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Biomedical subjects

M Takeda

Publications and source records attributed to M Takeda.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Facilitation of acetylcholine release by SK-951, a benzofuran derivative, via the 5-hydroxytryptamine4 receptor in guinea pig stomach.

Facilitation of acetylcholine (ACh) release by SK-951 ((-)4-amino-N-[2-(1-azabicyclo[3.3.0] octan-5-yl)ethyl]-5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-2-methylbenzo[b]furan-7-carboxami de hemifumarate), a benzofuran derivative, via the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)4 receptor in guinea pig stomach was examined by in vitro receptor autoradiography and functional studies. [125I]SB207710 binding was detected in the myenteric plexus of the gastric corpus. High densities of binding sites were observed in the myenteric plexus and a moderate density in the muscle layer. SK-951 inhibited the binding of [125I]SB207710, a specific 5-HT4-receptor ligand, as in the case of SB204070, a specific 5-HT4-receptor antagonist, thus indicating the presence of 5-HT4 receptors in guinea pig stomach. SK-951 as well as 5-HT enhanced the electrically stimulated twitch contractions of gastric corpus strips, which were sensitive to tetrodotoxin and atropine, and enhanced electrically stimulated release of ACh from corporal strips, which was tetrodotoxin-sensitive and Ca2+-dependent. The enhancements of twitch contractions and ACh release by SK-951 were antagonized by GR113808, a selective 5-HT4-receptor antagonist. Thus, SK-951 binds to 5-HT4 receptors of the guinea pig gastric corpus and may accelerate gastric motility due to facilitation of ACh release.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed2000

Acquired anomalous intrapulmonary venous connection secondary to pulmonary venous stenosis.

An unusual case of acquired development of anomalous intrapulmonary venous connection with pulmonary venous stenosis is presented. Appearances on a chest radiograph resembled the "scimitar" sign in a patient with previous surgery for partial anomalous pulmonary venous return. Spiral CT and pulmonary arteriography showed stenosis of the right upper pulmonary vein and an anomalous intrapulmonary venous connection between the right upper pulmonary vein and the right lower pulmonary vein. We consider the slow progression of pulmonary vein stenosis led to anomalous intrapulmonary venous connection as an intrapulmonary collateral.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Biochemical studies of dopaminergic activation by stimuli of corn oil in the oral cavity in mice.

We investigated the effects of corn oil stimuli in the oral cavity on monoaminergic neurones by measuring the amount of monoamines and their metabolites in brains of mice. Intraoral injection of corn oil (0.1 ml) increased dopamine (DA) turnover rate in the cortex 3, 5 and 10 min after injection in mice. A significant increase of DA turnover rate was also observed in midbrain 10 min after the corn oil injection. Turnover rates of noradrenaline (NA) and serotonin (5-HT) were not affected by the corn oil injection in any of the regions or times tested. In the chronic study, DA and 5-HT contents in the left and right cortexes and 5-HT contents in diencephalon in the chronic corn oil-fed group were significantly higher than those in the-control but NA contents were not significantly different between the two groups in all regions. In conclusion, the present results suggested that the stimuli of corn oil in the oral cavity might activate dopaminergic systems in the brain of mice and its chronic stimuli might increase DA contents in the brain. Although 5-HT contents increased in the brains of mice by the chronic corn oil intake, its physiological implication remains to be elucidated.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Generalized algorithm for the unified analysis and simultaneous evaluation of geometrical spin-redirection phase and Pancharatnam phase in a complex interferometric system.

To permit unified analysis and simultaneous evaluation of geometrical spin-redirection phase and Pancharatnam phase, the conventional 2 x 2 Jones matrix calculation is generalized and a new scheme of 3 x 3 matrix calculation is proposed. With the proposed algorithm one can trace the polarization state changes and the geometric phase shifts caused by beam propagation along an arbitrary optical path that involves both reflection and refraction at surfaces with Fresnel shift and birefringence.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2000

Effects of exercise conditioning on vital age in hyperlipidemic women.

