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Biomedical subjects

M Tashiro

Publications and source records attributed to M Tashiro.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Brain metastases from carcinomas of the digestive organs--a comparative study with those from pulmonary carcinomas].

During the past 11 years, we have experienced 7 cases of a metastatic brain tumor with the primary lesion in the digestive organs. Their clinical courses were retrospectively compared with those of 19 cases with a brain metastases from pulmonary carcinomas. Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis was found in 2 patients of the former group but none in the latter. Six out of 7 brain metastases in the former group were found to have averaged 13 months before their appearance after the diagnosis of the primary lesion. In contrast, 14 out of 19 patients in the latter group had an onset with symptoms of a brain metastasis. The average survival after intracranial surgery on the metastatic tumor was 174 days for the former group and 268 days for the latter. The prognosis of a brain metastasis from a carcinoma of the digestive organ appears to be extremely probable.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A dermaerosion case dealing with a leakage of a chemically irrigable solution (NaOCI solution)].

This paper is a report regarding a dermaerosion case dealing with a leakage of a chemically irrigable solution in a 3 year old boy. We are continuing to observe the dermal changes during as he grows. Also, we carried out a pathological experiment on a rabbit and a patch test of the derm of seven people. The following conclusions were obtained. 1. We observed the dermaerosion of an epithelium repair after a complete elapse of one year. The dermaerosion of the corium could not be repaired but changed the color of the derma of the patient who recovered after a lapse of 2 years and 8 months. 2. We recognized in the rabbit experiment that a 12% H2O2 solution damaged the corium of the rabbit over a period of 24 hours. The 12% H2O2 solution was four times higher, for we normally used a 3% H2O2 solution. 3. When we used a 10% NaOCl solution (which we usually use in the widening of the root canal) for 20 minutes on the derma of the rabbit, the derma damaged the epithelium but over a period of 40 minutes the solution we used on the derma of the rabbit damaged the corium. 4. When we used a NaOCl and H2O2 solution the reaction on the skin of the rabbit is weaker than when only one solution was used. 5. We used 0.5% NaOCl and 0.3% H2O2 solutions for the biceps of 2 atopic diseased people and 5 normal people for 48 hours, with no change noticed in their biceps. 6. The results may be summarized as follows.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A case of ankylosing spondylitis complicating Crohn's disease].

A 20-year-old man, who had suffered from ankylosing spondylitis for about 1 year, was admitted to our hospital due to melena and syncope. Physical examination revealed tenderness of abdomen and sacroiliac joint, and decreased spinal mobility. X-ray examination showed sacroiliitis and squaring of vertebral bodies. RA test and RAHA, negative; CRP, strongly positive; HLA-B 27 positive. Intestinal barium enema revealed skipping longitudinal fissure at terminal ileum, and a biopsy specimen of the colon revealed non-caseating granuloma. The association of ankylosing spondylitis and Crohn's disease has widely been known in Europe and United States; but this is the first case reported in detail in Japan, where incidences of both diseases were much lower than those found in Caucasians.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Spontaneous rupture of the quadriceps tendon in patients on maintenance hemodialysis--report of three cases with clinicopathological observations.

Three patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis therapy for end-stage renal failure presented with spontaneous rupture of the quadriceps tendon(s). Biochemical data and the skeletal roentgenograms were compatible with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Histological examination of the excised quadriceps tendon specimens suggested that repeated minor avulsion fractures of the bone cortex at the tendon insertion site had preceded the final total tendon rupture and that osteitis fibrosa was responsible for these minor fractures. Serum alkaline phosphatase level had been increasing continuously for approximately five years prior to the tendon rupture in all three patients, indicating that uncontrolled osteitis fibrosa due to secondary hyperparathyroidism over these years preceded the tendon rupture.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Anaphylactic symptoms due to chlorhexidine gluconate.

Six patients who developed urticaria, dyspnea, and anaphylactic shock due to topical application of chlorhexidine gluconate solution are described. Chlorhexidine gluconate was confirmed as the causative agent of type I hypersensitivity by intradermal, scratch, and epicutaneous tests. To prevent life-threatening adverse reactions, it seems important to use chlorhexidine gluconate on wound surfaces at a concentration of 0.05%, as recommended by the manufacturer; chlorhexidine gluconate may not be suitable for application to mucous membranes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Characterization of a pantropic variant of Sendai virus derived from a host range mutant.

