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Biomedical subjects

M Takeda

Publications and source records attributed to M Takeda.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

High glucose stimulates hyaluronan production by renal interstitial fibroblasts through the protein kinase C and transforming growth factor-beta cascade.

Deposition of hyaluronan has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic glomerulosclerosis. We hypothesized the involvement of hyaluronan in diabetic tubulointerstitial fibrosis. We investigated high-glucose effect on hyaluronan production by rat renal interstitial fibroblasts (normal rat kidney [NRK] cells) and examined the role of hyaluronan in NRK cell proliferation. The involvement of protein kinase C (PKC) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in this response was also examined. After 24 hours of incubation in medium containing 25.6 mmol/L glucose, production of hyaluronan by NRK cells was significantly increased compared with medium containing 5.6 mmol/L glucose (P <.01). L-glucose and mannitol had no effect on hyaluronan production. High glucose enhanced basal in situ PKC activity (P <.01), and both an activator of PKC (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate; [PMA]) and TGF-beta 1 were able to increase hyaluronan production by NRK cells (P <.01). The effect of high glucose on hyaluronan production was diminished by coincubating cells with PKC inhibitors (staurosporine [Stp] or calphostin C [CpC]) or with an anti-TGF-beta neutralizing antibody. Stimulation of hyaluronan production by PMA was also normalized by anti TGFbeta neutralizing antibody, but the effect of TGF-beta1 was not affected by inhibition of PKC. Finally, incubating quiescent NRK cells with 50 or 100 ng/mL hyaluronan for 24 hours significantly increased NRK cell number (P <.01). In conclusion, high glucose stimulates hyaluronan production through the PKC/TGF-beta cascade. Increased hyaluronan promotes NRK cell proliferation. These results suggest that hyaluronan may play a role in the pathogenesis of interstitial fibrosis in diabetic kidney disease.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Nitric oxide participates in cataract development in selenite-treated rats.

PURPOSE: The role of nitric oxide in the development of selenite-induced cataracts in rats was examined using nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors. METHODS: Subcutaneous injection of sodium selenite was used to induce cataracts in rats, with or without pretreatment with NOS inhibitors. The anterior eye segment analysis system (EAS-1000, Nidek) was used to measure lens opacity. The glutathione content of the lenses was determined by an HPLC method and the Ca2+ content by atomic absorption spectrometry. Nitrite, a stable metabolite of nitric oxide, was determined fluorometrically. NADPH-diaphorase activity staining and Western blot analysis were used to determine NOS levels. RESULTS: Administration of the NOS inhibitor, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), inhibited lens opacification in selenite-treated rats. NG-nitro-d-arginine methyl ester, an inactive enantiomer of l-NAME, had no effect. Aminoguanidine, another NOS inhibitor, also inhibited the development of cataracts in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, L-arginine, a substrate of NOS, accelerated the development of cataracts. Although the opacification of the lenses was apparent approximately 3 days after selenite injection, the nitrite level was increased within one day. In addition, NOS was induced in the eye within one day of selenite injection. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated that NOS inhibitors prevented the development of cataracts in selenite-treated rats. The results also suggest that nitric oxide had an important role in the development of selenite-induced cataracts.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Expression of plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase in lenses from normal and hereditary cataract UPL rats.

PURPOSE: The regulation of calcium concentration in lens cells is important in the mechanisms of cataractogenesis. The Ca( 2+) level in cells is controlled by plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase (PMCA). PMCA has several isoforms that are distributed in various cell types in the body. In this study, we investigated the PMCA mRNA expression in normal lenses and in lenses from rats with newly developed hereditary cataracts. METHODS: The rats used were the UPL strain of Sprague-Dawley rats, with (UPL) and without (normal) the dominant gene for cataracts. PMCA mRNA expression in the lens, brain, liver and kidney in the normal and UPL rats was detected by reverse transcription-PCR using isoform specific primers. Partial cDNA sequences of the lens PMCA were also determined. RESULTS: PMCA1, 2, 3 and 4 were expressed in the brain and kidney. Distinct from the brain, liver and kidney, only one isoform of PMCA, PMCA1b, was expressed in both normal and UPL rat lenses. Sequences of PMCA in normal and UPL rat lenses were not different. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated that PMCA1b is the only form of PMCA present in both normal and UPL rat lenses.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase induces intestinal mucosal damage and increases mortality in rats treated by FK506.

