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Biomedical subjects

M Takeda

Publications and source records attributed to M Takeda.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Correlation of upper and lower urinary tract function in patients with neurogenic bladder: evaluation using simultaneous measurement of cystometry and diuresis renography with full and empty bladder.

Diuresis renography and water filling cystometry were simultaneously performed with the bladder full and with the bladder empty. The findings of diuresis renography with a full bladder were compared with those of diuresis renography with an empty bladder, in 9 patients (4 male and 5 female, mean 24.4 years old) with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. According to O'Reilly's classification, the findings of diuresis renography with a full bladder were significantly worse than those of diuresis renography with an empty bladder, regardless of cystometry patterns and bladder compliance. These results suggest that in patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction, a full bladder in itself can cause deterioration of the upper urinary tracts, regardless of bladder pressure and bladder compliance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

ATP1 and ATP2, the F1F0-ATPase alpha and beta subunit genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are respectively located on chromosomes II and X.

Southern blot analysis showed that ATP1 and ATP2 map on chromosomes II and X, respectively. Physical mapping of ATP1 and ATP2 by chromosome fragmentation showed that ATP1 is at the left end of chromosome II and ATP2 is at the right end of chromosome X. Both are located close to telomere sequences of each chromosome; ATP1 and ATP2 being approximately 30 kb and 85 kb from the respective telomeres.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1994

Pressure- and parathyroid-hormone-dependent Ca2+ transport in rabbit connecting tubule: role of the stretch-activated nonselective cation channel.

To characterize the Ca2+ transport process across the apical membrane of the rabbit connecting tubule (CNT), we examined the effects of luminal pressure on parathyroid hormone (PTH)-dependent apical Ca2+ transport in this segment perfused in vitro. An increase of perfusion pressure (0.2 to 1.2 KPa) caused cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) to increase by 42 +/- 11 nM in Fura-2 loaded perfused CNT. The response was accentuated when 10 nM PTH was added to the bath (101 +/- 30 nM, n = 6). Addition of 0.1 mM chlorphenylthio-cAMP (CPT-cAMP) to the bath also augmented the [Ca2+]i response to pressure from 36 +/- 16 to 84 +/- 26 nM (n = 3). Under steady perfusion pressure at 1.2 KPa, PTH (10 nM) increased [Ca2+]i by 31 +/- 7 nM (n = 5), whereas it did only slightly by 6 +/- 2 nM (n = 12) at 0.2 KPa. The pressure-dependent increase of [Ca2+]i was abolished by removing luminal Ca2+ (n = 3), and was not affected by 0.1 and 10 microM nicardipine (n = 4) in the presence of 10 nM PTH. Cell-attached patch clamp studies on the apical membrane of everted CNT with pipettes filled with either 200 mM CaCl2 or 140 mM NaCl revealed channel activities with conductances of 42 +/- 2 pS (n = 4) or 173 +/- 7 pS (n = 5), respectively. An application of negative pressure (-4.9 KPa) to the patch pipette augmented its mean number of open channels (NPo) from 0.005 +/- 0.001 to 0.022 +/- 0.005 in the Ca(2+)-filled pipette, and was further accelerated to 0.085 +/- 0.014 (n = 3) by 0.1 mM CPT-cAMP. In the Na(+)-filled pipette, similar results were obtained (n = 3), and CPT-cAMP did not activate the stretch-activated channel in the absence of negative pressure (n = 3). These results suggest that a stretch-activated nonselective cation channel exists in the apical membrane of the CNT and that it is activated by PTH in the presence of hydrostatic pressure, allowing entry of Ca2+ transport from the apical membrane.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Involvement of clathrin light chains in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease.

Clathrin, which constitutes coated vesicles, plays important roles in neuronal functions. In the brains of the patients with Alzheimer's disease, distribution of clathrin was immunohistochemically investigated using four monoclonal antibodies against clathrin light chains, LCB.1, LCB.2, X-16 and CON.1, to study the involvement of clathrin in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. LCB.1, LCB.2, X-16, and CON.1 bind to the aminoterminus of the clathrin light chain b(LCb), to the neuron-specific insert of LCb, to the light chain a(LCa), and to LCa and LCb, respectively. In Alzheimer brains, granular staining of LCB.2 around neurons in the hippocampus was weaker or patchily defected in comparison with control brains. Some neurofibrillary tangles and neurons were intensely stained in Alzheimer brains by LCB.2, whereas neurons were weakly stained in control brains. Crowns of some senile plaques in the brains of early onset Alzheimer's disease were positively stained by LCB.2. LCB.1 supported the observations of LCB.2. Reactive astrocytes in Alzheimer brains were intensely stained by X-16. On the other hand, Western blot analysis using LCB.2 and X-16 demonstrated no apparent differences in protein amounts and molecular weights of LCa and LCb between control and Alzheimer brains. These observations demonstrated abnormal distribution of clathrin in Alzheimer brains, implying impairment of axonal transport in this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Oral malignant melanoma in Japan.

