Biomedical subjects

M Tatsuta

Publications and source records attributed to M Tatsuta.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

Ultrasonographic images of tongue movement during mastication.

We observed vertical motion of the tongue during mastication in ultrasonographic images of 6 males with an average age of 28.7 years. All subjects had complete dentition and no evidence of neurological disorders. We used a 7 MHz mechanical convex scanning transducer to obtain a continuous, real-time ultrasonic image of the tongue, and carried out real-time B-mode ultrasonic observation at the median sagittal plane of the mandible. We recorded vertical motion of the tongue in the M-mode on a line connecting the mandibular first molars. The transducer produced good quality images of the dorsal surface during mastication of peanuts, rice, crackers, boiled fish paste, pickled radishes, pudding and bananas. The transducer, which was small and light, permitted capture of the images on videotape without manual placement of the scanner. Continuous images showed that the tongue turned the food, mixed it with saliva, sorted out unsuitable particles and aided in bolus formation. Vertical motion of the tongue had two phases, sorting and bolus formation.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor attenuates bombesin enhancement of intestinal carcinogenesis and metastasis induced by azoxymethane.

The effects of combined administration of bombesin (40 micrograms/kg body weight) and the ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) inhibitor, 1,3-diaminopropane (DAP), on the development of large and small intestinal tumors and the incidence of their metastasis to the peritoneum induced by azoxymethane (AOM, 7.4 mg/kg body weight), the ODC activity of the intestinal wall, and the labeling index of the intestinal mucosa and tumor were investigated in inbred Wistar rats. Rats received weekly s.c. injections of AOM for 10 weeks, s.c. injections of bombesin every other day, and drinking water containing DAP (2.5 g/l) until the end of the experiment at week 40. Administration of bombesin significantly increased the incidence of intestinal tumors at week 40. It had no influence on the location, size, histological features or depth of involvement of intestinal adenocarcinomas, but significantly increased the incidence of their metastasis to the peritoneum. It also resulted in a significant increase in the intestinal ODC activity and labeling index. Administration of DAP with bombesin significantly reduced the enhancement of intestinal carcinogenesis by bombesin. Although the combined use of DAP with bombesin had little or no influence on the location, size, histological features, or depth of involvement of intestinal cancers, the incidence of their metastasis was significantly reduced. DAP significantly attenuated bombesin enhancement of the intestinal ODC activity and labeling index. These findings indicate that ODC inhibition attenuated the enhancement of intestinal carcinogenesis and metastasis to the peritoneum.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1994

Cytologic examination of pancreatic juice for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant mucin-producing tumors of the pancreas.

BACKGROUND: A new clinical type of pancreatic tumor, the mucin-producing tumor, has been recognized recently. However, it is not always easy to distinguish benign from malignant tumors preoperatively. In this study, three different methods of differentiating mucin-producing tumors of the pancreas were compared. METHODS: Endoscopic ultrasonography, endoscopic retrograde pancreatography, and cytologic examination of pancreatic juice were performed in 14 patients who had mucin-producing pancreatic tumors (11 carcinomas and 3 adenomas). Pancreatic juice was collected endoscopically without papillotomy. RESULTS: The sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography were 82%, 90%, and 79%, respectively; those of endoscopic retrograde pancreatography were 91%, 91%, and 86%; and those of cytologic examination were 91%, 100%, and 93%. CONCLUSION: Cytologic examination of pancreatic juice was the best of these three methods for differentiating benign from malignant mucin-producing pancreatic tumors.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗

PubMed1994

Protection by galanin against gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in Wistar rats.

The effects of prolonged administration of the neuropeptide galanin on gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, the norepinephrine concentration in the gastric wall, and the labeling index of the gastric mucosa were investigated in Wistar rats. The rats received 2 or 4 micrograms/kg body weight of galanin s.c. every other day after 25 weeks oral treatment with the carcinogen. Prolonged administration of galanin at 4 micrograms/kg body weight, but not at 2 micrograms/kg body weight, significantly decreased the incidence of gastric cancers in experimental week 52. However, it did not influence the histological types of cancers. Galanin at 4 micrograms/kg body weight also significantly decreased the labeling index of the antral epithelial cells but not the norepinephrine concentration in the gastric wall. These findings indicate that galanin inhibits gastric carcinogenesis and suggest that its effect may be related to the suppression of proliferation of the antral epithelial cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Possible role of Helicobacter pylori infection in early gastric cancer development.