INTRODUCTION: Despite the beneficial immunosuppressive effects of FK506 during small intestine transplantation, FK506 appears to have direct toxic effects on the intestine. The mechanisms of FK506-induced intestinal damage is unclear, and whether nitric oxide (NO) is involved in the mechanism has not been well defined. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of NG-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of NO synthase, on small intestinal damage in rats treated with FK506. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Wistar rats weighing 240-260 g, aged 11 weeks, were administered FK506 (5 mg/kg/day i.m) and/or L-NAME (5 mg/dl in drinking water) for 10 days. Body weight gain, diarrhoea and mortality were observed during experiment. At the end of experiment, the intestinal specimens were excised for histological evaluation. In addition, the effects of L-aginine treatment (1 g/dl in drinking water) were evaluated in this study. RESULTS: L-NAME administration time-dependently induced diarrhoea and high mortality in the rats treated with FK506. At the end of 10 days treatment, 7 of 12 rats (58.3%) suffered from diarrhoea and 5 of 12 rats (41.7%) died in the FK506 + L-NAME group (vs. FK506 group, p = 0.05). A significant loss of body weight was also found in the rats treated with FK506 + L-NAME (-52.2 +/- 28.8 g, in FK506 + L-NAME group vs. -14.3 +/- 8.7 g in FK506 group, p = 0.001). In parallel with the severe diarrhoea and high mortality, the loss of villi, hemorrhage and necrosis (grade 5 of pathological damage) was seen in the small intestinal mucosa of rats treated with FK506 + L-NAME. L-arginine treatment in part prevented diarrhoea, mortality and pathological damage of small intestinal mucosa induced by L-NAME. CONCLUSIONS: Inhibition of NOS induces intestinal mucosal damage and increases mortality in rats treated with FK506. L-arginine treatment can in part prevent the injury induced L-NAME. The present study suggests that NO, as an important protective factor, may be involved in the FK506-induced intestinal damage.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2001

Effects of nitric oxide synthesis inhibition on FK506-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

This study was designed to evaluate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in FK506-induced nephrotoxicity by administering an inhibitor of NO synthesis, N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) to rats treated with FK506. After one week of treatment with FK506 (3.2 mg/kg/day, intramuscularly) and/or L-NAME (5 mg/100 mL of L-NAME in the drinking water), the arterial pressure, urinary NOx, and parameters for renal function were measured, and histological analysis of the kidney was made. In the L-NAME without FK506 group, L-NAME administration effectively inhibited urinary NOx excretion and increased mean arterial pressure (MAP) without any change in renal function. In the FK506 without L-NAME group, FK506 treatment showed increase in urinary NOx excretion and mild renal dysfunction. In the FK506 with L-NAME group, urinary NOx excretion was decreased by L-NAME administration and renal function was significantly worsened than FK506 without L-NAME group. The plasma creatinine, BUN and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase increased 2-, 3-, and 3-fold, respectively and the creatinine clearance was reduced by 50% as compared with that in the FK506 without L-NAME group. Histological analysis revealed severe interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy in the FK506 + L-NAME treatment group. Thus, results suggest that NO synthesis is enhanced in the kidney during FK506-induced nephrotoxicity and that NO synthesis inhibition aggravates FK506-induced nephrotoxicity. NO may play a protective role attributable to the balance of vasoactive substances in FK506-induced nephrotoxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Nonselective endothelin receptor antagonist initiated soon after the onset of myocardial infarction may deteriorate 24-hour survival.

