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Biomedical subjects

M Tamai

Publications and source records attributed to M Tamai.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Clinical significance of the measurement of serum neuron-specific enolase levels in patients with lung cancer].

Subjects were comprised of 100 healthy adults, 85 patients with primary lung cancer, 20 with benign lung disease and 4 with metastatic lung cancer. Serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels were estimated by means of an NSE RIA kit produced by Eiken Radiopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. The normal range of serum NSE level was between 4.5 and 10.30 (mean: 6.81) ng/ml in the 100 healthy adults. The serum NSE level in patients with small cell carcinoma was significantly higher than the mean in patients with other histological types. Positive rates of serum NSE levels were 80% in patients with small cell carcinoma, 54% in patients with adenocarcinoma, 52% in patients with squamous cell carcinoma and 1% in healthy adults, respectively. According to the progress of staging in lung cancer patients, serum NSE levels became increased. Serum NSE level seems to be specific marker in patients with small cell lung cancer and to be useful for diagnosis and the monitoring of cancer treatment.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[Randomized crossover trial of the antiemetic effects obtained with metoclopramide and droperidol versus those obtained with metoclopramide, droperidol and methylprednisolone in patients receiving cis-platinum chemotherapy].

Twenty-four patients with lung cancer receiving cis-platinum chemotherapy were entered in an antiemetic randomized crossover trial. The effects of high-dose metoclopramide and droperidol (regimen I) were compared with those obtained with a combination of high-dose metoclopramide, droperidol and methylprednisolone (regimen II). Three patients (12.5%) treated with regimen I and 10 (43.5%) treated with regimen II had no vomiting at all (p less than 0.05). Patient preference was significantly in favor of regimen II (p less than 0.05). No Severe side effects were observed. A further trial is necessary to determine the optimal dosage and scheduling of the available agents.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Evaluation of various administration routes of the streptococcal preparation, OK-432, with regard to their in vivo effect by lymphocytes proliferation assay].

To evaluate the efficacies of various administration routes of the streptococcal preparation, OK-432, we studied the lymphocyte proliferation responses to lectins in patients with malignancies. OK-432 was administered intravenously (I.V.), intramuscularly (I. M.) or intradermally (I.D.) for 2 weeks. Lymphocyte proliferation responses to concanavalin A, PHA and SuM (crude extract of OK-432) were studied before and after OK-432 administration. Enhanced responses were observed in 7 out of 9 patients (77.8%) in the I.V. group compared with 3 out of 7 (44.2%) in the I.M. group and 4 out of 9 (44.4%) in the I.D. group. Ratios of stimulation index (S.I.) after administration over S.I. before administration were highest in the I.V. group. These results suggest that I.V. administration of OK-432 is most effective for stimulating host immune systems.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Surface marker studies on lymphoma and leukemia cells with microcytotoxicity test using the UCLA Monoclonal Antibody Tray 5].

Surface marker studies of lymphoid malignancies are important in predicting the prognosis. We have investigated surface marker studies on lymphoma and leukemia cells with a new method of a microcytotoxicity test using monoclonal antibodies. The microcytotoxicity test (UCLA Monoclonal Antibody Tray 5) has the advantages of being performed in a few hours with an easy technique. The results showed that T-cell lymphomas and B-cell lymphomas could be clearly differentiated by monoclonal antibodies specific to T or B cells, respectively. Leukemia cells of ALL and AML were also tested for several monoclonal antibodies. However, the problem that most of the monoclonal antibodies used in this tray have not been characterized for specificity has yet to be solved.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

[A study of sputum beta 2-microglobulin and carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with primary lung cancer].

Sputum beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2MG) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay and radioimmunoassay, respectively. Sputum beta 2MG levels in patients with primary lung cancer are significantly higher than in those with benign lung disease or metastatic lung cancer. Sputum CEA levels in patients with primary lung cancer are significantly higher than those in patients with benign lung disease. These results suggest that sputum beta 2MG and CEA may be useful in the diagnosis of primary lung cancer.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1984

Immunosuppressive activity of sera from gastric cancer patients.