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in Japan. The possible relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer in Japan was evaluated. METHODS: H. pylori infection was identified by the presence of anti-H. pylori IgG. The frequency of H. pylori infection was compared in 213 patients with gastric cancer and the same number of asymptomatic control subjects matched for age and sex. RESULTS: The presence of IgG antibody to H. pylori was significantly more prevalent (P < 0.001) in those with gastric cancer compared with asymptomatic control subjects (88.2% versus 74.6%). H. pylori positive rates were significantly greater in patients with the intestinal type (90.4%, P < 0.001) and diffuse type (86.4%, P < 0.05) of gastric cancer than in control subjects. Ninety-three percent of the patients with early gastric cancer tested positive for H. pylori (P < 0.001 compared with control subjects), whereas no significant difference was observed between those with advanced gastric cancer and control subjects. The intestinal type of early gastric cancer showed only the significantly increased frequency of high titer (optical density > 1.50) of H. pylori IgG antibody (P < 0.001) compared with control subjects without cancer. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that H. pylori infection may be associated with the development of early gastric cancer in Japan.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Expression of c-myc mRNA as an aid in histologic differentiation of adenoma from well differentiated adenocarcinoma in the stomach.

BACKGROUND: Using prospective follow-up studies, the authors examined the value of the expression of c-myc mRNA in biopsy specimens obtained from elevated gastric lesions as an aid in the differentiating between adenomas and well differentiated elevated-type adenocarcinomas. METHODS: By in situ hybridization, the authors determined the expression of c-myc mRNA in biopsy specimens of elevated gastric lesions. The 31 patients who had borderline lesions with and without overexpression of c-myc were followed with repeated endoscopic examinations and gastric biopsies. RESULTS: Endoscopic follow-up examinations showed that gastric cancer was detected in 5 of 11 patients (46%) with elevated lesions that stained positively for c-myc mRNA during an observation period of 15 months (range, 2-32 months). The cancers were confirmed histologically in gastrectomy specimens. No cancers were found in patients with elevated lesions that stained negatively. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The overexpression of c-myc mRNA may present a new tool for distinguishing between adenomas and well differentiated adenocarcinomas of the elevated type.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1994

Monoamine oxidase B inhibitor enhances experimental carcinogenesis in rat colon induced by azoxymethane.

The effects of prolonged administration of the monoamine oxidase (MAO)-A inhibitor N-methyl-N-propargyl-3-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propylamine (clorgyline) and the MAO-B inhibitor N-methyl-N-2-propynyl-benzylamine (pargyline) on the incidence, number and histology of colon tumors induced by azoxymethane (AOM), and on the norepinephrine (NE) concentration in the colon wall and the labeling index of colon mucosa were investigated in Wistar rats. Rats were treated s.c. with 7.4 mg/kg body weight of AOM once a week for 10 weeks, and also s.c. with 5 mg/kg body weight of clorgyline or 50 mg/kg body weight of pargyline in 0.9% NaCl until the end of the experiment. Treatment with pargyline significantly increased the incidence of colon tumors in week 35. However, it did not influence the histological appearance of the colon tumors or the histological types and depth of involvement of colon adenocarcinomas. Furthermore, it significantly increased the NE concentration in the colon wall and the labeling index of the colon mucosa during and after AOM-treatment. In contrast, clorgyline had no influence on the development or histological appearance of colon tumors. These findings indicate that the MAO-B inhibitor, but not the MAO-A inhibitor, enhanced colon carcinogenesis, and that its effect may be related to its effect in increasing the NE concentration in the colon wall and subsequently increasing the proliferation of colon epithelial cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Diagnosis of colorectal tumors by the endoscopic Congo red-methylene blue test.

