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Biomedical subjects

M Tomoda

Publications and source records attributed to M Tomoda.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Anti-complementary and hypoglycemic activities of the glycans from the seeds of Malva verticillata.

Seven polysaccharides and peptidoglycans obtained from the seeds of Malva verticillata were tested for anti-complementary activity. Remarkable activities were observed for MVS-I and MVS-IIA. The former is mainly composed of beta-1,3-linked D-glucan and of alpha-1,5-linked L-arabino-beta-3,6-branched D-galactan, and the latter is essentially alpha-1,5-linked L-arabino-beta-3,6-branched D-galactan. Further, considerable activities were observed for MVS-IIIA and MVS-IVA. Both glycans possess arabino-3,6-galactan moieties accompanying alpha-1,3-linked L-arabinopyranosyl, beta-1,4-linked D-xylosyl, and alpha-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid units. In addition, the major neutral polysaccharide (MVS-I), the major peptidoglycan (MVS-V), and the polysaccharide-rich fraction (MVS-V-CH) obtained from MVS-V were tested for hypoglycemic activity. MVS-I especially showed remarkable activity, and MVS-V-CH also exhibited significant activity. From the viewpoint of structural features, the latter belongs to pectic substances.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Preparative high-performance liquid chromatography on chemically modified porous glass. Isolation of saponins from ginseng.

Preparative high-performance liquid chromatography on octadecylsilyl porous glass (pore size, 550 A) with acetonitrile-water as the mobile phase was applied for the isolation of saponins from Panax ginseng. In a single run, several milligrams of pure ginsenosides were obtained from 10 g of roots of Panax ginseng. The method was simple, rapid and convenient and should be applicable to isolation of other saponins of crude drugs.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1990

Characterization of two polysaccharides having activity on the reticuloendothelial system from the root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis.

Two polysaccharides, called glycyrrhizans UA and UB, were isolated from the root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer. They were homogeneous on electrophoresis and gel chromatography, and showed reticuloendothelial system-potentiating activity in a carbon clearance test. Glycyrrhizan UA is composed of L-arabinose: D-galactose: L-rhamnose: D-galacturonic acid in the molar ratio of 20:14:1:3, and glycyrrhizan UB is composed of L-arabinose: D-galactose: D-glucose: L-rhamnose: D-galacturonic acid in the molar ratio of 12:10:1:10:20, in addition to small amounts of O-acetyl groups and peptide moiety, respectively. About 10% (glycyrrhizan UA) and 35% (glycyrrhizan UB) of the D-galacturonic acid residues exist as the methyl esters. Methylation analysis, carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance and periodate oxidation studies indicated their structural features.

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
PubMed1990

Constituents of the seed of Malva verticillata. VI. Characterization and immunological activities of a novel acidic polysaccharide.

A novel acidic polysaccharide, designated as MVS-VI, was isolated from the seeds of Malva verticillata L. It was homogeneous on electrophoresis and gel chromatography, and its molecular mass was estimated to be 26000. It is composed of L-arabinose: D-xylose: D-galactose: D-glucose: L-rhamnose: D-galacturonic acid in the molar ratio of 30: 15: 20: 3: 2: 10, in addition to small amounts of peptide moiety. Methylation analysis, carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance and periodate oxidation studies indicated its structural features to have mainly acidic alpha-arabino-3,6-beta-galactan type structural units. MVS-VI showed significant reticuloendothelial system-potentiating activity in a carbon clearance test, and it possesses remarkable anti-complementary activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A novel neutral polysaccharide having activity on the reticuloendothelial system from the root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis.

A neutral polysaccharide, named glycyrrhizan UC, was isolated from the root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer. It was homogeneous on electrophoresis and gel chromatography, and its molecular mass was estimated to be 69,000. Glycyrrhizan UC is composed of L-arabinose:D-galactose:D-glucose:L-rhamnose in the molar ratio of 10:30 27:1. Methylation analysis, carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance and periodate oxidation studies indicated its structural feature as an arabino-3,6-galacto-glucan type polysaccharide.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Characterization of polysaccharides having activity on the reticuloendothelial system from the rhizome of Curcuma longa.

Three polysaccharides, named ukonan A, ukonan B and ukonan C, were isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa L. They were homogeneous on electrophoresis and gel chromatography, and showed remarkable reticuloendothelial system-potentiating activity in a carbon clearance test. They are composed of L-arabinose: D-xylose: D-galactose: D-glucose: L-rhamnose: D-galacturonic acid in the molar ratios of 12:4:12:1:4:10 (ukonan A), 12:4:12:1:2:4 (ukonan B) and 8:3:6:14:2:3 (ukonan C), in addition to small amounts of peptide moiety. Methylation analysis, carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance and periodate oxidation studies indicated the structural features of ukonan B, the major one in terms of the activity. It has acidic arabino-galactan type structural units.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Liquid crystal thermography; a reliable method for detecting soda lime exhaustion].

