Biomedical subjects

M Taniguchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Taniguchi.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

[Clinical significance of the measurement of serum pepsinogen group I and II by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay].

We have developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for pepsinogen group I and II (PG I.II) in human serum, and clinical significance of serum pepsinogen measurement was evaluated. Serum PG I.II levels in patients with gastric and duodenal ulcer were higher than those in normal healthy subjects. On the other hand, serum PG I levels in patients with pernicious anemia were significantly low levels. In both gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, serum PG I.II levels at active stage were higher than healing stage. These results suggested that the measurement of PG I.II levels was useful for screening or monitoring test for the injury of gastric and duodenal mucosa.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

[Two cases of pericardial diverticulum].

Two cases of resection of pericardial diverticulum are reported. The lesion was located in the right upper mediastinum in case 1 (66-year-old woman) and at the right anterior cardio-phrenic angle in case 2 (20-year-old woman). In case 1, the shape of the lesion varied on fluoroscopic observation when the position of the patient was changed, and in case 2, ICG instilled into the lesion operation diffused into the pericardial cavity. These procedures seemed to be useful in the diagnosis of pericardial diverticulum, differentiating it from pericardial cyst.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Induction therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia with all-trans retinoic acid: a case, followed by conventional post-remission chemotherapy in complete remission].

A 41-year-old man with untreated acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) was treated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) 80mg/body/day per os. Complete remission was reached in 16 day without bone marrow hypoplasia and aggravated disseminated intravascular coagulation. The chromosomal abnormality, t (15;17), which presented before therapy has not been found since the 29th day of therapy. During the course of induction therapy with ATRA, there was no complication worth of mentioning. Induction therapy with ATRA is thought to be more effective and safer than conventional chemotherapy to attain complete remission in APL. The complete remission has been maintained for 11 months with conventional postremission chemotherapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Sodium cromoglycate nebulized solution has an acute bronchodilative effect in patients with aspirin-intolerant asthma (AIA)].

Sodium cromoglycate (SCG) (Intal) is a well-known anti-allergic agent which protects against allergen- and exercise-induced bronchospasms. The effect has been recognized non-acute, unlike that of bronchodilators. However, we have found that some patients with aspirin-intolerant asthma (AIA) show significant improvement soon after a single inhalation of SCG nebulized solution. In this study, we investigated the acute bronchodilator effect of SCG given by nebulizer in adult asthmatics, especially compairing AIA with non-AIA (aspirin-tolerant asthma) patients. Twenty patients with AIA and 11 with non-AIA participated in the study. After performing spirometry on remission, they inhaled either SCG via a nebulizer or 4 ml of placebo in a randomized double-blind fashion. After inhalation, spirometry was performed every ten minutes for one hour. The placebo used was a saline solution of the same osmolarity as that of the SCG nebulized solution. Placebo inhalation provoked asthmatic attacks in five of the patients with AIA and one with non-AIA, but SCG did not. In the AIA group, twelve out of the twenty patients also had improved nasal symptoms soon after inhalation of SCG. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was significantly improved 10 minutes after inhalation of SCG. Fifty minutes after SCG inhalation, the percent degree of FEV1 improvement was approximately 17%. However, FEV1 was significantly decreased by approximately 14% after inhalation of placebo. In the non-AIA group, FEV1 was not increased after inhalation of SCG. V25 was not changed after inhalation of SCG in AIA and non-AIA groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Inhalation↗