The endoscopic Congo red-methylene blue test was performed on 51 tumors of the large intestine. Results revealed that colorectal adenocarcinomas and adenomas bleached the Congo red and methylene blue sprayed over their surface and so appeared in sharp contrast to the bluish red mucosa of unaffected areas. No bleaching of the dyes was observed on the surface of non-neoplastic polyps. Moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas, submucosal or advanced cancers, and adenomas with severe atypia bleached the dyes most frequently. Thus this test facilitates early detection of colorectal tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1994

Inhibitory effect of sialoadenectomy on hepatocellular tumourigenesis in male mice induced by 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene.

Male C57BL/6xDS-F1 mice that had been treated with 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (3'-Me-DAB) neonatally were subjected to sialoadenectomy (removal of the submandibular salivary glands) 60 days after birth. The development of adenomatous nodules and carcinomas in the livers of these mice was compared with the livers of males without sialoadenectomy. The incidence of adenomatous nodules in sialoadenectomized males at 6, 8, 10, and 12 months was significantly lower than that in sham-operated animals. Carcinomas were found in the livers of both sham-operated and sialoadenectomized males that were 10 and 12 months old and were less frequent in sialoadenectomized males although the difference was significant only at the age of 12 months. Sialoadenectomy decreased the serum concentration of epidermal growth factor (EGF) by about 40%. The present results indicate that sialoadenectomy inhibits the development of hepatocellular tumours induced by 3'-Me-DAB in male mice, an effect which may be caused by decrease in the serum level of EGF.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1994

The effects of food consistency on jaw movement and posterior temporalis and inferior orbicularis oris muscle activities during chewing in children.

The possible effects of food consistency on the number of chews and the lapse of time in a chewing sequence, the jaw-movement pattern and velocity, and jaw and lip muscle activity during chewing were investigated. Fifteen healthy children with good occlusion were selected. First, each subject freely chewed hard (HJ) and soft (SJ) types of jelly without specifying the chewing side. The number of chews and elapsed time in a masticatory sequence (from the start of chewing to the completion of the final swallow) were measured. Second, the subjects performed right- and left-sided chewing of the same food. The electromyograms (EMG) of posterior temporalis (PT) and inferior orbicularis oris (OI) muscles on the right and left sides and associated jaw movement records were sampled. The HJ was chewed more times and with a longer time until finally swallowed (p < or = 0.0007) than the SJ. The HJ chewing also showed broader masticatory loops (p < or = 0.0199) in the frontal view and higher peak activities (p < or = 0.0007) for the PT muscle. The closing phase was longer when chewing the HJ than SJ, but the opening and intercuspal phases remained stable. More lateral excursion of the jaw was seen when chewing the HJ, but the jaw-movement trajectories in the sagittal and vertical directions were not affected by the change in consistency of the food. The jaw-closing velocities for the HJ chews were significantly slower (p < or = 0.0351) than those for the SJ chews in three directions. The HJ chews also revealed a longer duration between the onset of EMG burst for the PT muscle and the beginning of the centric occlusion (p < or = 0.0146). The OI muscle showed increased activity in accord with jaw opening, and consistent reciprocal cyclic activity with the PT muscle in terms of temporal associations (r > or = 0.5250; p < or = 0.0495). The OI muscle started to burst at a later part of the intercuspal phase, and frequently showed secondary activity in the jaw-closing and intercuspal phases. The peak activity for the ipsilateral OI muscle was significantly higher (p < or = 0.0106) than that for the contralateral OI muscle for both the HJ and SJ. The OI muscle activity, however, did not differ between the hard and soft jellies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Child↗

PubMed1994

Inhibition by shi-quan-da-bu-tang (TJ-48) of experimental hepatocarcinogenesis induced by N-nitrosomorpholine in Sprague-Dawley rats.

The effect of Shi-Quan-Da-Bu-Tang (TJ-48) on hepatocarcinogenesis induced by N-nitrosomorpholine (NNM) was investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were given drinking water containing NNM for 8 weeks, and also from the start of the experiment, regular chow pellets containing 2.0 or 4.0% TJ-48 until the end of the experiment. Preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions staining for the placental type of glutathione-S-transferase (GST-P) or gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were examined histochemically. In week 15, quantitative histological analysis showed that prolonged administration of either 2.0 or 4.0% TJ-48 in the diet significantly reduced the size, volume and/or number of GST-P-positive and GGT-positive hepatic lesions. This treatment also caused a significant increase in the proportion of interleukin-2 receptor-positive lymphocytes among the lymphocytes infiltrating the tumours as well as a significant decrease in the labelling index of preneoplastic lesions. These findings indicate that TJ-48 inhibits the growth of hepatic enzyme-altered lesions, and suggests that its effect may be in part due to activation of the immune system.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Addition of cisapride shortens colonoscopy preparation with lavage in elderly patients.