To investigate the effects of endothelin blockade initiated immediately after the onset of myocardial infarction on survival and left ventricular remodeling, treatment with the nonselective receptor antagonist TAK-044 (n = 22) or saline (n = 19) for 3 weeks was initiated immediately after coronary ligation in rats. The 24-h survival rate was significantly lower in the TAK-044 group than in the saline group. The systolic blood pressure 24 h after the onset of myocardial infarction was similar in the saline and TAK-044 groups, although it was significantly lower in the TAK-044 group during the 3-week protocol. Heart weight/tibial length was significantly increased in the TAK-044 group compared with the saline group. As all deaths in the TAK-044 group occurred within 24 h after myocardial infarction, we performed additional experiments using a separate group of rats 12-16 h after myocardial infarction. Plasma and myocardial endothelin-1 levels were significantly increased, and a bolus injection of TAK-044 significantly reduced left ventricular dP/dtmax in these rats that had had a myocardial infarction compared with sham-operated rats. Endothelin receptor blockade initiated immediately after the onset of myocardial infarction may deteriorate acute-phase survival and left ventricular remodeling. Inhibition of the positive inotropic action of endothlin-1 may partially explain the increased 24-h mortality.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Dynamic observation of selective accumulation of a photosensitizer and its photodynamic effects in rat experimental choroidal neovascularization.

PURPOSE: The authors investigated the selective accumulation of a photosensitizer, ATX-S10(Na), in experimental choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in rats using a highly sensitive colorchromatic charge coupled device (CCD) camera. METHODS: To detect the development of experimental CNV in 30 rats, the animals were followed weekly with simultaneous fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography. After injecting ATX-S10(Na), the authors detected fluorescence from the photosensitizer using a highly sensitive color CCD camera. The camera was connected to a surgical microscope, under which rat fundi were observed through a coverglass in contact with the cornea. The retinas were excited with 405-435 nm light, and the light emitted from the photosensitizer passed through a 680-nm bandpass filter before being detected by the CCD camera. RESULTS: Immediately after injection, fluorescence appeared in the retinal vessels and then the entire retina. Thirty minutes postinjection, the intensity of the fluorescence was still strong from the whole retina, and the CNV was not detected. One hour after injection, retinal fluorescence was weak but still observable; 1.5 hours postinjection, retinal fluorescence was undetectable but fluorescence was strong from the CNV. Under the optimum therapeutic conditions, CNV was effectively occluded. CONCLUSION: ATX-S10(Na) selectively accumulates in the CNV in rats. The optimum therapeutic timing is approximately 1.5 hours postinjection of the dye in this CNV model.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Menadione-catalyzed luminol chemiluminescent assay for the viability of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922.

Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 produced O2- in the presence of menadione, and O2- -dependent luminol chemiluminescence intensity was proportional to colony-forming unit (CFU) in the exponential phase. CFU was determined by using a 96-well plate at a range of 3 X 10(3) to 8 x 10(7) CFU /well (0.1 ml) after a 10-min incubation with menadione, followed by chemiluminescent assay for 5 s. After a 4-hr incubation of E. coli (10(5) CFU/0.1 ml) with menadione and an antimicrobial agent inhibiting the synthesis of peptidoglycan, protein, and DNA, the inhibitory concentration (IC) of the antimicrobial agent determined by menadione-catalyzed luminol chemiluminescent assay was in good agreement with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the NCCLS (National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standard) method requiring 18 hr. Menadione-catalyzed luminol chemiluminescent assay is expected to be useful for the rapid determination of cell viability under the conditions of various cell growths and stresses.

Amikacin↗
PubMed2001

Conflict of intentions due to callosal disconnection.

