Prolonged vitamin D deficiency and autonomous hyperparathyroidism.
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Humans↗
Biomedical subjects
M Thomas
Publications and source records attributed to M Thomas.
[Hypercalcemia in coexistent parathyroid adenoma and multiple myeloma. Problems of differential diagnosis].
In a chance observation, a 74-year-old woman was found to have hypercalcaemia (3.0 mmol/l) and multiple skeletal osteolyses. A diagnosis of multiple myeloma was made after the demonstration of paraproteins in serum (IgG-kappa) and a 10% proportion of plasma cells in a pelvic crest biopsy. Oral chemotherapy with melphalan and prednisone failed to alter the calcium level. Simultaneous increase in alkaline phosphatase and reduction in serum phosphate concentration led to further tests: determination of peripheral venous parathormone concentration, ultrasound examination of the neck, thallium-technetium subtraction scintigraphy and selective venous parathormone measurements. The results demonstrated the coexistence of primary hyperparathyroidism. The calcium level became normal after surgical removal of a parathyroid adenoma.
Adenoma↗
Serum gonadotrophin concentrations in men with peripheral vascular disease and impotence.
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Adult↗
Antecedents of relapse and recent substance use.
The present study investigated determinants of relapse and antecedents of recent use for 30 substance abusers re-entering inpatient treatment. A structured interview assessment revealed that the patients relapsed within two months following previous treatment, yet waited 2.7 years before re-entering treatment. Alcohol was often the initial and subsequently the most frequently used substance. Determinants of relapse were a variety of interpersonal and intrapersonal events. However, antecedents to recent use were almost exclusively negative emotional states such as depression and loneliness. Implications for treatment are presented.
Adult↗
Comparative effects of 17 beta-estradiol, progestin R5020, tamoxifen and RU38486 on lactate dehydrogenase activity in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.
The effects of 17 beta-estradiol (estradiol), synthetic progestin R5020 and their antagonists, tamoxifen (Tam) and synthetic RU38486 on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells during the growth period were studied. A specially developed quantitative cytochemical assay was used; LDH activity is expressed per cell, and is thus independent of the positive and negative growth effects of the hormones and antagonists. Estradiol and R5020 stimulated LDH activity after similar exposures (6-48 h) and the stimuli were concentration dependent over the range 10(-7) M to 10(-10) M. As for the antagonists, RU38486 stimulated LDH activity in much the same way as estradiol and R5020; Tam alone, on the other hand, does not stimulate LDH, but when added to estradiol, Tam inhibits estradiol mediated LDH activation. When present at half-stimulant concentration, estradiol + R5020 and estradiol + RU38486 exhibit additive effects on LDH activity. Thus LDH appears to be an interesting tool for the study of hormone and antagonist effects in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
Breast Neoplasms↗
Normal ionized calcium, parathyroid hypersecretion, and elevated osteocalcin in a family with fluorosis.
Sera from five patients with skeletal fluorosis were investigated for total calcium, ionized calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25 OHD), 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]2D), parathyroid hormone, and osteocalcin concentrations. Total and ionized calcium concentrations were normal in four and subnormal in one, but PTH concentration was elevated in all five. The patient with a subnormal calcium concentration also had subnormal 25 OHD and 1,25(OH)2D concentrations and a supranormal PTH concentration. The remaining four had supranormal PTH concentrations despite normal total and ionized calcium concentration, and normal 25 OHD and 1,25(OH)2D levels. Osteocalcin concentration was markedly elevated in all patients, as was alkaline phosphatase activity. These observations show for the first time that patients with fluorosis have markedly elevated osteocalcin, a marker of osteoblastic activity, and that they may have significantly elevated PTH concentrations in the presence of normal total and ionized calcium concentrations.
1-Carboxyglutamic Acid↗
The effects of d-amphetamine on arousal, cognition, and mood after prolonged total sleep deprivation.
Thirty-six normal male subjects underwent total sleep deprivation for 48 hours, were then administered either placebo, 5, 10, or 20 mg of d-amphetamine, and sleep deprived for an additional 12 hours. Sleep deprivation produced a significant reduction in sleep latency, as well as marked decrements in cognitive performance and self-ratings reflecting vigor and fatigue. Amphetamine reversed these effects in a dose-related way but the pattern and persistence of the reversal varied across measures. After 20 mg, sleep latency normalized for several hours, but then declined. Behavioral effects tended to follow the pattern of sleep latency. On cognitive tasks, 20 mg produced a sustained return to normal performance in an attentional arithmetic task and a gradual improvement in a verbal reasoning task. The partial temporal dissociation among sleep latency, behavioral, and cognitive effects suggests that varying doses of amphetamine may have time-related differential neurochemical effects or that various dimensions of arousal and alertness may be differentially sensitive to amphetamine.
Adult↗
Intramural ectopic pregnancy implanting in adenomyosis.
The clinical course of this 33-year-old gravida presenting at 16 weeks' gestation with hemoperitoneum was typical for suspected uterine rupture. Pathologic examination of the hysterectomy specimen supports the diagnosis of intramural pregnancy, representing the 15th case reported to date in the literature. Furthermore, there was histologic evidence of adenomyosis both within the sinus tract leading to the implantation site and throughout the myometrium. Documentation of implantation and development of ectopic pregnancy in adenomyotic myometrium should alert the clinician to the possibility of this rare pregnancy complication.
Adult↗
Liposarcoma in the pharynx.
A rare case of an atypical lipoma in the pyriform sinus is described with an unusual presentation and some difficult histological features. Excision was performed endoscopically, there has been no evidence of recurrence for over a year. External surgical excision is reserved in case of recurrence of the tumour.
Barium Sulfate↗
Negotiating concrete needs: short-term training for high-risk cancer patients.
Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer and revisions in health care financing and reimbursement have changed the experience of living with cancer. The disease now is diagnosed earlier and patients are likely to live longer with the disease. Patients and their families, thus, will require more concrete service needs. The authors review the psychosocial oncology literature and the literature on case management theories. They present their findings of a survey of the concrete needs of 413 cancer patients who were undergoing chemotherapy. Based on this survey, they developed a short-term case management intervention model to improve patient problem-solving skills. The intervention is designed to increase patient and family autonomy and mastery, reduce unmet needs, and counteract common feelings of helplessness associated with serious illness.
Adult↗
Pain patients and marital relations.
Fifty-one subjects with chronic pain were assessed for couple functioning utilizing the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale. In addition, they completed the Beck Depression Inventory. Results revealed serious difficulty in virtually all aspects of couple functioning for the subjects. Depressed subjects reported a higher level of couple dysfunction than the nondepressed group. Duration of pain was found to be unrelated to family adaptability, family cohesion, and family stability.
Adult↗
Methylprednisolone sodium succinate-induced anaphylaxis in a nonatopic renal transplant recipient.
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Adult↗
Poor compliance early in filling in the neuropathic bladder.
A total of 30 patients with known neuropathy, mostly spina bifida, developed poor bladder compliance early in filling demonstrated urodynamically; 20 had bilateral hydronephrosis at the time of presentation and 5 also had severely impaired renal function. After appropriate treatment all of those with normal upper tracts or with bilateral hydronephrosis but normal renal function stabilised or improved. However, all 5 with severely impaired renal function progressed to end-stage renal failure. Poor compliance early in filling is an absolute indication for surgical intervention.
Adolescent↗
Early studies with the novel 5-HT 1-like agonist GR43175 in healthy volunteers.
A series of single dose studies has been undertaken after intravenous, subcutaneous and oral administration to healthy volunteers to determine safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of GR43175, a novel 5-HT 1-like receptor agonist. GR43175 proved to be well tolerated using all routes of administration. Minor side effects were reported including scalp tingling, sensations of bodily warmth, lightheadedness and heavyheadedness. In addition, short-lasting vasopressor effects were encountered, although no drug-related changes were seen in heart rate and ECG or in laboratory safety screens. The drug was rapidly absorbed after oral dosing and had a mean absolute bioavailability of 14% due at least in part to first-pass metabolism. Plasma concentrations in healthy volunteers fell within the range for producing relief of headaches in migraine patients. GR43175 had a high mean plasma clearance (1313 ml/min), the majority of which was due to non-renal clearance and a large volume of distribution (2351). The mean half-lives were 1.7 h and 2.3 h after intravenous and oral doses, respectively.
Administration, Oral↗
Human cellular immune responses to Bordetella pertussis infection.
We have compared the responses of peripheral blood leucocytes from three groups (i) patients suffering from pertussis (whooping cough), (ii) clinical staff caring for those patients and laboratory staff working with Bordetella pertussis, and (iii) staff with no known recent contact with B. pertussis. In vitro stimulation with filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA) caused significant increases in proliferation of only the patient group's lymphocytes. In vitro stimulation with pertussis toxin (PT) caused a large increase in proliferation of lymphocytes from all three groups and in the patient group the increase in proliferation was related to the dose of PT. Interleukin 2 (IL-2) production by leucocytes from all three groups was significantly increased following challenge with FHA or PT. The increases in IL-2 production were greatest in lymphocytes from patients with pertussis. Challenge with toxoided pertussis toxin had no effect on either proliferation or IL-2 production in any of the groups.
Adolescent↗
Increased survival of ischaemic musculocutaneous flaps in rats after acupuncture.
The effects of acupuncture on survival of ischaemic musculocutaneous flaps were investigated in the rat. A dorsal cranially based standard flap (2 X 7 cm) was elevated and sutured back in position. The percentage survival of the flaps was estimated after 6 days. Manual acupuncture, electro-acupuncture but not superficial acupuncture significantly increased the survival of the flaps compared to untreated controls. The highest flap survival (92%) was obtained with repeated post-operative high-intensity electro-acupuncture. It is concluded that acupuncture treatment markedly increases experimental flap survival and may be of clinical importance for treatment of local ischaemia.
Acupuncture Therapy↗
Acupuncture and sensory thresholds.
The effect of acupuncture on sensory thresholds was studied in 6 healthy subjects. The modes of acupuncture studied were: 1. manual stimulation, 2. electrical stimulation at 2 Hz, 3. electrical stimulation at 80 Hz. Superfiscial-acupuncture was used as placebo. Insertions of needles or application of electrodes were bilateral, at St 7 (intrasegmental) or Li 4 (extrasegmental). The study showed that manual or electro-acupuncture were effective when used intrasegmentally, raising pain threshold values 1.1 to 1.4 times that prior to stimulation. The pain threshold elevation obtained was not significantly related to plasma levels of beta-endorphin, ACTH or prolactin. Other sensory thresholds, thermal, vibrotactile and electrotactile were unaffected by such conditioned stimulation. Superfiscial-acupuncture had no significant effect on the sensory thresholds tested.
Acupuncture Analgesia↗
The big search: streamlining the textbook selection process.
Schools that serve hearing-impaired students must exercise special care in selecting textbooks to support classroom instruction. This article outlines the procedures developed and used at Kendall Demonstration Elementary School at Gallaudet University to evaluate and select a social studies textbook series. These procedures should apply to other subjects as well, and are offered as a resource model for other schools. Specific suggestions are made for every step in the process, including conducting a needs assessment, locating potential materials, defining roles of committee members, developing evaluation criteria and more. Emphasis is placed on conducting a comprehensive, manageable, and ultimately effective textbook search that supports the school's curriculum and satisfies the needs of students and teachers.
Book Selection↗