PubMed1992

Protective effect of probucol on ischemia-reperfusion arrhythmias in the rat heart.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of probucol on ischemia-reperfusion injury in the isolated working rat heart. DESIGN: Twelve male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: one was fed normal chow (group C) and the other was fed chow containing 1% probucol for four weeks (group P). Samples of heart organ and blood were then taken under anesthesia. Isolated hearts were perfused in a working heart model. After 5 mins of perfusion in aerobic conditions, global ischemia was induced for 15 mins, the hearts were then reperfused. Aortic and coronary flow, cardiac function and electrocardiogram were monitored throughout the experiment, including a 20 min period of reperfusion. Serum lipids and lipid peroxide were also measured in each rat. RESULTS: Rats in group P (probucol-treated) had significantly lower levels of serum cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid than those in group C (controls). Serum lipid peroxide was also significantly lower in group P than in group C rats (P < 0.05). The incidence of ventricular arrhythmias in the ischemia and reperfusion stages was lower in group P than in group C (P < 0.001) and the increase in coronary flow during the reperfusion stage was greater in isolated hearts of group P rats than in those of group C (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Probucol may have a protective effect on myocardium with respect to ischemia-reperfusion arrhythmia in the isolated rat heart, presumably due to an antioxidative effect.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[A case of asthma relieved by aspirin--the first case in Japan and investigation of its mechanism].

We report a case of asthma that was relieved by aspirin and other cyclooxygenase inhibitors. The patient, a 51-year-old man, was admitted to our hospital because of an asthmatic attack. Onset of asthma had occurred at the age of 40 years, after a flu-like infection, and was preceded for several years by perennial rhinitis and loss of the sense of smell. The course was perennial, and unrelated to the seasons. These clinical features resembled those of aspirin-induced asthma (AIA). Therefore, suspecting AIA, we performed a aspirin-DL-lysine iv challenge test. After aspirin-DL-lysine injection, FEV1 was increased by about 30% and nasal obstruction was improved. Other cyclooxygenase inhibitors (indomethacin, mefenamic acid, ketoprofen) also improved FEV1 by more than 30%. Hydrocortisone sodium succinate (HCs) improved FEV1 about 20%. Lipoxygenase inhibitor (AA861) produced an evident attack, but continued administration did not result in complete tolerance. On the other hand, seven other AIA patients showed no reaction to AA861. DSCG had an acute bronchodilative effect similar to that of AIA. Paraben and chloramphenicol sodium succinate (CMs) produced an asthmatic attack. The present patient showed a marked improvement in response to cyclooxygenase inhibitors and HCs, in contrast to the situation in AIA, and developed an evident asthmatic attack in response to lipoxygenase inhibitor. He showed marked improvement in the response to DSCG and developed an asthmatic attack in response to paraben and CMs, as in AIA. Our results suggest an abnormality of Arachidonic acid metabolism not only in AIA but also in asthma relieved by aspirin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aspirin↗

PubMed1992

[A case of isolated absence of the right pulmonary artery].

A 40-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for investigation of an abnormal chest roentgenogram. She had been well with normal exercise tolerance and had no history of pneumonia. The chest roentgenogram showed decreased vascularity of the right lung, ipsilateral small hemithorax, and shift of the mediastinum toward the right. In the right lung field, hazy and confluent micronodular shadows were seen, and the left lung was emphysematous and hyperlucent. Herniation of the left lung into the contralateral thorax was seen. Although lung perfusion scintigrams showed no detectable blood flow to the right lung, a krypton ventilation study revealed diminished but homogeneous ventilation of the ipsilateral lung. A bronchogram showed normal structure of the bronchi. Cardiac catheterization revealed normal pulmonary arterial pressure. A pulmonary angiogram showed no right pulmonary artery, and absence of other cardiovascular anomalies. Therefore, the diagnosis of isolated absence of the right pulmonary artery was confirmed. An aortic angiogram demonstrated collateral vessels originating from one of the bronchial arteries, the infradiaphragmatic artery, and the right coronary artery. Chest CT disclosed cystic changes in the right lung field.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Penetration of levofloxacin in bile].