OBJECTIVES: Three patients with callosal syndrome manifested a peculiar symptom in that they were unable to perform intended whole body actions because another intention emerged in competition with the original one. Attempts were made to clarify the symptomatology of this manifestation and its possible mechanism is discussed. METHODS: The three patients are described and previous reports on patients with callosal damage were reviewed. Four additional patients with similar symptoms were found and the clinical features common to all seven patients were examined. RESULTS: This symptom could not be attributed to unilateral movement disorders such as unilateral apraxia, intermanual conflict, or compulsive manipulation of tools. The manifestations included marked hesitation in initiating actions, interruption of actions, repetitive actions, and performance of unintended actions with difficulty in correcting them. All patients, except one, had a lesion in the posterior half of the body of the corpus callosum, and there was no significant involvement of the cerebral cortex. The symptom became manifest later than 4 weeks after callosal damage. It occurred during spontaneous actions, but not during well automated actions nor when following instructions. CONCLUSION: This symptom, tentatively named "conflict of intentions", can be regarded as a fragment of diagonistic dyspraxia originally described by Akelaitis, although it can occur independently of intermanual conflict. Normally, the right and left cerebral hemispheres may be complementarily modifying automated whole body actions in order to adapt behaviour to changes of the environment as well as to the intention. Partial callosal disconnection without significant cortical involvement would exaggerate the disparity between the role of each hemisphere through the reorganisation of neural systems after callosal damage. Such double, often contrary, behavioural tendencies may sometimes simultaneously enter the patient's awareness.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Gastric emptying in diabetic gastroparetic dogs: ffects of SK-951,a novel prokinetic agent.

We examined whether delayed gastric emptying could be produced by diabetes in dogs. Diabetes was produced by a single injection of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg i.v.), and diabetic hyperglycemia was observed from 2 to 15 months after injection. The plasma acetaminophen concentration, which is an indirect indicator of the gastric emptying rate, was delayed in 2 of 5 diabetic dogs from 15 months after the induction of diabetes. The effects of SK-951, a benzofuran derivative, on delayed gastric emptying were also examined in diabetic gastroparetic dogs in comparison with those of cisapride. SK-951 (1 mg/kg i.v.) significantly enhanced delayed gastric emptying in diabetic dogs, but cisapride (1 mg/kg i.v.) had no effect. In addition, SK-951 increased the plasma glucose levels in a manner correlated with its effect on gastric emptying. The present study suggested that SK-951 may be useful in the treatment of diabetic gastroparesis.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed2001

Gastroprokinetic effect and mechanism of SK-896, a new motilin analogue, during the interdigestive period in conscious dogs.

SK-896 [(Leu(13))motilin-Hse] is a new human motilin analogue synthesized from Escherichia coli using a biotechnological method. We investigated the gastrointestinal motor-stimulating effect of SK-896 and the mechanism of this effect using implanted force transducers in conscious dogs. Infusion of SK-896 during phase I in the interdigestive state induced interdigestive migrating contractions like motility in the gastroduodenum. The motility index (MI(0-20)) of gastric antrum motor activity induced by SK-896 was increased dose dependently (r = 0.830, p < 0.001), and the MI(0-20) induced by SK-896 at a dose of 0.25 microg/kg/h for 20 min was the same as that for spontaneous phase III contractions. The SK-896-induced MI(0-20) was significantly decreased by atropine, hexamethonium, dopamine, granisetron, and yohimbine. Conversely, ketanserin, phentolamine, timolol, and naloxone did not have significant effects on SK-896-induced MI(0-20). The effects of these drugs on human motilin (0.25 microg/ kg/h for 20 min) induced MI(0-20) were the same as those of SK-896. These results indicate that SK-896 induces gastrointestinal motility during the interdigestive period in dogs with regulation of acetylcholine release from the cholinergic nerve terminal via the parasympathetic nervous system in the same fashion as human motilin.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Spiral CT venography of the lower extremities by injection via an arm vein in patients with leg swelling.