Clinical examination was performed on 20 cases of malignant melanoma in the oral region encountered at the First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, during the 22-year period from 1970 to 1991. In addition, we reviewed 140 cases reported in the Japanese literature since the last major review in 1974. The results of our study revealed that the clinical course of malignant melanoma in the oral region is worse than oral squamous cell carcinoma and that treatment by radiotherapy is effective in prolonging the life of these patients. Clinically, the tumors were classified into five types: (1) pigmented nodular type; (2) nonpigmented nodular type; (3) pigmented macular type; (4) pigmented mixed type; and (5) nonpigmented mixed type. We suggest that oral malignant melanoma might be different from cutaneous malignant melanoma and that new criteria for diagnosis and therapy for oral disease should be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Does gadolinium-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid enhanced MRI of kidney represent tissue concentration of contrast media in the kidney? In vivo and in vitro study.

Although Gadolinium-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) has been used as a contrast material in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it is known that contrast enhancement effect is not uniform if the concentration of Gd-DTPA increases beyond some levels. In this study, to evaluate the proper pulse sequences for dynamic MRI in the human kidney, the concentration of Gd-DTPA was quantitatively measured by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectrometry in human biological samples after administration of Gd-DTPA. The signal intensity of MRI in the solutions of several concentrations of Gd-DTPA was measured. The results were that in using a low magnetic field apparatus, signal intensity linearly correlated with the concentration of Gd-DTPA between 0 and 2.0 mumol/g under saturation recovery sequences (flip angle = 60 degrees or 90 degrees). Using a high magnetic field apparatus, signal intensity linearly correlated with the concentration of Gd-DTPA between 0 and 2.0 or 3.0 mumol/g under spin-echo or gradient-echo sequences. Gd-DTPA concentration of the renal cortex ranged from 0.132 to 0.152 mumol/g tissue at 5 min after IV injection of Gd-DTPA 0.05 mmol/kg body weight in six patients with adrenal tumor or renal cell cancer, and one patient with both urinary bladder cancer and prostatic cancer. Six of the patients showed normal renal function and the other had renal insufficiency (GFR = 25 ml/min/1.48 m2).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Experience with 17 cases of laparoscopic adrenalectomy: use of ultrasonic aspirator and argon beam coagulator.

Between January 17, 1992 and July 31, 1993, 11 patients with primary aldosteronism, 3 with Cushing's syndrome and 3 with a nonfunctioning adrenal tumor underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy at our university hospital. In every patient adrenal tumor was removed successfully with adjacent normal adrenal tissue. The initial 10 operations were performed without use of an ultrasonic aspirator or argon beam coagulator, and the subsequent 7 procedures were done with those items. There was no difference between the groups in intraoperative blood loss or operative time. However, the tumors in the former group were significantly smaller than those of the latter group (mean 6.70 gm. versus 13.43 gm., respectively, p < 0.05, t test). For right tumors the argon beam coagulator was useful to resect or coagulate the liver, since adrenal tumors were sometimes tightly attached to the liver and upward retraction sometimes caused liver laceration. In obese patients or those with Cushing's syndrome the ultrasonic aspirator was useful to remove retroperitoneal fat surrounding the adrenal tumor without injury to the small vessels. The mean hospital stay for these 17 patients (11.63 days) was significantly shorter than that of 16 patients with corresponding adrenal tumors undergoing open removal during the last 5 years (17.32 days, p < 0.05 t test). In conclusion, laparoscopic adrenalectomy is feasible for the surgical treatment of primary aldosteronism, Cushing's syndrome and nonfunctioning adrenal tumors. The ultrasonic aspirator and argon beam coagulator may be useful for laparoscopic adrenalectomy.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

Changes in urinary excretion of endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity in patients with testicular cancer receiving high-dose cisplatin therapy.