Sera from 60 gastric cancer patients and 20 patients with benign gastric diseases and 8 healthy controls were tested for inhibitory effects on the humoral response to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) by the plaque forming cell assay (PFC R.I.) using mouse spleen cells and on the phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced blastogenesis of normal mouse spleen cells (PHA S.R.). Gastric cancer patient sera showed a significantly lower PFC R.I. than did sera from benign gastric disease patients and from the healthy controls. However, there was no appreciable interstage difference in the degree of depression. The PHA-induced blastogenesis of normal spleen cells was also decreased in the presence of sera from cancer patients, as compared to that in the presence of sera from benign disease patients and from the healthy controls. The depression progressed with advancing stage of cancer. The PHA S.R. showed significant negative correlations with serum levels of IAP, IS, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein and alpha 1-antitrypsin, but there were no such correlations between PFC R.I. and these glycoproteins in serum. There was also no correlation between the values of the PHA S.R. and the PFC R.I. These results suggest that these two assays may depict immunosuppressive activities operating through entirely different mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Immunohistological study on malignant fibrous histiocytoma.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) shows a mixed proliferation of both fibroblastic and histiocytic cells. Because of their complex morphologic appearances, the nature of truly neoplastic cells in MFH has been controversial. In the present study, immunoperoxidase method (PAP method) was used to examine the intracytoplasmic lysozyme (LY), alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT), fibronectin (FN), and polyvalent immunoglobulin (PI) in the fibroblastic and histiocytic cells. Twenty-three cases with MFH were histologically divided into three groups; predominantly fibroblastic type (Group I; 5 cases), mixed fibroblastic and histiocytic type (Group II; 15 cases), and almost pure histiocytic type (Group III; 3 cases). Fibroblastic cells showed a strong positive reaction for LY and A1AT, suggesting the histiocytic nature, while the proliferating cells in Group II were more intensely stained by each of the antibodies than in Groups I and III. Enzyme histochemical examinations on fresh materials were available in 3 cases. These findings suggest that proliferating cells in MFH possess a histiocyte nature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Immunopharmacologic profiles of a thiol protease inhibitor, L-trans-dicyclohexyl epoxysuccinate.

Ep-1, L-trans-Dicyclohexyl epoxysuccinate, is a synthetic and specific inhibitor of thiol proteases. The effects of this inhibitor on some immunological parameters were examined in normal and immunity-impaired mice and rats. In the cultures of splenocytes obtained from the mice treated with Ep-1, it enhanced the lymphocyte blast transformation induced by both suboptimal and optimal concentrations of concanavalin A (Con A) and Lens culinaris (LC). The in vivo administration of Ep-1 caused a depression of the plaque forming cells (PFC) for sheep red blood cell (SRBC) and enhanced the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) for bovine serum albumin (BSA) as well as mixed lymphocytes cultures (MLC). Furthermore, Ep-1 demonstrated a preventive effect on adjuvant arthritic rats. The relevance of immunological regulation and the mode of action of Ep-1 as a thiol protease inhibitor are discussed in these findings.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1984

Distribution of intra- and extraocular pain induced by argon laser photocoagulation.

We examined the characteristics of ocular pain induced by green argon laser photocoagulation in 13 eyes of ten patients. The patients had retinal detachment or proliferative diabetic retinopathy treated surgically by a 360 degree buckling procedure or vitrectomy with an encircling band on the equator before the laser treatment. All patients complained of ocular pain in various degrees during coagulation on and anterior to the buckle. We confirmed that this kind of ocular pain was asymmetrically distributed; it was dense in the superotemporal quadrant, sparse in the inferonasal quadrant, and intermediate in the remaining two. Seven patients (eight eyes) complained not only of ocular pain, but also of extraocular pain in the ipsilateral upper lid, forehead, and parietal and temporal areas of the head. Both kinds of pain diminished by retrobulbar anesthesia, or by the time interval following surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Preinjection with sodium fluorescein aids discrimination in vitreous surgery.

To discriminate formed and opacified vitreous from lacunae and irrigating solution during closed vitrectomy, sodium fluorescein solution was injected intravenously 18 to 20 hours prior to the operation. Vitreous gel became yellowish-green and helped in the resection of opacified vitreous, especially when ultraviolet light was used. The higher the total amount of fluorescein in the vitreous of patients with impaired blood-retinal barriers, the stronger the vitreous gel was stained. Neurosensory retina and hard proliferative vitreous membrane, however, did not stain well. This method can be useful to the beginning vitreous surgeon and in teaching surgical procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Chorioretinitis sclopetaria caused by fishing line sinker.

A case of chorioretinitis sclopetaria caused by a grazing injury from a fishing line sinker was reported. A man was struck in his left orbit by the sinker, and immediately lost visual acuity. The sinker was removed, but funduscopy showed the typical appearance of chorioretinitis sclopetaria six months later. On fluorescein angiography, mottled background fluorescence appeared in a star-shaped scar. Fluorescein angiography, computed tomography, and roentgenography indicated that direct damage to the ciliary vessels was present.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Sympathetic ophthalmia: induced by vitrectomy not by trauma.

A case of sympathetic ophthalmia that occurred after corneoscleral laceration due to blunt trauma and after vitrectomy was encountered, and the patient was treated without enucleation of the exciting eye; this is the sixteenth case of sympathetic ophthalmia reported to occur after vitrectomy. In the reported cases including the present one, the intervals between the primary trauma or primary intraocular surgery and secondary vitrectomy and the onset of sympathetic ophthalmia were compared with those in patients who suffered from this disease without vitrectomy. The statistical analysis by the probit method revealed that the onset of sympathetic ophthalmia was critically influenced by the secondarily delivered operation, ie, vitrectomy (P less than 0.05).

Aged↗