We attempted to determine the effectiveness of exercise prescription for women with hyperlipidemia (HL), because some HL women showed no significant improvement in serum lipid and lipoprotein profiles despite the continuation of exercise conditioning. We therefore tested the hypothesis that exercise can be clinically beneficial even when there are no alterations in total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), and/or triglycerides (TG). Twenty-three women with HL (aged 54.3 +/- 7.6 yr) participated in our outpatient-supervised exercise conditioning program for 90 minutes each session, twice a week for 1 year, and also did home-based exercise three days a week. Vital age (VA) is a useful index for assessing functional status, especially the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and is computed from 11 independent variables measured not only when a person is at rest but also during exercise. Although TC and LDLC did not change significantly after the exercise conditioning, TG decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Furthermore, when we computed the corrected VA (VAc) assuming no changes in TC, LDLC, and TG, VAc was found to decrease significantly from 64.0 +/- 9.9 yr to 58.4 +/- 9.0 yr (P < 0.05). In conclusion, these results indicate the effectiveness of exercise conditioning on risk of CHD in HL women, irrespective of alterations in the concentrations of serum lipid and lipoprotein.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Collaborative work to evaluate toxicity on male reproductive organs by repeated dose studies in rats 21). Comparison of the effects of 2- and 4-weeks pyrimethamine treatment in rats.

Pyrimethamine (PYR), clinically used as an antimalarial or antiparasitic agent, is known to exert testicular toxicity in rats on oral administration for 8 weeks. This study was performed to examine whether 2-weeks daily repeated doses of PYR might induce detectable toxicity on the male reproductive organs in rats. PYR was orally administered to Slc:SD male rats at doses of 12.5, 25 or 50 mg/kg for 2 weeks, or 6.25, 12.5 or 25 mg/kg for 4 weeks. No effects were seen in any group on physical examination and body weight measurement. Gross findings in autopsy exhibited no abnormalities in any of the animals. There were no meaningful changes in the weights of reproductive organs, or in the number and activity of sperm in the epididymides. Loss and degenerative changes of pachytene spermatocytes in stages I to III seminiferous tubules were observed in the rats given 50 mg/kg PYR for 2 weeks. From the results obtained, it is concluded that 2-weeks repeated dosing with PYR is sufficient to detect toxicity on male reproductive organs in rats using histopathological examination.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2000

[Autotransplantation of ectopic lingual thyroid--a case report].

A 22 year-old female came to our clinic complaining of a swallowing disturbance and dyspnea. ENT examination revealed a spherical mass at the base of the tongue partially obstructing the airway. Scintigraphy with an iodine isotope confirmed that the mass was an ectopic thyroid. Under general anesthesia, and the mass was carefully dissected together with its the feeding vessels and transplanted into the right submandibular gland was removed the space that had been created. The postoperative course was uneventful. Thyroid function one month after surgery was at the same level as before surgery, and scintigraphy two months after the operation revealed normal uptake in the area of the transplanted thyroid.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Study of free to total prostate specific antigen ratio in the detection of patients with prostate cancer].

BACKGROUND: We investigated the clinical usefulness of free to total serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) ratio (F/T ratio) in order to improve the specificity of total PSA measurement for detecting prostate cancer. METHOD: In this study 129 patients with total PSA level 4-20 ng/ml underwent transrectal ultrasound guided sextant biopsy. Serum samples were assessed for total PSA, free PSA and the F/T ratio calculated. All patients were pathologically diagnosed as benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer. RESULTS: Of 129 patients 21 had prostate carcinoma (PCa) and 108 had benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) from the results of prostate biopsies. The mean of total PSA were not significantly different between men with PCa and with BPH. The mean of free PSA for PCa was significantly lower than that for BPH (p = 0.043). Furthermore, the mean of F/T ratio was significantly different between PCa and BPH group (p = 0.0014). The F/T ratio had a higher specificity than total PSA at all levels of sensitivity in detecting prostate cancers. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for cancer detection at a cut off 0.12 was 90.4%, 51.8% and 58.1%, respectively. Also, free PSA was as useful as F/T ratio for cancer detection when analyzed in receiver operating characteristic curves analysis. When determined the cut off number of free PSA at 0.78 ng/ml, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for cancer detection were 61.9%, 66.7% and 65.9%, respectively. CONCLUSION: This study indicated that the F/T ratio and free PSA could improve the specificity without impairing the sensitivity for detecting PCa in patients with 4-20 ng/ml of total PSA.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Minimal incision cardiac surgery for atrial septal defects].

Minimal incision cardiac surgery for atrial septal defects was performed in 4 consecutive patients. No special devices or new techniques were used to perform this operation. Clamping of the aorta and snaring of the inferior vena cava could be simply omitted from this procedure. A limited(6 to 7 cm) median skin incision was made, followed by a mini-sternotomy from the second intercostal space to right side of the xiphoid process. Through this limited approach, atrial septal defect closure was performed conventionally with a patch under hypothermic circulatory arrest(less than 10 min). The scar was short(5.5 to 7.3 cm) and cosmetically acceptable in all patients. This mini-incisional procedure is a useful option for atrial septal defect closure that can be completed without sophisticated instruments.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Evaluation of F1 + 2/TAT ratios in Japanese patients with antiphospholipid syndrome].

