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Biomedical subjects

M Tanimoto

Publications and source records attributed to M Tanimoto.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Low incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease by the administration of methotrexate and cyclosporine in Japanese leukemia patients after bone marrow transplantation from human leukocyte antigen compatible siblings; possible role of genetic homogeneity. The Nagoya Bone Marrow Transplantation Group.

Japanese patients with leukemia who received bone marrow from human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-compatible siblings had a low incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Twenty-five (21%) of 120 patients developed moderate (grade II) to severe (grades III to IV) acute GVHD. Severe GVHD was only seen in patients older than 20 years of age. It is also notable that only 2 (5%) of 39 patients who received the combination of methotrexate and cyclosporine (MTX/CSP) for the prevention of GVHD developed grade II acute GVHD, and none developed grades III to IV acute GVHD. Thirteen (30%) of 44 patients receiving MTX alone and 10 (27%) of 37 patients receiving CSP alone developed grades II to IV acute GVHD. Multivariate life-table analysis indicated that the prophylaxis by MTX/CSP was the risk factor for the low incidence of grades II to IV acute GVHD. Compared with the reported incidence of acute GVHD in the patients of the United States, lower incidence of acute GVHD in Japanese BMT patients might be attributable to a lesser degree of genetic diversity in histocompatibility antigens among Japanese.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Increased P-glycoprotein expression and multidrug-resistant gene (mdr1) amplification are infrequently found in fresh acute leukemia cells. Sequential analysis of 15 cases at initial presentation and relapsed stage.

Using a DNA probe of mdr1 and an anti-P-glycoprotein monoclonal antibody (MRK16), the authors investigated 19 cases of adult acute leukemia patients (one M1, six M2, three M3, one M4, three M5, two L1, and three L2), comparing leukemia cells at the initial presentation (I) with those at the relapsed stage (R). By Southern hybridization analysis mdr1 DNA levels were not amplified in 32 samples from 19 patients (I: 14, R: 18). By Northern hybridization analysis mdr1 mRNA levels were not expressed in ten samples from seven patients (I: 4, R: 6). By indirect immunofluorescent assay with MRK16 antibody P-glycoprotein was not detected in 30 samples from 18 patients (I: 13, R: 17). Thus, P-glycoprotein expression and mdr1 gene amplification occurred infrequently not only in leukemia cells at the initial presentation but also in those at the relapsed cases and may not be a major cause of refractoriness to antileukemia drugs in adult acute leukemia.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1989

Association of HLA antigen and restriction fragment length polymorphism of T cell receptor beta-chain gene with Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

HLA antigen phenotypes and BglII restriction fragment length polymorphism of T cell receptor beta-chain (TCR beta) gene were analyzed in 61 patients with Graves' disease and 50 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The antigen frequency of HLA-Bw46 in both Graves' disease (23.0%) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (24.0%) was significantly higher than that in normal population (8.0%), with relative risks (RR) of 3.45 [corrected P (Pc) less than 0.009] and 3.66 (Pc less than 0.02), respectively. Significantly increased frequency of HLA-B51 antigen was also found in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (40.0% vs. 16.3% in controls; RR, 3.42; Pc less than 0.002). Hybridization of BglII-digested DNA with TCR beta probe revealed two alleles of 9.3 and 8.6 kilobases. The allele frequency of 8.6 kilobases in Graves' disease (79%) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (76%) was significantly higher (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.05, respectively) than that in controls (64%). The frequency of homozygous state 8.6/8.6 was significantly increased in both Graves' disease (62%) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (60%) over that in controls (39%); the RR of 8.6/8.6 in Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis were 2.55 (P less than 0.01) and 2.31 (P less than 0.05), respectively. These results indicate that in Japanese subjects at least two loci are involved in the susceptibility to Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, one related to HLA and another to TCR beta.

Alleles↗
PubMed1989

Extragenic factor IX gene RFLP is useful for detecting carriers of Japanese hemophilia B.