The penetration into bile of a new pyridonecarboxylic acid derivative, levofloxacin (LVFX), was studied in a closs-over method with ofloxacin (OFLX) as the control drug in 6 post-operative patients. The lengths of time to the maximum concentrations in bile and the total areas under the curves were both almost the same for these 2 compounds, although the maximum bile concentration of LVFX was slightly lower than that of OFLX. A stability test for LVFX in human bile revealed that over 95.4% of the initial amount was recovered up to 24 hours after commencement of incubation at a room temperature, thus the stability in bile was similar to that in water. The penetration of LVFX which possesses twice as strong antibacterial activities as OFLX was similar to that of OFLX, suggesting that LVFX is useful against bile duct infections.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

[Characteristics of the myocardial SPECT images of 99mTc-MIBI and 99mTc-teboroxime].

Characteristics of the myocardial distribution of 99mTc-MIBI and 99mTc-Teboroxime was compared with the myocardial distribution of 201Tl. We made summed myocardial images, in which central three short-axis SPECT slices were added. Rectangular region of interest (ROI) was set on each myocardial segment, and mean counts of each myocardial region was obtained using summed short-axis images. The ratio of inferior-to-anterior mean counts (I/A) was 0.69 +/- 0.20 in 99mTc-MIBI and 0.62 +/- 0.16 in 201Tl. The ratio of inferior-to-lateral mean counts was 0.70 +/- 0.18 and 0.65 +/- 0.13, respectively. Both ratios in 99mTc-MIBI were significantly higher than those in 201Tl (p less than 0.05). 201Tl to 99mTc-MIBI ratios of these two values were 1.11 +/- 0.17 (I/A) and 1.08 +/- 0.16 (I/L). The ratios of I/A and I/L of 99mTc-MIBI were about 10 percent higher than those of 201Tl. 99mTc-Teboroxime dynamic short-axis SPECT images of every three-minute were obtained. The ratios of counts in each wall were calculated similarly. After about 8 minutes, gradual increase in hepatic activity can be a cause of quantitative error in the assessment of SPECT images. We obtained the data with a human cardiac phantom. The myocardial phantom filled with 99mTc or 201Tl was placed in the mediastinal portion that is surrounded by the lung (saw dust) and vertebra (plastic bar). The ratio of I/A was 0.79 and I/L was 0.85 in 201Tl. The I/A ratio was 0.93 and I/L was 0.97 in 99mTc. Both ratios in 99mTc were about 15 percent higher than those in 201Tl.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Coronary Circulation↗

PubMed1992

[Aortic valve replacement with Medtronic Hall valve (#21) using technique of enlargement of aortic annulus].

Aortic valve replacement was performed in 2 patients with severe aortic stenosis. They showed severe calcified valve and narrow aortic annulus. The aortic annulus was enlarged to 22 mm and 23 mm in diameter in each patient by the technique of Nicks. Then aortic valve replacement was performed with Medtronic-Hall valve (#21) which is supposed to get larger valve area than Björk-Shiley valve. They had good operative course except a complication of complete AV block in the first patient. In this patient a DDD pacemaker was implanted 19 days after operation. Cardiac catheterization was performed 11 or 12 months after operation and good hemodynamics was obtained in both patients. The aortic mean pressure gradient was 6 and 5 mmHg at rest, and 9 and 13 mmHg during exercise on bicycle ergometer in each patient. The aortic valve area was 1.7 and 1.9 cm2, respectively. Body surface area in these patients was 1.29 and 1.36 m2. We concluded that in the small patients we could get a good result with Medtronic Hall valve (#21).

Aged↗

PubMed1992

[Myocardial perfusion and clearance of 99mTc teboroxime assessed by SPECT].

99mTc teboroxime is a new myocardial imaging agent that has characteristics of high accumulation in the heart and rapid clearance. We performed tomographic teboroxime study and compared the findings with that of 201Tl. Myocardial teboroxime clearance was calculated by dynamic single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using continuous repetitive rotation acquisition method. Teboroxime SPECT image was reconstructed by the three-minute data started from 4 minutes after injection. In 45 myocardial regions (15 patients), complete agreement between 201Tl and 99mTc teboroxime was obtained in 33 regions (73%), when the findings were classified as normal, ischemia and infarction. Significant delay in clearance was seen in the region of coronary stenosis (greater than or equal to 75%) compared with that in the control region (p = 0.0087 at rest, and p = 0.0385 at peak exercise by paired T test). Septum-to-lateral ratios of the clearance and myocardial initial count showed positive correlation (r = 0.743). Further clinical application of this radiopharmaceutical is expected as a new myocardial imaging agent.

