Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Takamoto

Publications and source records attributed to M Takamoto.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Clinical effects of CS-1170 on respiratory tract infections. II: Mainly on the use of 2 g piggy bag alone (author's transl)].

The following results have been obtained in our trial of CS-1170, in 2 g piggy bag, on the respiratory tract infections: 1) CS-1170 was found to be effective in all the cases treated, including 6 cases in which CS-1170 was used alone. The cases treated with CS-1170 included those cases in which no other antibiotics had been used, as well as 5 cases in which other penicillins and cephalosporins were found to be ineffective or not adequately effective. The results indicate the usefulness of CS-1170 in the treatment of the respiratory tract infections. 2) Slight elevation of GOT and GPT was observed in one case as the side effect of CS-1170. No abnormality was found in other laboratory tests. The incidence of side effects of CS-1170 is believed to be not higher than those of other cephalosporins.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Experimental Pseudomonas infection in mice: effect of single cyclophosphamide administration on Pseudomonas infection.

The kinetic effect of cyclophosphamide (CY) was investigated using the immune response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC), activation of the mononuclear macrophage system and altered susceptibity to pseudomonas infection. The level of delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) was enhanced with suppressed antibody formation, when antigenic stimulation was given about 3 days after CY administration. In contrast, antibody formation increased markedly when challenged with antigen about 10 days after CY administration. Activity of macrophage system as measured by rate of carbon clearance and spreading of peritoneal macrophage was decreased within 6 days after CY, therefore increased to a peak at the 13th day of CY administration. CY increased a susceptibility to pseudomonas infection at the early time of its administration such as the 3rd day, whereas more increased resistance was observed at the later time such as the 13th day. These results indicated that B-lymphocyte depletion included by administration of sublethal dose of CY (200mg/kg) was followed by vigorous hyperplasia of B-lymphocyte.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Ultrastructural studies of elastase-induced experimental emphysema.

Experimental emphysema in the guinea pig was made by intracheal instillation of porcine pancreatic elastase in order to analyze the proteolytic factors related to the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema. Ultrastructural and morphometric studies were performed in the elastase-induced emphysema in vivo. The following results were obtained: 1) Ultrastructural studies in vivo revealed that interstitial edema and degradation of fibrous tissue already occurred 2 hours after elastase instillation. Subsequently we observed fragmentations of elastin and dissociation between elastic tissue and collagen fibers 2 days later. Apparent degradation and fragmentation of elastin was found after 7 days. 2) Morphometric studies by electron microscope on elastase-induced experimental emphysema showed significant degradation of elastin fragments. Thus, it was suggested the importance of elastolytic process on the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Inhibition and promotion of tumor growth by BCG: evidence for stimulation of humoral enhancing factors by BCG.

Effects of pretreatment with BCG, strain Japan, on tumor growth were studied using a transplatable methylcholanthrene (MCA)-induced fibrosarcoma in C3H/He mice. Injection of BCG7 weeks before tumor inoculation at a site distant from the tumor caused a slight inhibition of tumor growth. A low dose of tumor cells did not grow at the BCG-primed site when BCG was injected 7 and 11 weeks before the tumor. When a high dose was inoculated into the BCG-primed site, inhibition of the primary tumor occurred in mice which had received BCG 7 weeks previously, but the number of distant metastases in the popliteal lymph node and the lungs was increased in mice pretreated with BCG at any time. Furthermore, post treatment with BCG at a site distant from the tumor caused promotion of tumor growth. Enhanced antibody formation and suppression of delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) occurred in tumor-bearing mice. BCG treatment of such mice caused a vigorously enhanced antibody formation and a marked suppression of DTH. The sera from tumor-bearing mice enhanced tumor growth. Tumor growth was suppressed in splenectomized mice. These findings suggested that antibodies against tumor-specific antigens enhanced tumor growth in this system and that BCG treatment of tumor-bearing mice stimulated formation of antibodies probably acting as blocking factors.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Mode of immunopotentiating action of BCG: macrophage activation produced by BCG-infection.

Macrophage activation as measured by increased rate of carbon clearance and spreading of peritoneal macrophage was studied in mice infected with BCG, strain Japan. BCG caused marked increase of the numbers of peritoneal cells and spread macrophages. The increases of spread macrophages reached a peak at the 3rd week of BCG infection introduced by the both routes of intravenous(i.v.) injection and foot pad(f.p.) injection. BCG also enhanced the clearance of carbon. In the case of BCG given i.v., the increase of the rate of carbon clearance was biphasic : an early increase reaching maximum at the 1st week and a late increase reaching maximum at the 3rd week of BCG infection. When BCG given into one foot pad, peak increase was reached at the 5th week. The activation of macrophages as measured by increased levels of carbon clearance and increased numbers of spread macrophages in the mice receiving BCG i.v. was approximately two fold greater than that in the mice receiving BCG by f.p. route. When sheep red blood cells (SRBC) as antigen were injected i.v. into the mice primed with BCG i.v., the optimal interval between BCG priming and subsequent antigen injection varied with the dose of antigen for the induction of the highest level of delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) to SRBC, but not with the degree of macrophage activation.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Mode of immunopotentiating action of BCG: persistence and spread of BCG infection.