To assess the value of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in estimating renal injury in patients receiving high doses of cisplatin, urinary excretion of ET-1-like immunoreactivity (U-ET-1), beta 2-microglobulin (U-beta 2-MG), and N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) were measured before, 1 week after, and 2 weeks after the administration of cisplatin in eight patients with testicular cancer (mean age, 33.3 years). Levels of U-ET-1/creatinine (Cr) during and 1 week after cisplatin treatment were significantly higher than before cisplatin treatment. There were no differences in U-ET-1/Cr levels during, 1 week after, and 2 weeks after cisplatin treatment. The level of U-beta 2-MG/Cr during cisplatin treatment was significantly higher than levels before, 1 week after, and 2 weeks after treatment. However, there were no differences in U-beta 2-MG/Cr levels before, 1 week after, and 2 weeks after cisplatin treatment. The level of U-NAG/Cr during cisplatin treatment was higher than levels before, 1 week after, and 2 weeks after treatment; U-NAG/Cr during cisplatin treatment was higher than levels before, 1 week after, and 2 weeks after treatment; U-NAG/Cr gradually decreased after cisplatin treatment. Among the three parameters, only U-ET-1/Cr maintained a higher level after cisplatin treatment. The U-beta 2-MG/Cr level returned most rapidly to normal after cisplatin treatment. Although U-ET-1/Cr did not show any significant correlation with U-NAG/Cr (r = 0.282, P = NS), it showed a significant correlation with U-beta 2-MG/Cr (r = 0.454, P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1994

Oxidants induce transcriptional activation of manganese superoxide dismutase in glomerular cells.

Cultured rat glomerular mesangial and epithelial cells and bovine glomerular endothelial cells were exposed to various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Mesangial cells treated with 10 to 100 microM H2O2 for 24 hours showed a two- to ninefold increase in Mn-SOD mRNA expression associated with significantly (P < 0.005) increased Mn-SOD activity (22.2 +/- 1.2 and 12.2 +/- 0.7 mu/mg protein for H2O2 100 microM treated and untreated cells, respectively). In contrast, expression of Cu-Zn SOD and beta-actin mRNA was not affected by H2O2. Induction of Mn-SOD mRNA by H2O2 was inhibited by actinomycin-D (4 microM) treatment. Glomerular endothelial cells also showed an increase in Mn-SOD mRNA expression following 100 microM H2O2 treatment, as did glomerular epithelial cells following treatment with 500 and 1000 microM H2O2 but not with 100 microM. Transcriptional activity of the Mn-SOD gene was assessed with a fusion reporter gene consisting of a luciferase gene (pGL2P) and a 1.2 kb fragment from the rat Mn-SOD genomic DNA (-806 to +408 bp of the transcription initiation site, -806:+408). The construct was transfected into rat glomerular mesangial and epithelial cells. Mesangial and epithelial cells transfected with pGL2P (-806:+408) and treated with H2O2 (100 microM and 1 mM for mesangial and epithelial cells, respectively) demonstrated some threefold increase in luciferase activity, whereas cells transfected with pGL2P lacking the Mn-SOD fragment did not show changes in luciferase activity following H2O2 treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Urinary endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity in young male patients with testicular cancer treated by cis-platinum: comparison with other urinary parameters.

1. Urinary excretion of endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity and urinary excretion of other parameters (beta 2-microglobulin, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and microalbumin) were measured before, within 1 week after and 2 weeks after the administration of cis-platinum in five young male patients with testicular cancer (mean age 33.0 years) and were compared. 2. Urinary endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity/creatinine during, 1 week after, and 2 weeks after cis-platinum treatment was significantly higher than before cis-platinum. There was no difference in urinary endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity/creatinine during, 1 week after and 2 weeks after cis-platinum. 3. Among the four parameters, urinary endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity/creatinine showed the highest level after cis-platinum treatment. Urinary beta 2-microglobulin/creatinine most rapidly returned to normal levels after cis-platinum. 4. Although urinary endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity/creatinine did not show any significant correlations with urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (r = 0.291, not significant) or urinary microalbumin/creatinine (r = 0.076, not significant), it showed a significant correlation with urinary beta 2-microglobulin/creatinine (r = 0.475, P < 0.05). 5. These results suggest that endothelin-1 may be a sensitive urinary parameter in detecting cis-platinum-induced renal tubular injury.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1994

Characterization of thyroid hormone effect on the visual system of the adult rat.

To characterize the effect of thyroid hormone on the central nervous system in adult rats, we recorded evoked potentials by photic (VEP) and electrical stimulation in normal, thyroidectomized (Tx) and T3- or T4-supplemented (Tx-T3, Tx-T4) male adult rats under pentobarbital anesthesia. The latencies of VEPs recorded in the visual cortex (VC) and lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), and the b-waves of the electroretinograms (ERG) of these three groups were compared. A significant prolongation of the latency of VEP by photic stimulation (flash light intensity 2J, 0.2 Hz) in the VC was observed 14 to 28 days after thyroidectomy (27.9 +/- 0.4 vs. 33.4 +/- 0.43 msec, p < 0.01). Similar prolongations were also observed when those of the VEP in the LGN and the b-wave of the ERG were compared to those of normal rats (22.4 +/- 0.37 vs. 27.3 +/- 0.41 msec, p < 0.01; 21.8 +/- 0.21 vs. 25.3 +/- 0.41 msec, p < 0.01, respectively). The prolonged latencies observed in the VC, LGN, and ERG-b-wave were partially normalized 24 hr after T3 supplement (50 micrograms/kg, sc) and fairly restored to normal levels by 48 hr after T4 injection (100 micrograms/kg sc). The VEP latencies in the LGN and VC showed a positive correlation with the b-wave latency of the ERG in these three groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Pharmacological evidence of distinct alpha 1-adrenoceptor subtypes mediating the contraction of human prostatic urethra and peripheral artery.