The clinical manifestations of the antiphospholipid syndrome(APS) include arterial and venous thrombosis and a fetal loss, but the pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. To clarify the mechanism of thrombogenic state in APS, we investigated the markers for thrombosis including thrombin-antithrombin complex(TAT) in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies(aPL). Prothrombin fragment 1 + 2(F1 + 2) in patients with APS and in autoimmune disease patients with aPL increased significantly compared with those obtained in autoimmune disease patients without aPL or in control subjects. However, there was not a significant difference in the TAT level of each group, suggesting that the formation of TAT was impeded in APS. To investigate which aPL is responsible for the disturbance of the TAT formation, the ratio of F1 + 2/TAT was calculated. The ratio increased in patients with lupus anticoagulant, especially with prolonged kaolin clotting time, and furthermore the ratio strongly increased in patients with IgG type-anticardiolipin antibodies(aCL). Our results suggest that IgG-aCL is associated with thrombogenic state in APS because free thrombin is present in patients' blood by impeding the formation of TAT by mainly IgG-aCL.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[A case of chromophobe cell renal carcinoma].

We report a case of chromophobe cell renal carcinoma. A 27-year-old male suffered from right flank pain and gross hematuria. Drip infusion pyelography and ultrasonographic examination revealed a right renal mass and it was diagnosed as renal oncocytoma by needle biopsy of the right kidney. He was referred to our hospital for the operation and right radical nephrectomy was performed. The cut surface of the tumor was beige in color. The cytoplasm of the tumor cells stained positively for colloidal iron and showed a negative reaction for Vimentin. From these results, this tumor was given a diagnosis of chromophobe cell renal carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Injury-specific expression of activating transcription factor-3 in retinal ganglion cells and its colocalized expression with phosphorylated c-Jun.

PURPOSE: To ascribe activating transcription factor (ATF)-3 as a specifically induced transcription factor after ON injury and to describe its putative role as a modulator of c-Jun transactivation. METHODS: The adult rat optic nerve was crushed intraorbitally, and expression profiles of ATF-3, ATF-2, and phosphorylated c-Jun (p-c-Jun) were examined by immunohistochemistry and ISH. Western blot analysis for ATF-3 and -2 were also performed. Furthermore, colocalized detection of c-Jun mRNA with ATF-2 or -3 was attempted with a combined method of simultaneous immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. RESULTS: In response to optic nerve injury, substantial expression of ATF-3 as well as that of p-c-Jun was observed in the retinal ganglion cells, whereas no expression of ATF-3 was seen in other noninjured retinal cells. In contrast, ATF-2 was normally expressed abundantly in both retinal ganglion cells and displaced amacrine cells, but expression dropped in retinal ganglion cells after nerve injury. The expression profiles of ATF-2 and -3 after optic nerve injury were confirmed by Western blot analysis. A higher degree of colocalization was observed for ATF-3 and c-Jun than the modest codetection for ATF-2 and c-Jun. CONCLUSIONS: The transcription factor ATF-3 is specifically induced upon optic nerve injury and colocalizes with p-c-Jun in surviving ganglion cells. These findings suggest that both ATF-3 and c-Jun are crucial to trigger various transcriptional responses and may act synergistically during the survival phase of the optic nerve in the injury model.

Activating Transcription Factor 2↗
PubMed2000

[One case of Harada disease complicated by acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy-like recurrence in both eyes].

BACKGROUND: We encountered a patient who developed serous retinal detachment in one eye first, subsequently showed multiple small subretinal punctuated opacity looking like acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) in both eyes, and had repeated recurrence. CASE: A 28-year-old female presented with serous retinal detachment accompanied by multifocal small subretinal white punctuated opacity at the posterior pole of the fundus in the left eye. Fluorescein angiography (FAG) revealed many small punctuated hypofluorescent lesions scattered all over the eye in the early stage and multiple subretinal spotty leakage of fluorescein, subretinal accumulation of dye, and leakage of fluorescein from the optic disc in the late stage. Indocyanine green angiography (ICG) revealed small punctuated hypofluorescent lesions from the early to late stage in both eyes. The disease recurred five and a half months after, and there appeared many yellowish white round opaque parts and serous retinal detachment at the posterior pole in both eyes. FAG showed a reversal phenomenon of fluorescein in both eyes. On ICG many small punctuated hypofluorescent lesions were noted and in the late stage insular faint hypofluorescence consistent with serous retinal detachment, light tissue stain and fluorescent leakage in the center of the hypofluorescent lesion were also found. The disease recurred three times thereafter. At present, about two years after the first medical examination, the fundus does not show any sunset glow-like fundus, and vision of 1.2 is maintained on the right and left. CONCLUSION: A rare case of Harada disease complicated with APMPPE-like recurrence is presented.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Prevention of lymphocyst formation following systematic lymphadenectomy.