The mode of action of BCG, strain Japan was investigated using the immune response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) as an indicator system. When SRBC were injected into the BCG-primed foot pad, the direct plaque forming cells (PFC) and the effector cells responsible for delayed type hypersensitivity (PTH) were produced in various lymphoid organs widely distributed. Furthermore, bacterial counts in the draining popliteal lymph node and the spleen in the mice inoculated with BCG into the hind foot pad suggested that a local infection with BCG has spread to a generalized systemic infection of lymphoid tissues with time. Enhancement of DTH response to SRBC was induced when the mice previously infected with BCG were inmunized with SRBC mixed with purified protein derivative (PPD). These findings suggested that nonspecific augmentation of immune response with BCG was due to a generalized systemic activation of lymphoid system by BCG infection and the long lasting effect of immunopotentiation with BCG was due to persisting BCG infection in the lymphoid tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Experimental Pseudomonas infection in mice: acquired resistance against Pseudomonas septicemia and altered susceptibility in BCG infected mice.

Pseudomonas septicemia in mice caused the early death in the first three days of infection without any localized lesions. Localized lesions such as abscess are observed in the kidney and liver after the third day of infection. The early death increased in the BCG infected mice showing an increased level of macrophage activation. It seemed that such early death is due to endotoxin produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, the BCG infected mice showing an enhanced antibody formation were more resistant to pseudomonas septicemia. Immune serum protected such death, but immune spleen cells did not. Furthermore immune serum also protected the increased death in BCG infected mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Protease-induced experimental emphysema: the relationship between elastolytic activity and emphysema induction.

Induction of experimental emphysema by protease was performed with several proteases both in vivo and in vitro to compare the ability of inducing emphysematous change and their elastolytic activity. The following results were obtained. 1) Only elastase and papain have emphysema inducing capacity. Emphysematous changes induced by elastase in vitro were dose dependent. But papain has no genuine elastolytic activity. Nature of the emphysema-inducing capacity of papain remains obscure. 2) Advantages of using the isolated lung for experiment were discussed, especially for the small dose required for enzyme-instillation. Moreover, there is no interferencey by endogeneous enzyme or protease-inhibitors. 3) Guinea pig is useful for the experiemnt of emphysema-induction both in vivo and in vitro. Minimal requirement of elastase is 50 microgram in vitro and 250 microgram for in vivo experiment.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Adjuvanticity (immunity-inducing property) of cord factor in mice and rats.

Cord factor, a glycolipid in mycobacteria, was found to make a tolerogenic protein antigen immunogenic when injected 0 to 2 days before tolerogen injection in mice and rats. Cord factor was also found to increase phagocytic function of the reticuloendothelial system of mice, and the relationship between the immunity-inducing capacity and the phagocytic function is discussed.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1977

Comparison of the mode of immunopotentiating action of BCG and wax D. I. Effect on the immune response to SRBC.

The immunopotentiating action of BCG and wax D was comparatively evaluated as the immune response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in mice. The immunopotentiation of BCG varied with the interval between its priming and subsequent antigen injection. BCG increased delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) at early stage but enhanced antibody formation at later stage. DTH reached its maximum about 5 weeks after BCG inoculation. In contrast, wax D increased antibody formation at early stage but increased DTH at later stage. Freund complete adjuvant (FCA) containing wax D stimulated much antibody formation rather than induction of DTH in mice. Cord factor and even Drakeol 6VR could induce DTH at early stage of prior inoculation.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1977

Comparison of the mode of immunopotentiating action of BCG and wax D. II. Effect on the methylcholanthrene carcinogenesis.

The effects of BCG and wax D on methylcholanthrene (MCA) carcinogenesis in mice were studied. BCG given 8 weeks after MCA administration conferred a significant protection against carcinogenesis. When given either on the same day as MCA injection or 4 weeks after MCA, BCG slightly increased tumor incidence. Wax D provided a marked protection against tumor development when given 4 weeks after MCA. An enhanced tumor development was obtained, when wax D was administered either on the day of MCA injection or 8 weeks after MCA. These results indicated that the effects of BCG and wax D on MCA carcinogenesis varied with the timing of administration. When BCG and wax D increased the level of delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) at the initiating time of tumor development, a protection against carcinogenesis was obtained. On the other hand, BCG and wax D enhanced tumor development, when it increased antibody formation at the time of initiation of tumor development.

Animals↗