Seventy-eight X chromosomes from 25 normal Japanese subjects and 22 family members with hemophilia B (coagulation factor IX deficiency) were examined with an extragenic factor IX DNA probe, pX58dIIIc at DXS99 locus. In contrast to the previously described nonpolymorphic RFLPs in the factor IX gene, DXS99 locus RFLP produced by SacI digestion was detected among those Japanese subjects with allelic frequencies of 0.48 and 0.52. The estimated heterozygosity rate of this extragenic RFLP among Japanese females was about 50%. The study of hemophilia B family members showed that DXS99 locus RFLP was informative in 9 out of 13 families tested (69.2%). No recombination events between the factor IX gene locus (F9) and DXS99 locus have been noted among nine families analyzed. DXS99 SacI RFLP is a useful gene indicator of carrier-ship of hemophilia B.

Factor IX↗
PubMed1989

Factor IX molecular defects in diagnosing hemophilia B: a review.

The past several years have seen an explosive growth in the application of recombinant DNA methods to study the molecular pathology of various inherited disorders. As a consequence, molecular defects responsible for the disease have been identified at the sequence level. In this review, I briefly describe the recent progress in the uses of factor IX gene probes in clinical diagnosis of hemophilia B (Christmas disease) carriers, as well as their use for analyzing the structural gene abnormalities that are responsible for the disease.

Chromosome Deletion↗
PubMed1989

Restricted expression of an early myeloid and monocytic cell surface antigen defined by monoclonal antibody M195.

A mouse monoclonal IgG2a antibody, M195, with reactivity restricted to early myeloid cells, acute non-lymphoid leukemia cells (ANLL), and monocytic cells is described. The antibody was derived from a mouse immunized with live human leukemic myeloblasts. Specificity of binding of mAb M195 was determined by protein-A red blood cell rosetting assays, immunoabsorption, radioimmunoassays with iodine-125 labeled M195 IgG and F(Ab)'2, and complement cytotoxicity with live human cells and cell lines representing a broad range of lineages and tissues. Antigen expression was restricted to myeloid and monocytic leukemia cell lines and a fraction of mature adherent monocytes. Mature myeloid cells, T and B cells, erythrocytes, and platelets were negative. The antigen was not expressed on adult human tissues in immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescence assays. Blocking antigen was not found in the serum of patients with ANLL. Ten thousand sites per cell were expressed on myeloid or monocytic leukemia cell lines and 5000 sites per cell on mature monocytes. M195 IgG bound to its antigen target with an avidity of 3 x 10(9) liters/mol and induced rapid modulation of the antigen. M195 IgG was able to effectively kill cells with rabbit or guinea pig complement, but not human complement. The antibody did not mediate antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity. The molecular nature of the target antigen remains unknown but it appears to be carried on the CD33 protein p67. Because of its restricted distribution on myelomonocytic cells, mAb M195 may be useful in studying myeloid differentiation, in the clinical diagnosis of ANLL, in purging of bone marrow of ANLL, and/or in monoclonal antibody therapy in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Monoclonal antibody M195: a diagnostic marker for acute myelogenous leukemia.

Monoclonal antibody (mAb) M195 is a mouse IgG2a reactive with a myelomonocytic differentiation antigen found on early myeloid cells and monocytes. The reactivity of M195 with fresh hematopoietic neoplasms in the blood or bone marrow from 227 patients at Memorial Hospital was determined by flow cytometry. M195 was positive on 67% of 61 myeloblastic leukemias. Seventy percent of Tdt-negative ANLL and 30% of Tdt-positive ANLL were positive; 100% of CMMOL and 100% of CML in myeloblastic crisis or accelerated phase were positive. In contrast, M195 was positive on only 8% of 51 lymphoblastic leukemias and 1% of 70 other nonmyeloid samples. M195 binding did not correlate well with FAB classification of ANLL. The pattern of reactivity of M195 was similar but not identical to that of MY9 (CD33) on the same cases (83% concordance). Cross-blocking of M195 binding by MY9 and L4F3 (CD33) was demonstrated. M195 may bind to a different epitope on the same protein antigen. The presence of both MY9 and M195 positivity on a leukemia sample had a 98% specificity of diagnosing ANLL, which was greater than MY9 alone (88%) or M195 alone (92%). Assays of granulocytic-monocytic and erythroid colony-forming units showed M195 to be present on these hematopoietic progenitors. This pattern of reactivity of M195, together with its lack of reactivity with mature granulocytic elements or with adult tissues, make it a candidate for therapy of ANLL in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Cancer curable by chemotherapy: acute myelogenous leukemia].

