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Biomedical subjects

M Taylor

Publications and source records attributed to M Taylor.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Overexpression of cyclin A and cyclin B1 proteins in astrocytomas.

BACKGROUND: Cyclins are proteins that are expressed during the progression of a normal cell through the cell cycle. In a number of cancers, overexpression of cyclin A and cyclin B1 proteins has been reported, and in some instances the levels of expression correlated well with the grades of malignancy. The expression of cyclin A and cyclin B1 proteins in astrocytoma may be linked to the histologic grade or proliferative activities. OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of cyclin A and cyclin B1 proteins in astrocytomas and correlate the labeling indices (LIs) of cyclin A and cyclin B1 with histologic grade and Ki-67 LI. DESIGN: The surgical biopsy specimens from 65 adults with astrocytomas were reviewed and divided into grades based on the World Health Organization system. The paraffin sections were immunostained using primary antibodies against Ki-67, cyclin A, and cyclin B1. The LIs of these astrocytomas for the 3 different antibodies were determined by computerized image analysis. RESULTS: The cyclin A LI showed good correlation with astrocytoma grade and Ki-67 LI. Both the nuclear and cytoplasmic cyclin B LIs correlated well with the tumor grade but showed poor correlation with Ki-67 LI. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that although both cyclin A and B protein expression are related to the grade of malignancy in astrocytomas, cyclin A levels more generally reflect the proliferative state of these tumors. We also provide indirect evidence that cyclin B1 is associated with the aberrant progression through the G2-M phase checkpoint in astrocytomas.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed2000

Androgen and taxol cause cell type-specific alterations of centrosome and DNA organization in androgen-responsive LNCaP and androgen-independent DU145 prostate cancer cells.

We investigated the effects of androgen and taxol on the androgen-responsive LNCaP and androgen-independent DU145 prostate cancer cell lines. Cells were treated for 48 and 72 h with 0.05-1 nM of the synthetic androgen R1881 and with 100 nM taxol. Treatment of LNCaP cells with 0.05 nM R1881 led to increased cell proliferation, whereas treatment with 1 nM R1881 resulted in inhibited cell division, DNA cycle arrest, and altered centrosome organization. After treatment with 1 nM R1881, chromatin became clustered, nuclear envelopes convoluted, and mitochondria accumulated around the nucleus. Immunofluorescence microscopy with antibodies to centrosomes showed altered centrosome structure. Although centrosomes were closely associated with the nucleus in untreated cells, they dispersed into the cytoplasm after treatment with 1 nM R1881. Microtubules were only faintly detected in 1 nM R1881-treated LNCaP cells. The effects of taxol included microtubule bundling and altered mitochondria morphology, but not DNA organization. As expected, the androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line DU145 was not affected by R1881. Treatment with taxol resulted in bundling of microtubules in both cell lines. Additional taxol effects were seen in DU145 cells with micronucleation of DNA, an indication of apoptosis. Simultaneous treatment with R1881 and taxol had no additional effects on LNCaP or DU145 cells. These results suggest that LNCaP and DU145 prostate cancer cells show differences not only in androgen responsiveness but in sensitivity to taxol as well.

Androgens↗
PubMed2000

A decade of improvement in areas of chronic disease. Where do we go from here?

The last decade has seen significant progress in reduction of mortality rates from many chronic diseases on both a state and national level. Moreover, in general, Wisconsin has achieved levels below the United States for mortality. However, as suggested by Figures 1 and 2, preventive efforts in stroke and prostate cancer should become high priorities in this state. Additionally, it will be important to monitor the stabilization of death rates due to diabetes. Turning Point, anti-tobacco efforts by the Tobacco Control Board and the Thomas T. Melvin Program, and the upcoming Minority Health Report should reveal additional areas for DHFS and its statewide partners to address in the arena of chronic disease. Programs such as the Wisconsin Diabetes Control Program and the Wisconsin Well Woman Program will also continue to contribute significantly to other community and clinical efforts to control chronic diseases.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