Coronary Circulation↗

PubMed1992

[Intraoperative monitoring of early auditory evoked potentials in hearing acoustic neuroma patients complemented by cochlear nerve action potentials].

Hearing preservation was attempted in eight cases of acoustic neurinomas with good preoperative hearing. This was successful in 3 cases. Brain-stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP0 were monitored in all cases, and compound nerve action potentials (CNAP) were recorded from the cochlear nerve in the last 3 cases. The BAEP was extremely sensitive to intraoperative manipulation. Intraoperative loss of wave V in BAEP was observed not only in all 5 cases with postoperative hearing loss, but also in 2 out of 3 cases with successful hearing preservation. CNAP correlated better with the hearing outcome than BAEP. In the cases where hearing was preserved, intact CNAP responses were demonstrated at the end of the operation. Conversely, deterioration of CNAP was seen in a case of postoperative hearing loss. CNAP was 10-15 times larger in amplitude than BAEP, so that the new responses were obtainable in shorter intervals. This capability of frequent examination seemed to increase the possibility of avoiding irreversible damage to the hearing by changing surgical tactics. The addition of CNAP monitoring is a good supplement to conventional BAEP monitoring in acoustic neurinoma surgery.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Establishment and characterization of a malignant melanocytic tumor cell line expressing the ret oncogene.

We established a cell line (designated Mel-ret) from a melanocytic tumor developed in a metallothionein/ret transgenic mouse. Unlike primary melanocytic tumors, which did not show malignant features, when the Mel-ret cells were transplanted into nude mice they invaded into surrounding tissues and had metastatic ability. Although the Ret proteins were expressed at similar levels in the cell line and the primary tumors, the level of tyrosine phosphorylation in the Mel-ret cells was much higher than that in the primary tumors. In particular, an 85-kDa tyrosine-phosphorylated band was specifically detected in the Mel-ret cells. These results suggest that the increase in tyrosine phosphorylation may be responsible for malignant transformation of the Mel-ret cells. Immunofluorescence and cell fractionation studies showed that the Ret proteins and most of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in the Mel-ret cells localized in the membrane fraction. No activation of phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase (PI-3 kinase), a target protein for several tyrosine kinases, was detected in the Mel-ret cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

The ret oncogene products are membrane-bound glycoproteins phosphorylated on tyrosine residues in vivo.

We identified ret oncogene products in NIH 3T3 cells transformed by the ret oncogene (NIH(ret)) and a cell line (Lym-ret) established from pre-B cell lymphoma which developed in E mu-ret transgenic mice. Using the polyclonal antibody against the kinase domain of ret, two glycoproteins with apparent molecular weights of 100 kd and 96 kd were found in both cell lines, although the expression level of the 100 kd protein was much higher than that of the 96 kd protein. Cell fractionation experiments indicated that the 100 kd protein was present predominantly in the membrane fraction while the 96 kd protein was found in both membrane and cytosol fractions. Western blot analysis indicated that the 100 kd ret protein was phosphorylated on tyrosine residues in vivo.

3T3 Cells↗

PubMed1991

Induction of negative signal through CD2 during antigen-specific T cell activation.