A variant (F1-R) was isolated from a temperature-sensitive host range mutant (ts-f1) of Sendai virus. F1-R was no longer temperature-sensitive but it retained the host range phenotype. Unlike wild-type virus, F1-R and ts-f1 undergo multiple cycles of replication in several cell lines in the absence of trypsin. This was attributed to proteolytic activation of the fusion (F) glycoprotein of the host range mutants, in cell nonpermissive to wild-type virus. In mice infected intranasally the variant F1-R caused a generalized infection. This was shown by immunohistology and with infectious virus being recovered from several organs whereas infection with wild-type virus was restricted to the lung. These observations indicate that the pantropic property of F1-R is the result of proteolytic activation of the virus by ubiquitous proteases. Nucleotide sequence analyses revealed that ts-f1 and F1-R differed from the wild-type virus by mutations at the region of the cleavage site of F and at the glycosylation site of the F2 subunit. The findings indicated that these mutations are responsible for the increased cleavability of the F protein of ts-f1 and F1-R and therefore are important determinants for the pantropism of F1-R.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Malignant paraganglioma. Report of a case and review of the Japanese literature.

An unusual case of malignant paraganglioma that manifested itself as pain in the temporomandibular joint and trismus and later manifested itself as a rapidly growing neck mass is described. Computed tomography revealed a huge mass with upward and downward extension in the infratemporal fossa. Radiotherapy was completely ineffective. At autopsy, a malignant paraganglioma with multiple metastases was found, but the site of origin could not be determined because of the size and extent. One hundred and ninety-one cases of paraganglioma of the head and neck published in the Japanese literature were analyzed with regard to their site, clinical, radiographic and microscopic features as well as treatment and results.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Cell-mediated immunity induced in mice after vaccination with a protease activation mutant, TR-2, of Sendai virus.

Our previous study has shown that, although a trypsin-resistant mutant of Sendai virus, TR-2, replicates only in a single cycle in mouse lung with a negligible lesion, the animal acquires a strong immunity against lethal infection with wild-type Sendai virus, suggesting that TR-2 could be used as a new type of live vaccine (M. Tashiro and M. Homma, J. Virol. 53:228-234, 1985). In the present study, we investigated the immunological response elicited in TR-2-infected mice, particularly with respect to cell-mediated immunity. Analyses of cytotoxic activities of spleen cells with 51Cr release assays revealed that Sendai virus-specific T lymphocytes (CTL), in addition to natural killer activity and antiviral antibodies, were induced in DBA/2 and C3H/He mice infected intranasally with TR-2. Proteolytic activation of the fusion glycoprotein F was required for the primary induction of CTL, though not necessarily for stimulation of natural killer and antibody responses. Memory of the CTL induced by TR-2 was long-lasting and was recalled in vivo immediately after challenge with wild-type Sendai virus. In contrast to TR-2, immunization with inactive split vaccine failed to induce the CTL response, but it elicited a high titer of serum antibody and a low level of natural killer activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Pneumopathogenicity in mice of a Sendai virus mutant, TSrev-58, is accompanied by in vitro activation with trypsin.

The pneumopathogenicity of a trypsin-sensitive revertant of Sendai virus, TSrev-58, which was derived from a trypsin-resistant mutant, TR-5, was examined in mice. In comparison with TR-5, the revertant had a single amino acid substitution at residue 116 (Ile----Arg) on F protein, which was the cleavage site, and had the same trypsin sensitivity as the wild-type virus. However, TSrev-58 still had a single amino acid difference from the wild-type virus at residue 109 (Asn----Asp) (M. Itoh, H. Shibuta, and M. Homma, J. Gen. Virol. 68:2939-2943, 1987). Nevertheless, the present study revealed that TSrev-58 had the same pneumopathogenicity in mice as the wild-type virus. This result indicates that the activating protease of Sendai virus present in the lungs of mice is quite similar to trypsin and also that the in vitro trypsin sensitivity of Sendai virus can be a good marker of pneumopathogenicity in mice.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Antitumor activity of cisplatin analogs against malignant ovarian tumor xenografts into nude mice.

The antitumor activity of new platinum analogs was studied at equitoxic doses to that of cisplatin (CDDP) in BALB/C nu-nu nude mice bearing xenografts of human ovarian malignant tumors. The following two tumor lines were used: OH-1 (serous cystadenocarcinoma) and MP-1 (mucinous cystadenoma, LPM). 1) Antitumor activity was determined for all agents from the T/C ratio for OH-1. In particular, 254-S and JM-8 were found to be much more active than the other agents. 2) Antitumor activity was determined with JM-8 from the abdominal diameter ratio for MP-1. Both JM-8 and CDDP yielded active responses which were evaluated by the CEA value. Therefore, JM-8 and CDDP were considered to be the most active agents for MP-1. 3) We evaluated the mean body weight loss of tumor bearing mice in order to study the side effects, and a great weight loss was observed with 254-S. 4) A large variety of effects were observed in the histological evaluation for the two tumor lines, and were thus difficult to discuss. Our findings suggest the necessity of individual chemotherapy for each histological type of ovarian malignant tumor.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Aggravation of pathogenicity of an avian influenza virus by adaptation to quails.

