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Biomedical subjects

M Thurnher

Publications and source records attributed to M Thurnher.

68 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

A new technical of liver biopsy with plugging of the needle track using a double channel biopsy device. An experimental study.

A new liver biopsy technique with plugging of the intrahepatic needle track in one procedure using a double channel biopsy device (Austrian patent No 384,165 invented by K. Zatloukal and H.P. Dinges) is presented in an experimental study. This technique is similar to that described by Menghini, but is combined with a fibrin sealing system (Tissucol, Tisseel). Biopsy and sealing of the biopsy site is performed within less than two seconds. 15 liver biopsies were performed on 6 heparinized dogs after laparotomy. Heparinization was maintained for 6 hours and the efficiency of the sealing in preventing biopsy-related bleeding was checked before the abdominal wound was closed. No bleeding occurred after biopsy with the new needle system and occlusion of the needle track with fibrin sealant. The livers with the sealed needle tracks and all biopsies obtained were examined histologically. It was found that the needle tracks were filled with the fibrin sealant which was almost completely replaced by granulation tissue after 8 days. Biopsies performed with a conventional Menghini needle led to continuous bleeding from the needle track. The results show that this new biopsy device efficiently prevents bleeding from the biopsy site in animals with severely impaired blood coagulation. Therefore, application of this biopsy technique in humans might reduce bleeding complications particularly in patients with severe liver diseases and disturbed blood coagulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The elastase-inhibitor eglin has no effect in an ovine model of endotoxemia.

Small doses of endotoxin have been shown to induce pulmonary microvascular injury in sheep, possibly by the action of granulocytes. Eglin, a potent inhibitor of neutrophil elastase, was tested in an ovine model of endotoxemia. The experiment was performed in 12 unanesthetized chronically instrumented sheep with a lung lymph preparation. Endotoxin (S. abort. equii) was infused at 24 ng/(kg x h) with application of 20 mg/kg eglin 1 h before endotoxin in the treatment group and followed by 5 mg/(kg x h). No significant improvement due to the treatment was seen for either cardiovascular status (pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance) or permeability changes in the lung (lymph flow and lymph/plasma protein ratio), although sufficient eglin concentrations were achieved in plasma and lymph. The lack of an effect of eglin might be because higher concentrations are needed to block elastase-like activity of ovine granulocytes or because of a minor role for neutrophil elastase in this shock model.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Irradiation-sterilization of rat bone matrix gelatin.

Bone matrix gelatin induces bone formation in muscle, and when implanted orthotopically it improves bone repair. Co-60 sterilization of bone gelatin impairs the protein-bound induction mechanisms. Gelatin samples nonirradiated or irradiated by 25 or 50 kGy were implanted into a pouch in the abdominal wall of Sprague-Dawley rats, as well as into a 7-mm calvarial defect. Evaluation was done by histologic studies, histomorphometry of orthotopic implants, and determination of alkaline phosphatase in ectopic implants. Gelatin irradiated with 50 kGy was absorbed in the muscle bed without evidence of any specific host reaction. Irradiation of 25 kGy led to histologically confirmed ectopic bone formation, but the wet weight of the explants was only half that of the nonirradiated control samples. Alkaline phosphatase activity was equal in both of these groups. With orthotopic implantation, neither a histologic nor a morphometric effect was seen with 25 kGy. Loss of osteoinduction with 25-kGy irradiation is apparently masked by osteoconductive mechanisms with orthotopic implantation.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

Experimental osteoinduction in rats: collagen-apatite versus osteogenin-containing gelatine.

An experimental study in rats was done to investigate the bone-regenerating properties of collagen apatite (Collapat) and to compare it with osteoinduction dependent on osteogenin-containing gelatine (OCG). The test substances were implanted orthotopically (calvarial defect--7 mm in diameter) and heterotopically (paravertebral muscles, abdominal muscles). The results were evaluated histologically and enzymatically (alkaline phosphatase). Collapat caused neither osteoinduction in the heterotopic site nor healing of the bone defects. Foreign body reaction without new bone formation was encountered. OCG implantation leads to new bone formation in the muscles within 3 weeks, associated with a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity, and to extensive new bone formation in the calvarial defect within 4 weeks. The defects did not heal if left empty. The value of clinical application of Collapat appears to be doubtful. Osteoinduction with OCG requires further experimental investigation.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Galactosyltransferase and sialyltransferase are located in different subcellular compartments in HeLa cells.