We have investigated the role of CD2 molecules in Ag-specific T cell activation by using a mouse model system in which the function of CD2 can be analyzed without the apparent influence of major accessory molecules, such as CD4 or LFA-1. Transfection of the CD2 gene into a CD2- T cell hybridoma confers the enhancement of IL-2 production upon Ag stimulation. Anti-CD2 mAb inhibits the Ag-specific response of the CD2-transfectant, not only to the level of CD2- cells but to the background. B cells, but not MHC class II-transfected L cells, serve as APC to induce the inhibition of Ag response. The complete abrogation of the response is observed only upon the stimulation through TCR with Ag in the presence of APC but not through either TCR-CD3 or other molecules such as Thy-1. Furthermore, the inhibition can also be observed when anti-CD2 mAb is immobilized on culture plates, suggesting that the inhibition of Ag response results from transducing the negative signal through the CD2 molecule. The experiments on cytoplasmic domain-deleted CD2-transfected T cells reveal that the cytoplasmic portion is responsible for the CD2-mediated abrogation of Ag responses. These results imply that CD2 has important roles in T cell responses not only as an activation and adhesion molecule but also as a regulatory molecule of Ag-specific responses through the TCR.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Dominant expression of a distinctive V14+ T-cell antigen receptor alpha chain in mice.

A distinctive variable region 14-positive (V14+) alpha chain (V alpha 14+) of the T-cell antigen receptor is predominantly expressed in multiple mouse subspecies. The V alpha 14 family has two members, V alpha 14.1 and V alpha 14.2, which differ by only three amino acids at positions 50-52. Based on the EcoRI restriction fragment length polymorphism of the gene encoding V alpha 14, mice can be divided into three groups: type I with an 11.2-kilobase (kb) fragment, type II with a 2.0-kb fragment, and type III with the 2.0-kb and 11.2-kb fragments. Usage of V alpha 14-J alpha 281, where J alpha 281 is an alpha-chain joining segment, with a one-base N region dominates at the level of 0.02-1.5% of alpha chains in all laboratory strains, Mus musculus castaneus, and Mus musculus domesticus but not in Mus musculus molossinus, Mus musculus musculus, and Mus spicilegus samples. The preferential V alpha 14-J alpha 281 expression seems to be due to positive selection because the V-J junctional region is always glycine, despite the ability of the V alpha 14 gene to associate with J alpha other than J alpha 281. As V alpha 14-J alpha 281 expression is independent of known major histocompatibility complex antigens, including H-2, TLA, Qa, and HMT, the selecting ligand must be a monomorphic molecule of the mouse, expressed in a subspecies-specific manner. Additional observations, such as the expression of homogeneous V alpha 14-J alpha 281 in athymic mice, suggest that the positive selection of V alpha 14+ T cells occurs extrathymically.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1991

CD2 can mediate TCR/CD3-independent T cell activation.

T lymphocytes can be activated clonotypically through TCR/CD3 complex or polyclonally via the CD2 molecule. Whether CD2-mediated activation is dependent on TCR/CD3 expression or signaling is controversial. We have re-explored this issue by using a series of CD2-transfected, TCR/CD3 surface membrane-negative human and mouse T cells. Our results clearly show that such T cells can be triggered for IL-2 secretion and increases in intracellular Ca2+ through the CD2 molecule in the absence of surface expression of TCR/CD3 complexes. These responses are only observed when cells express high levels of CD2 and there is a critical threshold of CD2 expression necessary for such activation in the absence of CD3. Concomitant expression of TCR/CD3 complex markedly lowers the level of CD2 required for activation via the latter pathway. These results provide a clear resolution of the controversy concerning the requirement for surface CD3 expression in T cell activation through CD2 and further suggest a possible role for CD2 in activation of TCR/CD3-negative cells.

Antigens, CD↗

PubMed1991

Suppression of type II collagen-induced arthritis by monoclonal antibodies.

Some mouse monoclonal antibodies raised against chicken type II collagen suppressed or delayed the onset of chicken type II collagen-induced arthritis in DBA/1 mice. This was correlated with the suppression of anti-mouse type II collagen antibody responses following immunization with chicken type II collagen. The epitopes recognized by the suppressive antibodies were found to be present on cyanogen bromide (CB)-digested collagen peptides CB-11 and CB-12. This was also confirmed by the finding that administration of the CB-11 or CB-12 peptide suppressed the induction of arthritis.

Animals↗