BACKGROUND: The occurrence of pelvic lymphocysts is an important complication following systematic lymphadenectomy for gynecological malignancies. We employed a procedure to prevent vaginal shortening following radical hysterectomy and we examined whether this procedure could be effective in preventing pelvic lymphocyst formation. METHODS: We studied the incidence of lymphocysts in 190 patients with 84 cervical cancers, 74 endometrial cancers and 32 ovarian cancers, using computed tomographic examination at 3 and 6 months subsequent to the surgery. The surgery included radical hysterectomy and a procedure to prevent vaginal shortening (101), modified radical hysterectomy (79) and simple hysterectomy (7), with systematic lymphadenectomy. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in the incidence of pelvic lymphocysts between cervical cancer (4.8%) and ovarian cancer (18.8%). The postoperative incidence of lymphocyst formation in patients undergoing radical hysterectomy with the procedure to prevent vaginal shortening (5.9%) was significantly lower than in those who underwent modified radical hysterectomy (15.2%). CONCLUSION: Our procedure to prevent vaginal shortening could be effective in preventing not only the shortening of the vagina but also the occurrence of pelvic lymphocysts in patients undergoing radical hysterectomy with systematic lymphadenectomy for gynecological malignancies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Rebound of prostate specific antigen after discontinuation of antiandrogen therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia].

We compared the prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients with antiandrogen chlormadinone acetate (CMA) or allylestrenol (AE) before and during the treatment. We also investigated the serial change of PSA levels before, during and after discontinuation of antiandrogen therapy. Fifty-one BPH patients with normal PSA levels were treated with CMA or AE for 16 weeks. The mean serum PSA level significantly decreased after the treatment from 1.9 +/- 1.0 ng/ml to 1.1 +/- 0.7 ng/ml (M +/- SD). We discontinued medication with informed consent and the patients were carefully monitored for another 16 weeks. Nineteen patients were followed for 32 weeks. The mean serum PSA level decreased significantly from 2.0 +/- 1.0 ng/ml to 1.1 +/- 0.5 ng/ml (M +/- SD) and recovered approximately to the pretreatment level (1.7 +/- 1.1 ng/ml) at the end of this study. We found only one patient whose PSA was slightly elevated to a subnormal range (4.3 ng/ml) after discontinuation of therapy. The other BPH patients with normal PSA levels showed no excessive increase in PSA levels beyond the normal limit after discontinuation of antiandrogen therapy compared with the pretreatment baseline. In conclusion, BPH patients with a marked increase in PSA after discontinuation of antiandrogen therapy should be checked for prostate cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

The invasion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis into non-phagocytic cells.

To explore the ability of tubercle bacilli to invade and survive within non-phagocytic cells, we used in this study a human fibroblast cell line, WI-38, derived from normal embryonic lung and a human epithelial cell line, SQ-5, derived from lung squamous cell carcinoma. Live M. tuberculosis Erdman and M. tuberculosis H37Rv invaded WI-38 cells more efficiently than live M. tuberculosis H37Ra, M. bovis Ravenel, M. bovis BCG Tokyo and M. bovis BCG Pasteur. The capability of tubercle bacilli to invade WI-38 cells was Erdman > or = H37Rv > BCG Pasteur [symbol: see text] M. bovis Ravenel [symbol: see text] BCG Tokyo > H37Ra. A similar invasive ability was observed using SQ-5 cells. In contrast with live bacilli, heat-killed bacilli failed to invade WI-38 cells, whereas they were detected within SQ-5 cells. These results and incorporation of latex beads suggest that SQ-5 cells, but not WI-38 cells, possess phagocytic activity. H37Rv multiplied most actively within WI-38 cells when compared to H37Ra and BCG Tokyo, suggesting that the ability to invade and survive within non-phagocytic cells reflects the more active invasion of virulent M. tuberculosis than avirulent M. tuberculosis. The assay system used in this study may help us to clarify the virulence of tubercle bacilli in vitro.

Animals↗