1. The alpha 1-adrenoceptor subtypes mediating contractions of the smooth muscle in human prostatic urethra and branches of internal iliac artery were characterized in isometric contraction experiments. 2. Phenylephrine produced concentration-dependent contractions in both the urethra and artery. These responses were competitively inhibited by prazosin, WB4101 and 5-methyl-urapidil, and the slopes of Schild plots for all these antagonists were close to unity. 3. The pA2 values for prazosin were not significantly different between the urethra (9.42 +/- 0.11; mean +/- s.d.) and artery (9.50 +/- 0.27), while the pA2 values for WB4101 and 5-methyl-urapidil in the human prostatic urethra (8.94 +/- 0.19 and 8.42 +/- 0.14, respectively) were significantly greater than in the branches of human internal iliac artery (7.94 +/- 0.21 and 7.43 +/- 0.22, respectively; P < 0.01). 4. Pretreatment with chlorethylclonidine (CEC) at concentrations ranging from 0.1 microM to 100 microM attenuated the maximum contraction to phenylephrine in a concentration-dependent manner in both the urethra and artery. However, the urethra was significantly less affected by CEC than the artery. The pD'2 values (negative logarithm of the molar concentration of antagonist which reduced the maximum contraction to one half) in the urethra and artery were 4.35 +/- 0.27 and 5.20 +/- 0.37, respectively (P < 0.01). 5. The present results indicate that there are distinct populations of alpha 1-adrenoceptor subtypes in the human prostatic urethra and branches of the internal iliac artery. The alpha 1-adrenoceptors responsible for the contraction of the human internal iliac artery branches are predominantly alpha 1 B-subtype, whereas those in the human prostatic urethra are considered to be not alpha 1 B, but alpha 1 c or possibly alpha 1 A or alpha 1A/D-subtype.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Glial fibrillary acidic protein: dynamic property and regulation by phosphorylation.

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an intermediate filament (IF) protein of astroglia, and belongs to the type III subclass of IF proteins. IF proteins are composed of an amino-terminal HEAD domain, a central ROD domain and a carboxyterminal TAIL domain. GFAP, with a molecular mass of approximately 50 KDa, has the smallest HEAD domain among type III IF proteins. Despite its insolubility, GFAP is in dynamic equilibrium between assembled filaments and unassembled subunits, as demonstrated using fluorescently labeled GFAP molecules. Like other IF proteins, assembly of GFAP is regulated by phosphorylation-dephosphorylation of the HEAD domain by altering its charge. This regulation of GFAP assembly contributes to extensive remodeling of glial frameworks in mitosis. Another type III IF protein, vimentin, colocalizes with GFAP in immature, reactive or radial glia, thereby indicating that vimentin has an important role in the build up of the glial architecture.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Changes in urinary excretion of endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity before and after unilateral nephrectomy in humans. Comparison with other urinary parameters and unilateral adrenalectomy.

To assess the value of endothelin-1 (ET-1) as a parameter of renal functional overload and the process of hyperfiltration, urinary excretion of ET-1-like immunoreactivity (U-ET-1) and urinary excretion of other parameters [beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), albumin (Alb) and 24-hour creatinine clearance (Ccr24)] were measured before, 1, 2 and 7 days after unilateral nephrectomy in 15 patients with unilateral renal lesions (renal cell cancer, renal pelvic cancer, ureteral cancer and renal tuberculosis) and after unilateral adrenalectomy in 5 patients with adrenal lesions. In the nephrectomy group (NX), Ccr24 significantly decreased at 1 and 2 days after the operation, but the other 4 parameters significantly increased after the operation as compared to preoperative values. In the adrenalectomy group (ADX), neither Ccr24 nor ET-1/Cr showed any change after the operation, but the other 3 parameters (beta 2-MG/Cr, NAG/Cr and Alb/Cr) significantly increased. Comparing the NX and ADX groups, both ET-1/Cr and beta 2-MG/Cr in NX were significantly higher than in ADX after the operation. On the other hand, neither NAG/Cr nor Alb/Cr in NX differed from values in ADX. Comparing ET-1/Cr and other parameters, only beta 2-MG showed a positive significant correlation. These results suggest that U-ET-1 may be an indicator of functional overload of the kidney.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