METHODS: The effect of pre-treatment with cisapride on colonoscopy preparation with lavage solution was compared in 120 out-patients less than 60 years and 73 out-patients 60 years or older, who were scheduled for total colonoscopy. By random allocation, patients were assigned to receive cisapride 10 mg or placebo 30 minutes before ingesting the magnesium citrate lavage solution. RESULTS: The cleansing results and patients' acceptance did not differ significantly in the two treatment groups in either age group. The time from the start of ingesting magnesium citrate until the rectal effluent became clear was significantly shorter in cisapride-treated patients of 60 years or more. Moreover, the residual fluid volume removed by suction during colonoscopy was significantly less in the patients above aged 60 years who received cisapride. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that the combination of cisapride and magnesium citrate is more effective than magnesium citrate alone in cleansing the colon for colonoscopy in elderly patients.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[A long-survival case of unresectable liver metastasis of colon cancer by hepatic arterial intermittent multidrug infusion chemotherapy].

We experienced a long-survival case with unresectable liver metastasis of sigmoid cancer by hepatic arterial intermittent multidrug infusion chemotherapy. The patient was a 65-year-old man. A movable tumor was palpable at the left lower abdomen. The serum CEA value was 15.6 ng/ml. Abdominal CT scan showed a 3 cm-sized low-density area near the root of the right and middle hepatic vein in segment 4. He had undergone sigmoidectomy, cholecystectomy and cannulation into the proper hepatic artery. Chemotherapy was performed by using 5-FU (250 mg), Adriacin (5 mg) and mitomycin C (4 mg) every second week from 4 months after surgery as an outpatient. In the CT scan image, the low-density area completely disappeared at 10 months after treatment, and the CR interval was 14 months. The patient has been alive for 5 years after surgery.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1994

[Two cases of metastatic lung tumor from leiomyosarcoma of the uterus].

Three pulmonary resections were performed for two cases of metastatic lung tumor from uterine leiomyosarcoma. Case 1 was diagnosed as myoma uteri. Preoperative chest X-ray examination showed an abnormal shadow in the left upper lobe. Postoperative diagnosis was leiomyosarcoma. During radiotherapy for the pelvic lesion, the lung tumor was growing very rapidly and micrometastases were detected bilaterally without distant metastasis. Bilateral pulmonary resections were performed. Three months and 15 days later, second left pulmonary and thoracic wall resections were performed because of lung and pleural recurrence. Seven months after the first pulmonary operation, she died of systemic metastases. Case 2 was admitted to the hospital because of genital bleeding and diagnosed leiomyosarcoma of the uterus. The patient had a metastatic lung tumor in the left lower lobe preoperatively. Eighteen days after hysterectomy, left lower lobectomy was performed because progressive hemoptysis occurred for rapidly enlarged metastatic lesion. She died of intrapelvic bleeding three months after the operation without respiratory symptom. The prognosis of synchronously found out lung metastasis from uterine leiomyosarcoma is very poor. Neither chemotherapy nor radiotherapy is effective. Although it's difficult and controversial to decide the surgical indication, we need to operate on as soon as possible when there is no other distant metastasis. Even if the timing of operation is late, we can find the surgical significance of pulmonary resection for reduction of respiratory symptoms and probability of longer survival.

Female↗

PubMed1994

Production of hydroxyl free radical by exposure of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine to visible light in the absence of hydrogen peroxide.