Influenza virus A/turkey/Ontario/7732/66 (H 5 N 9), which is highly pathogenic to chickens, is nonpathogenic to quails. After intratracheal or intramuscular inoculation of quails, virus replication was limited to the respiratory tract, genital organs, and pancreas. However, aggravation of the pathogenicity was achieved through adaptation only by several passages of lung homogenates in quails. The adapted virus caused a fatal generalized infection in quails as well as in chickens. The pathogenic change of the virus could not be explained by a change in the proteolytic cleavability of the hemagglutinin, because no difference was found in the cleavability between the original and the adapted viruses. The adapted virus formed larger plaques and grew a little faster than the original one in both chicken embryo and quail embryo cells. The faster multiplication of the adapted virus at the site of infection might be the reason for its change in pathogenicity. The original virus could circulate among quails by a direct contact transmission without causing disease. The shed virus, however, caused a fatal infection in chickens when they were kept in contact with the infected quails. The epidemiological significance of this observation is discussed.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1987

Synergistic role of staphylococcal proteases in the induction of influenza virus pathogenicity.

Several strains of Staphylococcus aureus have been found to secrete proteases that activate infectivity of influenza virus by proteolytic cleavage of the hemagglutinin. The enzymes of the bacterial strains Wood 46 and M 86/86 have been characterized in some detail and were found to be serine proteases. In their substrate specificities and inhibitor sensitivities they proved to be similar to, but not identical with trypsin and plasmin. The hemagglutinin of an individual virus strain could be cleaved by the proteases of some but not all staphylococcal strains, and a given enzyme could cleave only some but not all hemagglutinins analyzed. When mice were coinfected intranasally with the appropriate strains of influenza virus and S. aureus, the hemagglutinin was readily activated allowing multiple cycles of virus replication in the lung. Under these conditions, the animals came down with a fatal disease exhibiting extended lesions in the lung tissue. In contrast, after infection with virus or bacteria alone, there were no significant pathological changes. When the staphylococcal strain did not contain a protease that was able to activate the hemagglutinin of the coinfecting virus strain, the animals did not exhibit disease. These observations demonstrate that coinfecting bacteria can play an essential role in the development of influenza pneumonia by providing a protease suitable for cleavage activation of the hemagglutinin.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The complete amino acid sequence of rice bran trypsin inhibitor.

The complete amino acid sequence of a double-headed trypsin inhibitor (RBTI) from rice bran was determined by a combination of limited proteolysis of the native inhibitor with Streptomyces griseus trypsin at pH 3 and conventional methods. RBTI consists of 133 amino acid residues including 18 half-cystine residues which are involved in 9 disulfide bridges in the molecule. The limited proteolysis at pH 3 produced a major split of Lys(83)-Met(84) and a minor split of Arg(107)-Val(108) together with a non-enzymatic hydrolysis of Asp(19)-Pro(20) in the molecule. The established sequence showed that RBTI is composed of 4 domains, domains I and III, and domains II and IV being homologous to the first and the second domains of soybean Bowman-Birk inhibitor, respectively, indicating that RBTI has a duplicated structure of the Bowman-Birk type inhibitor.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

A comparative microphotometric analysis of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) in the skin and mycosis fungoides (MF).

In the skin lesions of 16 adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and 13 mycosis fungoides (MF), morphological features of cutaneous infiltrates and their cell kinetics were evaluated through microphotometry of nuclear DNA content and nuclear size on Feulgen-stained sections. Lymphomas comprising some giant cells with irregular-shaped nuclei were found only in ATLL and these cells revealed aneuploid high DNA values. In contrast, neoplastic cells with pale cytoplasm in the Giemsa stain were seen more frequently in MF (69.5%) than in ATLL (12.5%). Patterns of the cutaneous infiltration according to skin microenvironments such as perivascular areas, dermal papillae, and periadnexal areas, were similar in the both entities. In the perivascular areas a mixed proliferation of lymphoma cells and non-neoplastic lymphocytes was conspicuous. The lymphoma cells were determined by high DNA values and large nuclear sizes. But the ratio of lymphoma cells to non-neoplastic cells in the infiltrates in the perivascular areas was higher in ATLL than in MF. In the dermal papillae and around the skin appendages, lymphoma cells predominated. Lymphoma cells which formed a plaque or tumor in the dermis contained many actively proliferating cells having higher DNA values and larger nuclear sizes than the lymphoma cells without tumor formation. One case of ATLL intermediate cell type showed, however, few proliferating cells inspite of tumor formation, suggesting a pooling or a long life-span in the skin.

Cell Cycle↗