Acute myelogenous leukemia (ALM) can be cured by chemotherapy. We have treated 121 adult AML cases for the past 9 years. With BHAC-DMP therapy starting in 1979, CR was obtained in 82% of 51 consecutive AML and the predicted 8-year continuing CR (CCR). Survival of CR cases was, 15 and 21%, respectively. Multivariate analysis of the prognostic factors revealed that % of blasts in the bone marrow at 2 weeks after the start of induction therapy was the most significant factor for CCR. Thus, we started BHAC-DMP (II) therapy with highly intensive induction therapy in 1983, but were forced to cancel this because of an intolerably high incidence of severe infections during the induction therapy. The CR rate was 76% in 29 consecutive patients, and the predicted 5-year CCR and survival of CR cases are 27 and 47%, respectively. Then we started M-85 protocol with intermediately intensive induction followed by 3 courses of highly intensive consolidation therapy using non-cross resistant drugs in 1985. The CR rate was 71% in 41 consecutive patients. Although 4 patients died of infections or myocardial infarction during the consolidation therapies, the predicted 2.5-year CCR and survival of CR cases are 76 and 74%, respectively, with a median follow-up of 28 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment with sulbactam/cefoperazone of severe infections in patients with hematological disorders].

Infectious episodes in 90 patients with hematological disorders were treated with sulbactam/cefoperazone (SBT/CPZ), a new combination drug of a potent beta-lactamase inhibitor, sodium sulbactam, and a third generation cephalosporin, sodium cefoperazone. Clinical responses to the SBT/CPZ regimen were excellent in 23 cases, good in 30 cases, fair in 11 cases, and poor in 26 cases. The overall efficacy rate (percentage of cases showing excellent or good responses) was 58.9%. Efficacy rates classified according to different infections were: 80% in documented sepsis, 57.6% in suspected sepsis, 61.1% in pneumonia and 50% in other infections. One episode of side effect was encountered with redness and itching of skin. Hepatic disorders were observed in 3 cases. These adverse reactions, however, were not serious. These results indicate that SBT/CPZ has a high therapeutic efficacy to severe infections in patients with hematological disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Effects of temperature on the oxygen consumption in thin slices from different brain regions.

The oxygen consumption of brain slices from 12 different regions of the guinea pig brain was measured and the effects of temperature on the consumption was investigated. At 37 degrees C the oxygen consumption in cerebral gray matter and inferior colliculus was higher than that of other regions, whilst the consumption in cerebral white matter and brainstem was approximately half of that in cerebral gray matter. In any region lowering the tissue temperature from 37 to 28 degrees C reduced the oxygen consumption by 6-8% of the value obtained at 37 degrees C per one degree. At 21 degrees C the consumption was decreased to 15% of the value obtained at 37 degrees C. It is notable that the consumption in hippocampal slices tested was remarkably increased by raising the temperature up to 50 degrees C and no consumption was observed at 55 degrees C.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The protective effect of hypothermia on reversibility in the neuronal function of the hippocampal slice during long lasting anoxia.

The reversibility of neuronal function (postsynaptic potential and level of high energy phosphates) during deprivation of oxygen and/or glucose at 37, 28 and 21 degrees C was studied using hippocampal slices. The resistance of the neurons per se against anoxia could be well determined in the brain slice free from post-anoxic circulatory disturbance. During deprivation of oxygen and glucose the survival time, the period of deprivation of oxygen and glucose during which neurons of the tissue slice can survive for recovery, was at 10, 15 and 45 min at 37, 28 and 21 degrees C, respectively. During deprivation of glucose only it was 1.5, 3 and 5 h at 37, 28 and 21 degrees C. During deprivation of oxygen only the survival time was 2.5, 5 and 15 h at 37, 28 and 21 degrees C. Deep hypothermia (21 degrees C) and the presence of glucose prolonged tremendously the survival time of the neurons of tissue slice during long-lasting anoxia.

Animals↗