The dynamic and functional state of soda lime can be more precisely assessed by measuring changes in wall temperatures of the absorption chambers rather than observing color change of the soda lime granules. We demonstrated in this report that the liquid crystal thermometer is an inexpensive and reliable measuring device for this purpose.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed1990

[Let's study pharmacokinetics related to anesthesiology by using computer graphics: inhalation anesthetics].

The pharmacokinetics of inhalation anesthetics has been out of public interest for 20 years. Partition coefficient or solubility of anesthetic, an important determinant of uptake and distribution of inhaled anesthetics, may be the only remains of the pharmacokinetics of inhaled anesthetics. There still, however, are a few evidences which can not be explained by partition coefficient of anesthetic. The authors applied three compartment model to the rise of the blood concentration of anesthetics, i.e., nitrous oxide, enflurane, halothane, and diethyl ether. We revealed that the change in the blood anesthetic concentration may be related to the size of compartments and their time constants. The size of compartments and their time constants may be determined by interaction of partition coefficient of anesthetic and blood distribution to the tissues which may be different with different anesthetic, and may also be different when the blood concentration of anesthetic is different.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1989

The major pectic arabinogalactan having activity on the reticuloendothelial system from the roots and rhizomes of Saposhnikovia divaricata.

The major acidic polysaccharide, named saposhnikovan A, was isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Saposhnikovia divaricata. It showed remarkable reticuloendothelial system-potentiating activity in a carbon clearance test. It is composed of L-arabinose: D-galactose: D-galacturonic acid in the molar ratio of 6:15:10, and its molecular weight was estimated to be 54000. About 35% of the D-galacturonic acid residues exist as the methyl esters. Methylation analysis, 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance, and controlled Smith degradation studies indicated that the polysaccharide has the alpha-1----4-linked D-galacturonan backbone bearing alpha-1----5-linked L-arabino-beta-3,6-branched D-galactan side chains.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Plant mucilages. XLII. An anti-complementary mucilage from the leaves of Malva sylvestris var. mauritiana.

A mucilage, designated as MSL-M, was isolated from the leaves of Malva sylvestris L. var. mauritiana Mill. It was homogeneous on electrophoresis and gel chromatography. Its intrinsic viscosity value in aqueous solution was 12.0, and its molecular weight was estimated to be about 6.0 x 10(6). The major constituent is an acidic polysaccharide composed of L-rhamnose: D-galactose: D-galacturonic acid: D-glucuronic acid in the molar ratio of 6:3:2:2. Methylation analysis of both the mucilage and the carboxyl-reduced derivative, carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance and partial hydrolysis studies indicated its main structural features. It has considerable anti-complementary activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

An acidic polysaccharide having activity on the reticuloendothelial system from the roots and rhizomes of Saposhnikovia divaricata.

An acidic polysaccharide, named saposhnikovan C, was isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Saposhnikovia divaricata Schischk. It was homogeneous as judged by electrophoresis and gel chromatography, and showed remarkable reticuloendothelial system-potentiating activity in a carbon clearance test. It is composed of D-galacturonic acid:L-rhamnose:L-arabinose:D-galactose in a molar ratio of 27:7:8:8, and its molecular mass was estimated to be 132000. About 30% of the D-galacturonic acid residues exist as the methyl esters. O-Acetyl groups were identified, and the content amounted to 3.3%. Methylation analysis, carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance, and controlled Smith degradation studies indicated the structural features. It has a pectin-like rhamnogalacturonan backbone with branched arabinan and galactan side chains.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1989

A reticuloendothelial system-activating arabinoxylan from the bark of Cinnamomum cassia.

A neutral polysaccharide, named cinnaman AX, was isolated from the dried bark of Cinnamomum cassia Blume. It was homogeneous on electrophoresis and gel chromatography. It is composed of L-arabinose: D-xylose in the molar ratio of 4:3, and its molecular weight was estimated to be about 1.0 x 10(6). Methylation analysis, carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance and controlled Smith degradation studies enabled elucidation of its structural features. It showed remarkable reticuloendothelial system-potentiating activity in a carbon clearance test.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Let's study pharmacokinetics related to anesthesiology by using computer graphics: intravenous drugs].

The pharmacokinetics of intravenous drugs used during anesthesia provides us important information for patients' care. The pharmacokinetic data are usually shown in a graphic expression together with numerical values. The numerical values are only convenient for investigators in exchanging their knowledge and information. The graphic data contain, however, whole and real information obtained in a pharmacokinetic study. The authors demonstrated a way to derive information from graphic data, which is practically applicable for patients' care. We also showed a way to calculate numerical values from graphic data by using "graphnote" by Fukutake Pub. Co. We believe that our manual way to calculate numerical values from graphic data, with an aid of computer graphics combined with scientific calculator, helps us to understand the invisible processes performed inside "a black box" or a computer installed with a commercially available soft ware for the pharmacokinetics.

Anesthesia, Intravenous↗