The purpose of this prospective study was to assess the role of spiral CT venography (CTV) via an arm vein injection in the detection of causes of leg swelling. 42 consecutive patients with leg swelling were studied with indirect spiral CTV and ultrasound (US). CT parameters were as follows: 5 mm beam collimation; 7-10 mm s(-1) table speed; and 2-3 mm reconstruction. Two consecutive spiral scans with a 40 s exposure time were performed from the pelvis to the knee. One bolus of 150 ml non-ionic contrast medium was injected at a rate of 3 ml s(-1) by a power injector via an arm vein. The delay times to the first and second scans were 120 s and 180 s, respectively. Spiral CTV demonstrated not only deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (n=12) but also other abnormalities (n=25). US showed DVT (n=10) and some other abnormalities (n=5). The sensitivity and specificity of spiral CTV for femoropopliteal DVT, as compared with US, were both 100%. Two cases of DVT in the left common-external iliac vein (iliac vein compression syndrome) detected by spiral CTV were not confirmed by US. We were able to evaluate DVT above the knee with this method. Indirect spiral CTV showed promise for the diagnosis of DVT and other soft tissue diseases in patients with leg swelling.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Intravesicular Fas localization in epithelial cells of castrated rat prostate glands.

Androgenic steroids regulate the development and size of mammalian prostate epithelial cells. To evaluate the relationship between Fas-Fas ligand system and apoptosis in prostate epithelial cells of the castrated rats, we have examined immunocytochemical localization of Fas antigen in the castrated rat prostate glands at a series of different times. We used a rabbit polyclonal anti-Fas antibody with a streptavidin-biotin method and confocal laser scanning method or an immunogold method. Fas immunolocalization was examined in ventral lobes of prostate glands taken from intact or castrated adult male Wistar rats on day 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 by light or electron microscopy. At a light microscopic level, the castrated prostate epithelial cells showed mostly Fas immunolocalization in their apical parts of cytoplasm on day 2 after the castration. In addition, their extent of the Fas expression was expanded throughout the cytoplasm in proportion to the androgen ablation periods, and later the Fas expression was detected at luminar or basolateral sides of the epithelial cells. Both immunogold labeling with ultrathin sections and immunoperoxidase technique with cryostat sections demonstrated that Fas was localized mainly in secretory granules of the castrated prostate epithelial cells and some parts of their cell membranes at later stages. Our immunocytochemical findings showed that Fas expression was time-dependently induced in most of the prostatic epithelial cells after castration of rats. The rate of Fas-expressing epithelial cells was too high and inconsistent with the previously reported rate of TUNEL-positive ones. The membrane-associated Fas may have little effect on the apoptosis in the present case, bacause a lot of soluble Fas was secreted from the prostatic epithelial cells. A further study is needed to clarify some significance of the secretory Fas in the prostatic epithelium after the rat castration.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Morphological characteristics of Schwann cells in the islets of Langerhans of the murine pancreas.

The present study demonstrated the three-dimensional architecture of peri-insular nerve plexuses in the murine pancreas by the combined use of light microscopy of S-100 immunostained sections, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of thin sections, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of KOH digested tissues. By light microscopy of thin sections immunostained with anti-S-100 antibody, Schwann cells were often found on the margin of the islets as if delimiting the islet and exocrine parenchyma. In thick sections, Schwann cells of the islet connected their thin and slender processes with each other to form a delicate network on the surface of the islet. By TEM, Schwann cells were observed as an attenuated sheet that invested the surface of the islet. Axon terminals were usually found on the outer surface of these membranous Schwann cells. SEM of KOH digested tissues revealed that nerves reaching the islet spread on the insular surface. Schwann cells in this portion extended their thin membranous processes, which directly covered the basal part of several endocrine cells as a whole. Numerous axons with varicosities were usually found on the surface of these membranous Schwann cells, but sometimes crept beneath them. These findings indicate that "the interstitial cells" described by light microscopists are peculiar-shaped Schwann cells present in the islets. The functional significance of the rich innervation of the islets is also briefly discussed in the present study.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Corneal advanced glycation end products increase in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate corneal advanced glycation end product (AGE) fluorescence in patients with diabetes and in healthy control subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Corneal autofluorescence was measured in 26 eyes of 26 patients with type 2 diabetes (mean age 57.0 years; mean disease duration 12.2 years; mean HbA1c 7.1%) and 13 eyes of 13 healthy age-matched control subjects (mean age 57.9 years). The patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into the following groups: patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR), patients without proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and patients with PDR. Corneal autofluorescence was measured by fluorophotometry with the wavelength that is characteristic of AGE fluorescence (excitation and emission 360-370 nm and 430-450 nm, respectively). We defined peak corneal autofluorescence levels as corneal AGE fluorescence values. We compared the corneal AGE fluorescence values in the four groups. RESULTS: In the PDR group (11.9 +/- 3.9 arbitrary units [mean +/- SD]), the corneal AGE fluorescence values were significantly higher compared with the control subjects (6.9 +/- 1.3 arbitrary units), the patients without DR (7.4 +/- 2.1 arbitrary units), and the patients without PDR (6.9 +/- 2.2 arbitrary units) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We found that corneal AGEs may increase in patients with diabetes and PDR compared with control subjects, patients without DR, and patients without PDR. In the patients with PDR, increased corneal AGEs may play a role in diabetic keratopathy.

