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Biomedical subjects

M Totsuka

Publications and source records attributed to M Totsuka.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Aminopeptidase and caseinolytic activities of Mycoplasma salivarium.

Aminopeptidase activity was demonstrated in Mycoplasma salivarium (ATCC 23064) cells disrupted by sonic vibrations and lyophilized (crude enzymes), and weak endopeptidase or carboxypeptidase activity was also suggested. The crude enzymes were suspended in 0.1 M borate buffer, pH 8.0, containing 0.5% (w/v) sodium deoxycholate, and then the suspensions were centrifuged at 100,000 g for 2 h. Thus separated, the supernatants were applied to a column of Sephacryl S-300. As a result, aminopeptidase activity was separated from caseinolytic activity, which had already been demonstrated in this organism. The aminopeptidase activity was inhibited by o-phenanthroline and stimulated by Mn2+, and the enzyme exhibited a strong affinity for leucine and arginine. On the other hand, the caseinolytic activity was inhibited considerably by o-phenanthroline and Ni2+ and slightly by diisopropyl fluorophosphate and Co2+. The caseinolytic activity was therefore believed to be due mainly to metalloproteinases and partly to serine proteinases.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1984

Effects of anti-shock agents on the re-opened superior mesenteric artery flow.

We investigated intestinal blood circulation after re-opening of a fixed-time occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) in rabbits. The SMA root was occluded for 60 minutes, after which blood pressure and SMA flow were monitored for one hundred minutes under the administration with fluid infusion of three anti-shock agents; dopamine, phenoxybenzamine and dexamethasone. The intestinal wall tissue circulation in parallel with SMA flow was also studied. Blood pressure and SMA flow decreased after release of the SMA occlusion (SMAO), as compared those during pre-occlusive time in the control group. Fluid infusion alone did not improve blood pressure and SMA flow. Pre-administration of dexamethasone with fluid infusion improved blood pressure, SMA flow and the survival rate. Phenoxybenzamine with fluid infusion improved SMA flow, despite the low blood pressure. Circulatory damage to the intestinal wall was more extensive than that to SMA flow. These findings suggest that the severity and mortality of SMAO shock was not caused by plasma loss but rather by toxic metabolites and endotoxin from the ischemic intestine.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Endogenous endotoxin absorption and the role of intestinal lymphatics.

We investigated the absorption routes of endotoxin derived from the intestine of rabbits with or without thoracic duct lymph drainage (TDLD). The intestinal circulatory disorders induced were superior mesenteric artery occlusion (SMAO) and superior mesenteric vein occlusion (SMVO). Detection and quantitation of endotoxin in plasma and lymph were carried out using a synthetic chromogenic substrate (peptide-4-methyl-coumarin amide, MCA). In the SMAO group, endotoxin levels in portal plasma exceeded levels in lymph from the thoracic duct throughout the experiment, and in the SMVO group, the relationship was reversed. In peripheral arterial blood, endotoxin levels were significantly lower in rabbits with TDLD than in those with intact lymphatic system. Intestinal lymphatics probably play an important role in appearance of systemic endotoxemia in non-septic shock.

Absorption↗
PubMed1983

[Immunohistological studies on the identification of T cells and T cell subsets infiltrating in human stomach cancer tissues].

T cells and T cell subsets in human gastric cancer tissues were identified using the immunoperoxidase technique with anti-T cell monoclonal antibodies (Leu-1, Leu-2, Leu-3 and Leu-4), anti-HLA-DR(Ia) monocronal antibody, and anti-Ig sera. The majority of lymphocytes infiltrating into gastric cancer tissues were Leu-1 and Leu-4 positive T cells; they consisted of a Leu-2 positive T cell subset (Tc/s) and a Leu-3 positive T cell subset (Th/i). Leu-2 positive T cells infiltrated the gastric cancer tissues of 6 patients with a moderate or marked degree of lymphocyte infiltration; Leu-3 positive T cells infiltrated these tissues of 11 patients. These results show that the degree of T cell and T cell subset infiltration may effect the host-tumor relationship.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

[Development of MOF as result of DIC. Clinical and experimental studies].

Sixty three percent of 60 cases of clinically diagnosed Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) developed to Multiple Organ Failure (MOF) and the mortality was high in the group which showed organ failure before the manifestation of DIC. The mortality of MOF cases was 91.6% and the presence of organ failure before or after DIC manifestation did not affect the mortality. Among 41 autopsy cases, microscopic examination showed pathohistological DIC in 19 cases even in basic lesion bearing cases without any clinical DIC signs (31.3%). Clinically and experimentally it was suggested that intrinsic and extrinsic endotoxin, namely, hepatic failure, infection etc. may play an important role in manifestation of DIC and development of MOF. Once DIC appears, hypercoagulability and hyperfibrinolysis will develop, then microthrombus in organs will appear in quite early phase of clinical course. Organ specificity and intraorganic specificity might be explained by anatomical factor and local fibrinolysis, etc.. In conclusion, the early detection of DIC and employment of protective treatment for organ failure are though necessary to improve prognosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Carcinoid of the stomach: a case report and review of 100 cases reported in Japan.