The production of hydroxyl free radical (.OH) by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in the absence of H2O2 was investigated by electron spin resonance with the use of the spin-trapping agent 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide (DMPO). .OH was detected as well as a nitrogen-centered free radical (.NR) on exposure of 1.25 mM MNNG solution (pH 6.0) containing 25 mM DMPO to visible light from a tungsten-halogen lamp at an intensity of 6.68 mW/cm2. Production of .OH depended on the concentration of MNNG and on the intensity of light exposure, indicating that .OH production resulted from the photolysis of MNNG solution. Manganese-superoxide dismutase and catalase did not inhibit the production of .OH, excluding the possibility that .OH might be produced from O2-. or H2O2. When the concentration of DMPO was increased from 25 mM to 125 mM, the yield of .OH decreased significantly while that of .NR increased over twice that at 25 mM. When the concentration of DMPO was further increased to over 200 mM, only .NR was detected and its yield was the same as that at 125 mM, which indicates that DMPO inhibited .OH production but not through the trapping of .NR. From these results we suggest that nitric oxide (NO) derived with .NR from the photolysis of MNNG resulted in .OH production which was inhibited by DMPO in aqueous solution.

Anaerobiosis↗

PubMed1993

The association of Helicobacter pylori with differentiated-type early gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have indicated that infection with Helicobacter pylori is closely associated with increased risk for gastric cancer. Previous studies, however, usually have been made on cases of advanced gastric cancer. METHODS: The Congo red-methylene blue test was performed on 19 healthy subjects, 24 patients with early gastric cancer of differentiated type, and 17 patients with early cancer of undifferentiated type. H. pylori infection was examined by culture of biopsy specimens obtained from noncancerous antral mucosa. RESULTS: H. pylori was detected in 19 (79%) of 24 patients with differentiated-type early gastric cancer, but in only 5 (29%) of 17 patients with undifferentiated-type early gastric cancer; this difference was statistically significant. It also was detected significantly more frequently in patients with differentiated cancers than in healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS: H. pylori infection was closely associated with differentiated-type gastric cancers, but not with undifferentiated types.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1993

Long-term results of postoperative intrathoracic chemo-thermotherapy for lung cancer with pleural dissemination.

BACKGROUND: To overcome the poor prognosis of lung cancer with pleural dissemination, the authors developed postoperative intrathoracic chemo-thermotherapy (PICT). In this report, they present the long-term results for 31 consecutive patients who underwent resection, followed by PICT for lung cancer with pleural dissemination between April 1985 and December 1991. METHODS: Among the patients, there were 26 cases of adenocarcinoma, 3 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, and 1 case each of large and adenosquamous cell carcinoma. Twenty-four of these patients had an initial diagnosis of pleural involvement at thoracotomy. The other seven patients had massive malignant effusion at the time of the initial diagnosis. PICT was started between days 10 to 14 postoperatively. When possible, three courses of this procedure were administered at intervals of 5-7 days. RESULTS: The 5-year cumulative and 5-year local relapse-free survival rates were 24.6% and 76.3%, respectively. The 3-year and 5-year cumulative survival rates for 14 patients without mediastinal lymph node involvement were 68.4% and 42.7%, respectively. Those rates for 17 patients with mediastinal lymph node involvement were 22.7% and 0%, respectively. The 3-year survival rate in the former group was significantly better than that in the latter group. CONCLUSIONS: These results strongly suggest that in patients with pleural dissemination, PICT may be beneficial for regional disease control and improvement of survival, particularly for patients without mediastinal lymph node involvement.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1993

Enhancement by isoproterenol of hepatocarcinogenesis induced by N-nitrosomorpholine in Sprague-Dawley rats.

The effect of isoproterenol on hepatocarcinogenesis induced by N-nitrosomorpholine (NNM) was investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were given drinking water containing NNM for 8 weeks and s.c. injections of isoproterenol or vehicle every other day for 13 weeks. Pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions staining positive for gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) or the placental type of glutathione-S-transferase (GST-P) were examined histochemically at week 13. Prolonged administration of isoproterenol resulted in a significant increase in the number of GGT-positive, but not GST-P-positive, lesions. The incidence, number and size of hepatocellular carcinomas were also significantly greater in rats treated with isoproterenol than in controls. Administration of isoproterenol significantly increased the intracellular cAMP and the labeling indices of pre-neoplastic lesions and adjacent liver. These findings indicate that isoproterenol enhances hepatocarcinogenesis and that this may be related to its enhancing effect, mediated by cAMP, on cell proliferation in neoplastic lesions and surrounding hepatocytes.

Animals↗