Cornea↗
PubMed2001

Structural determination of subsidiary colors in commercial Food Green No. 3 (fast green FCF, FD & C Green No. 3).

HPLC analysis revealed that eight subsidiary colors existed in commercial Food Green No. 3 (fast green FCF, FD & C Green No. 3). Among them, four subsidiary colors C, F, G, and H were isolated by using preparative HPLC and their structures were determined by MS and NMR. They were the disodium salt of 2-[[4-[N-ethyl-N-(3- sulfophenylmethyl)amino]phenyl][4-[N-ethyl-N-(4- sulfophenylmethyl)amino]phenyl]methylio]-4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid (abbreviated as m,p-G-3), the sodium salt of 2-[[(4-N-ethylamino)phenyl][4-[N-ethyl-N-(3- sulfophenylmethyl)amino]-phenyl]methylio]-4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid [abbreviated as HSBA-(EA) (m-EBASA)], the sodium salt of 2-[[(4-N-diethylamino)phenyl][4-[N-ethyl-N-(3- sulfophenylmethyl)amino]phenyl]-methylio]-4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid [abbreviated as HSBA-(di-EA) (m-EBASA)], and the sodium salt of 2-[[4-[N-ethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)amino]phenyl][4-[N-ethyl-N-(3- sulfophenylmethyl)-amino]phenyl]methylio]-4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid [abbreviated as HSBA-(EBA)(m-EBASA)], respectively. HSBA-(di-EA) (m-EBASA) was a subsidiary color newly found in commercial Food Green No. 3.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed2001

The elevation of natural killer cell activity induced by laughter in a crossover designed study.

The elevation of natural killer cell activity (NKCA) by laughter was not confirmed due to incomplete methodology of previous studies although positive emotion is believed to be favorable for health. To verify NKCA elevation by laughter in a crossover design, we measured NKCA before and after watching films, presenting 75-min comic film and non-emotional control film at different days to the same 21 healthy male subjects. Electromyogram of left major zygomatic muscle was obtained during the films to quantify the magnitude of laughter as an index of emotional expression. As indices of emotional experience, the self-rated pleasantness of the comic film and mood state before and after film were measured using visual analogue scale and Profiles of Mood State (POMS), respectively. The comic film significantly elevated NKCA (26.5-29.4%, p<0.05), whereas the control film did not (27.1-24.8%, not significant). This is the first study to demonstrate NKCA elevation by laughter in a crossover designed study. To examine the contribution of experiential and expressive aspects of laughter to NKCA elevation, correlation of NKCA elevation with the self-rated pleasantness, mood scores before and after comic film and the magnitude of laughter was statistically tested. We found that NKCA elevation was negatively correlated with the scores of negative mood scales of POMS while NKCA elevation had no significant correlation with self-rated pleasantness and the magnitude of laughter. Further group analysis revealed that high scores of depression and anger-hostility suppressed NKCA elevation by laughter. We also found that NKCA before and after comic film had tendency of correlation with self-rated pleasantness of the comic film while NKCA had no correlation with the magnitude of laughter. These findings suggest that NKCA elevation and NKCA before and after comic film seem to be related with the experiential aspects of laughter rather than with the expressive aspects.

Adolescent↗