Galactosyl- and sialyltransferase have been localized by double immunofluorescence labeling in HeLa cells. Galactosyltransferase was found in a compact juxtanuclear structure previously shown to represent the Golgi apparatus (J. Roth and E.G. Berger (1982) J. Cell Biol. 93, 223-9), whereas sialyltransferase was localized to vesicles spread over the whole cytoplasm. These findings indicate different compartments for both transferases and support a model of subcompartmentation of glycosylation steps along the secretory pathway.

Cell Compartmentation↗
PubMed1986

Morphometric studies on wound healing after systemic administration of adriamycin and local application of fibrin sealant. Application of a new wound healing model using spongiosa implants.

For investigations on the development of regenerative granulation tissue in wound healing a new model using bone spongiosa ("Kieler Spongiosa") implants is presented. Particular attention was devoted to developing a model which permits studies on wound healing without disturbance by foreign body reaction and infections. Two test groups of rats received four blocks of "Kieler Spongiosa" each in a symmetrical fashion in a paramedian region underneath the dorsal skin. The spongiosa blocks had previously been treated with glutaraldehyde to achieve cross-linkage of the collagenous structures of the surfaces of the spongiosa trabeculae. After one week (group 1) and two weeks (group 2) the animals were sacrificed. The spongiosa blocks were removed, fixed and evaluated in layered serial sections after decalcification. Two blocks which had been removed randomly from the back and front served for morphometric determination of the total volume of bony substance and the developed granulation tissue. Moreover, the cellular composition of the granulation tissue was morphometrically examined with regard to its content of capillaries, granulation tissue cells and inflammatory cells. The two other blocks were examined for DNA and hydroxyproline content of granulation tissue. Comparison of the two experimental groups yielded marked differences in spongiosa space infiltrated by granulation tissue and its composition. Our model was used to assess the influence of systemic administration of adriamycin and/or local application of a fibrin sealant system on granulation tissue formation and its morphologic structure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Turning points and developmental change: subjective and "objective" assessments.

Drawing on recent developmental theories that emphasize the interplay of external and internal factors, the present study examines the interrelationship of self-defined turning points in life, and longitudinal change in self-concept and psychological well-being, among younger and older adults. Self-concept dimensions are found to be stable over time and to predict the impact of turning points.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Midlife marriage: sex differences in evaluation and perspectives.

Perceptions of marital relations are examined in a white middle and lower-middle class sample representing three life stages: newlyweds, middle-aged parents facing the empty nest, and persons about to retire. Descriptions of spouses are analyed in terms of positive/negative evaluations and the respective importance given to role and interpersonal components of the marital relationship. Middle aged respondents were shown to place greater emphasis on role performance than did the remaining groups, and middle-aged women gave the least positive evaluations of marriage. Midlife marital satisfaction is examined in relationship to affect toward children, socioeconomic status, value orientations, and life satisfaction.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Partial resection of the ulna as a diaphyseal bone defect model in the dog].

A 25-mm periosteal cylinder was removed from the middle of the ulna in fully grown mongrel dogs. A silastic block was interposed and the defect was fixed by a plate. Eight weeks later, the block was removed. During the following 24 weeks, spontaneous bone regeneration was evaluated by radiologic and histomorphometric evidence. In a second series, three screws were placed transversely to the longitudinal axis from the ulna into the radius to stabilize the partial resected ulna. The observation period after silastic removal was 16 weeks. Evaluation was based on radiology and on Indian ink stain of the vessels. Plate fixation provides an essentially stable defect model, with partly considerable bone apposition to the proximal area of resection. This is explained by the entry of the only nutrient artery into the proximal diaphyseal third. No instance of spontaneous defect healing following plate fixation was observed. The transverse fixation of the ulna revealed early radiologic signs of instability.

Animals↗