A case of carcinoid of the stomach is described and a review of 100 patients with carcinoid of the stomach reported in Japan up to 1980 is made. Of the 100 cases, the male to female ratio was 2.54. Typical clinical manifestations of the carcinoid syndrome were quite rare. Metastases to the liver were observed in 76% of cases with tumours larger than 5 cm in diameter. The liver and lymph nodes were common sites of metastases. Carcinoids arising from the anterior wall of the stomach also showed a high incidence of metastasis. As a result of histochemical examinations, it was revealed that the nonreactive cell type was found in 31% of cases, while the argentaffin cell type was found in only 10%. Confirmation of the diagnosis of carcinoid is sometimes difficult. Occasionally, therefore, electron-microscopic demonstration of specific secretory granules becomes essential for the final diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Comparative study on cefmetazole and cefazolin in the treatment of suppurative otitis media].

Cefmetazole (CMZ) was compared to cefazolin (CEZ) for efficacy and safety in the treatment of suppurative otitis media (including acute otitis media and chronic otitis media in acute aggravating stage) under well controlled clinical trials. The therapeutic effects were analyzed statistically in 172 patients (82 administered CMZ, 90 administered CEZ). The adverse reactions were also analyzed statistically in 199 patients (CMZ 99, CEZ 100) in whom the judgement was possible. 1. The efficacy rate of CMZ (72.3% for good to excellent response) was assessed by physicians in charge to be similar to that of CEZ (59.3%). This was the same being assessed by the committee, too (CMZ 64.6%, CEZ 56.7%). 2. When patients were classified into 2 groups (acute otitis media, chronic otitis media in acute aggravating stage) with respect to diagnosis, statistically significant difference in clinical efficacy assessed by physicians in charge was observed in the cases with chronic otitis media (CMZ, CEZ). In addition, the improvements of flares on the drum membrane and the mucous membrane of eardrum were significantly better in the CMZ group than in the CEZ group. 3. Bacteriologically, 16 cases (19.8%) of S. aureus were resistant to CEZ, while only 1 case (1.2%) to CMZ. CMZ was judged to be effective in 5 of the 6 cases in which CEZ-resistant strains were detected. 4. Side effects were found in 2 cases (2.0%) treated with CMZ: one complained of retching and abdominal pain and the other developed skin eruption. On the other hand, only 1 case (1.0%) developed skin eruption in the CEZ group. These results suggest that CMZ is a new antibiotic agent which is highly valuable in the treatment of suppurative otitis media.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Studies on the etiologic mechanism of anisakiasis. --1. Immunological reactions of digestive tract induced by Anisakis larva.

In an attempt to determine the etiological mechanism of anisakiasis, immunological studies were performed using guinea pigs and rabbits. In order to carry out these examinations, we used a specific antigen, hemoglobin of Anisakis larva. We demonstrate that the etiological mechanism of anisakiasis involves anaphylactic reaction as well as Arthus reaction in the digestive tract. Cell-mediated immune reaction also have to consider the relation of establishment of allergic condition in experimental anisakiasis. These results suggest that the three types allergic reaction may play the main role in clinical symptomes of human anisakiasis.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1980

Studies on the etiologic mechanism of anisakiasis. --2. Epidemiologic study of inhabitants and questionaire survey in Japan.

A nationwide investigation on the incidence of anisakiasis over a period of 5 years from 1973 through to 1977 was conducted by questionaire sent to 851 main medical centers throughout Japan. The number of cases for all Japanese for a period of 5 years were 334 cases of gastric anisakiasis and 45 intestinal anisakiasis. We investigated both a random group of 3,108 inhabitants of Hokkaido and 42 anisakiasis patients using skin test, indirect hemagglutination test and measurement of serum IgE. We have demonstrated that the etiologic mechanism of acute anisakiasis involved anaphylactic reaction as well as Arthus reaction in the digestive tract.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Hydroxyapatite-reactive salivary protein revealed by iso-electrofocusing electrophoresis.

Salivary protein involvement in the formation of acquired enamel pellicle, so far, has been discussed in terms of hydroxyapatite (HA)-reactive salivary proteins only from the parotid gland. This study was undertaken to seek this type of protein in the human whole (mixed) saliva and to investigate its normal and pathological variations. Several kinds of hydroxyapatite, either biogenous or synthesized by solid phase reaction, were used as a powder (250 mesh). HA was incubated with concentrated whole saliva at 25 degrees for 30 min. After centrifugation and filtration salivary proteins were analysed on a Multiphor isoelectrofocusing gel electrophoresis. The control salivary proteins were separated into three major groups; acidic (A1-A8), neutral neutral (N1-N4), and basic (B1-B3) isoelectric point (pI). In the HA incubated sample, one of the major neutral bands (NI) preferentially disappeared at about pI 7.5. This NI band was missing or scarce in the parotid saliva and had an amino acid composition rich in glycine, lysine, serine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and histidine. This protein was considered to be one of the major HA-reactive proteins in human whole saliva.

Adsorption↗