systolic pressure (20.1 degrees +/- 4.9 in mild PH and 10.3 degrees +/- 4.1 in moderate to severe PH). The decrease of the angle of the line A to the vertical line was well correlated with conventional radiographic criteria of the right and left central pulmonary arteries of PH.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Profound, reversible energy loss in the hypoxic immature rat brain.

The goal of this study was to compare the effects of oxygen deprivation on cellular energy state and pH in the developing and adult rat brain. Relative quantities of phosphocreatine (PC), inorganic phosphorus (P(i)), and nucleoside triphosphates (NTP), and intracellular pH, were determined using in vivo 31P NMR spectroscopy at different postnatal ages (postnatal day (P) 2-6, P9-13, P16-20, P23-27) in the hypoxic rat brain (7 min, 4% O2). While a significant increase in P(i) was seen at all ages during hypoxia, a severe but reversible reduction in concentrations of PC (80-100% decrease) and NTP (40-50% decrease) was observed only at P9-13. This dramatic response was not seen in older (> P16) or younger (< P6) animals. These latter groups responded with moderate decreases in brain PC (50-60% decrease) and NTP (20-40% decrease). In addition, the youngest animals showed much less intracellular brain acidosis than the other age groups. The transient period of development during which the brain exhibits heightened susceptibility to hypoxic energy failure coincides with known changes in brain energy production pathways and susceptibility to hypoxia-induced excitability.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1993

Pfs2400 can mediate antibody-dependent malaria transmission inhibition and may be the Plasmodium falciparum 11.1 gene product.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) have been raised against Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte stage protein extracts, in an effort to identify novel parasite antigens that might mediate malaria transmission-blocking immunity. mAb 1A1 identified Pfs2400, a sexual stage-specific antigen of greater than 2 megadaltons, that is associated with the outer leaflet of the parasitophorous vacuole membrane in mature circulating gametocyte-infected red blood cells. Upon induction of gametogenesis, Pfs2400 partitions between the gamete plasmalemma and the degenerating erythrocyte membrane. The antigen is no longer detectable in the fully emerged gamete. mAb 1A1 dramatically reduces the number of oocysts formed in P. falciparum gametocyte-fed mosquitoes. The cognate antigen is probably the product of the Pf11.1 gene (Scherf et al. 1988. EMBO [Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.]J. 7:1129) on the basis that a peptide composed of two copies of the degenerate nine amino acid repeat sequence in the Pf11.1 protein, can inhibit binding of mAb1A1 to the native antigen. The mechanism of transmission inhibition mediated by the Pfs2400 is discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Effects of pretreatment with androgen or thyroid hormone on androgen-induced proliferation of granular convoluted tubular cells in mouse submandibular glands.

The effects of pretreatment with androgen or thyroid hormone on androgen-induced proliferation of granular convoluted tubular cells (GCT cells) in the submandibular glands of ovariectomized female BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice were investigated. The proliferation of GCT cells was estimated by their labeling index. Daily injections of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) (100 micrograms/mouse/day) caused a transient increase in the labeling index of GCT cells of ovariectomized 60-day-old BALB/c mice during the first four injections, but injections of thyroxine (T4) (15 micrograms/mouse/day) did not. On the other hand, both DHT and T4 increased the esteroprotease activity, a marker of the differentiation of GCT cells, time dependently. Injections of DHT into ovariectomized 102-day-old BALB/c mice also caused a transient increase in the labeling index of GCT cells. However, pretreatment of ovariectomized 60-day-old BALB/c mice with DHT for 4 or 14 days completely abolished the DHT-induced increase in the labeling index of 102-day-old mice, and pretreatment with T4 for 14 days reduced this increase. Pretreatment with DHT or T4 for 14 days did not affect the DHT-induced increase in esteroprotease activity. Pretreatment of ovariectomized 60-day-old C57BL/6 mice with DHT for 14 days also completely abolished the DHT-induced increase in the labeling index of GCT cells at the age of 102 days, but pretreatment with T4 for 14 days did not affect the increase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Theileria sergenti infection in the Bo-RBC-SCID mouse model.

We have previously developed the Bo-RBC-SCID mouse model for Theileria sergenti infection. In the present study, this model was further examined to delineate the models of parasite infection. The Bo-RBC-SCID mice were prepared by periodically transfusing uninfected bovine erythrocytes (Bo-RBCs) into splenectomized SCID mice via the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route. The mice, separated into three groups, were inoculated i.p., intravenously (i.v.), or subcutaneously (s.c.) with T. sergenti-infected Bo-RBCs. Examination of samples of peripheral blood demonstrated that the parasite infected mice inoculated via any one of the three routes. The mice inoculated i.v., however, developed parasitemia earlier than those inoculated i.p. or s.c. When Bo-RBC-SCID mice prepared without splenectomy were infected with T. sergenti, a high-level parasitemia appeared only once. After that, not only the level of parasitemia but also the number of Bo-RBCs in the peripheral blood rapidly decreased despite the continuation of Bo-RBC transfusions. The results suggest that T. sergenti proliferates primarily in the circulating blood in Bo-RBC-SCID mice and that in response to the parasites growth, the spleen may play an important role in the removal of both parasitized and unparasitized Bo-RBCs from the blood circulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament with LAD-augmented semitendinosus and gracilis tendons: a preliminary report.

We present our technique for reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) using the semitendinosus and gracilis tendons with the Kennedy ligament augmentation device (LAD). The safe and excellent exposure of the posterior aspect of the knee allowed us to identify the most isometric position in the intercondylar notch of the femur. In addition to this advantage, firm fixation of the LAD-augmented tendons with staples prevented the tibia from sagging posteriorly during early protected motion of the knee. Evaluation of 12 patients followed for more than 2 years showed 9 (75%) good results. In this small series no correlation was found between clinical results and the number of major structures injured, indicating that postoperative care is as important as isometric placement of the PCL in obtaining satisfactory results.

Adolescent↗