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Biomedical subjects

M Tanenbaum

Publications and source records attributed to M Tanenbaum.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Solitary fibrous tumor of the lacrimal gland fossa.

BACKGROUND: Solitary fibrous tumors are rare spindle cell neoplasms that most commonly arise in the pleura. Recently, solitary fibrous tumors of the orbital soft tissues have been described. The authors report the first case of solitary fibrous tumor arising in the lacrimal gland fossa and discuss features that may distinguish solitary fibrous tumor from other lacrimal fossa lesions. METHODS: A left lacrimal gland fossa tumor was excised via lateral orbitotomy from a 76-year-old man and analyzed by light microscopy. Immunohistochemical studies were performed using antibodies to CD34, vimentin, epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratins AE1-3 and Cam5.2, S-100 protein, and actin. RESULTS: The histopathologic features of the tumor were typical of solitary fibrous tumor. A well-circumscribed, variably cellular proliferation of bland spindle cells displayed both "patternless" and storiform growth patterns. Immunohistochemical studies showed that the tumor cells expressed vimentin and CD34 but did not express epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratins, S-100 protein, or actin. The patient is free of tumor recurrence after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: The authors report the first case of solitary fibrous tumor arising in the lacrimal gland fossa. The clinical presentation of this tumor was similar to that of pleomorphic adenoma (benign mixed tumor) of the lacrimal gland; fortunately, the treatment for both of these lacrimal gland fossa neoplasms is en bloc excision. The histopathologic appearance of solitary fibrous tumor is varied, and immunohistochemical analysis may help in distinguishing solitary fibrous tumor from other lacrimal fossa lesions. Careful follow-up of patients with solitary fibrous tumor is important because recurrence may present years after excision of the primary tumor.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Merkel cell carcinoma of the eyelid and periocular tissues.

Five patients had eyelid and periocular Merkel cell carcinoma. The tumor was located on the left lower eyelid in two patients, the left upper eyelid in one patient, the right upper eyelid in one patient, and was metastatic to the right outer canthus in one patient. The mean duration of symptoms was approximately four months. The diagnosis of Merkel cell carcinoma was not suspected clinically in any of the four primary eyelid cases, but was only established on histopathologic examination of biopsy specimens. Light microscopy disclosed carcinoma with small primitive cells in all five tumor biopsy specimens. Immunohistochemical studies showed neuron-specific enolase and keratin and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated neurosecretory granules typical for Merkel cell carcinoma. All five patients in this study were treated with wide surgical excision of the eyelid tumors with intraoperative frozen-section monitoring of the margins of resection. The left lower eyelid Merkel cell carcinoma spread to the preauricular lymph node in one patient. This patient subsequently died of metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma. One patient with metastatic right outer canthus Merkel cell carcinoma received radiotherapy (6,550 cGy). Eyelid Merkel cell carcinoma has the potential for recurrence and metastatic spread. We recommend lifetime follow-up for patients treated for eyelid Merkel cell carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

The tarsal pillar technique for narrowing and maintenance of the interpalpebral fissure.

We describe a tarsorrhaphy technique whereby an ipsilateral upper-eyelid tarsal pillar is sutured to a corresponding lower-eyelid recipient site. This technique allows maintenance of a narrowed interpalpebral fissure indefinitely, yet is easy to reverse without incurring lid-margin damage. Additionally, the procedure can be adjusted postoperatively to either narrow or widen the initial surgical result. We report our combined surgical experience in 35 consecutive procedures using this technique to treat eyes with exposure-related keratopathy of varied etiology, including facial nerve palsies, combined facial nerve palsy and trigeminal neuropathy with an anesthetic cornea, Graves' disease, congenital craniofacial anomalies, and severe keratitis sicca syndrome. The procedure was successful in improving exposure keratopathy symptoms in all 35 cases. Complications, reflecting the authors' learning curve with this new procedure, included intermarginal pyogenic granulomas, stretching of the tarsal pillar, minor lower-eyelid-margin eversion, and tarsal pillar dehiscence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

A prospective study of angiographic cystoid macular edema one year after Nd: YAG posterior capsulotomy.

We prospectively studied 120 eyes with intact opacified posterior capsules in 120 consecutive patients to determine the incidence of new late-onset angiographic cystoid macular edema (CME) after neodynium: yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser posterior capsulotomy. Fifty-seven of 120 patients (48%) had both precapsulotomy and one-year post-capsulotomy angiograms done. Of these 57 patients, three eyes had angiographic CME before capsulotomy and two of these three cases had persistent CME one year after capsulotomy. In the other 54 patients, three new late-onset cases occurred (5.6%). Because the incidence of postcapsulotomy new CME was low, the statistical significance of possible risk factors, such as rupture of the anterior hyaloid face or pseudophakic status cannot be determined. However, aphakic patients with vitreous prolapse after capsulotomy tended to have a higher incidence to CME than pseudophakic patients. We recommend fluorescein angiography to identify occult CME in cases of unexplained visual-acuity decrease after capsulotomy.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Laser ablation of blepharopigmentation.

This article discusses laser ablation of blepharopigmentation in four stages: first, experimentally, where pigment vaporization is readily achieved with the argon blue-green laser; second, in the rabbit animal model, where eyelid blepharopigmentation markings are ablated with the laser; third, in human subjects, where the argon blue-green laser is effective in the ablation of implanted eyelid pigment; and fourth, in a case report, where, in a patient with improper pigment placement in the eyelid, the laser is used to safely and effectively ablate the undesired pigment markings. This article describes in detail the new technique of laser ablation of blepharopigmentation. Potential complications associated with the technique are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Calcified cytoid bodies in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

The postmortem histopathologic findings of eyes from two patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are presented. Both patients had succumbed to multiple opportunistic infections. All of the eyes demonstrated calcified cotton-wool patches of the retina. To date, there have been no prior descriptions of calcification of cotton-wool spots (CWS). The pathophysiologic mechanisms unique to AIDS that allow some of these CWSs to calcify have yet to be determined.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1982

Myosin phosphorylation, agonist concentration and contraction of tracheal smooth muscle.

Myosin phosphorylation plays an important part in excitation--contraction coupling in smooth muscle. Phosphorylation by a Ca2+, calmodulin-dependent kinase stimulates the actin-activated Mg2+-ATPase activity of smooth muscle myosin, suggesting that myosin phosphorylation regulates smooth muscle contraction. This hypothesis is supported by evidence that myosin is phosphorylated during contraction and dephosphorylated during relaxation of intact smooth muscles stimulated with a single agonist concentration. However, there is little information regarding the response to stimulation with various agonist concentrations. As the dose-response relationships for phosphorylation and tension should be similar if myosin phosphorylation does, in fact, regulate smooth muscle contraction, we studied myosin phosphorylation in tracheal smooth muscle stimulated with a broad range of concentrations of the cholinergic agonist, methacholine. The results of these experiments are consistent with the hypothesis that myosin phosphorylation regulates smooth muscle contraction but they indicate a relatively complex relationship between myosin phosphorylation and the generation of isometric tension.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