Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Takahara.
A rare case of transradial styloid, transtriquetral perilunate dislocation associated with an ulnar border fracture of the distal radius is described. The mechanism of injury is discussed, and the results of treatment are reported.
For the purpose to compare the effectiveness of SM and EB as a third drug in the standard regimens and to know whether the addition of SM twice weekly to INH and RFP could be acceptable for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, the efficacy, adverse effects and results of long-term follow-up of the groups consisting of 105 patients treated with SM twice weekly for 6 months in addition to INH and RFP for 9 months (S2 group) and 107 patients treated with EB for 6 months in addition to INH and RFP for 9 months (E group) were observed. The speed of negative conversion of sputum and that of X-ray findings improvement were slightly faster in S2 group than E group but the difference was statistically not significant. The incidence of adverse effects such as elevation of serum transaminase values, gastrointestinal troubles, drug allergy and others was not similar in two groups. The relapse was observed in 2 cases of S2 group and 5 cases of E group. We concluded that SM twice weekly to INH and RFP is similarly effective as EB in combination with INH and RFP, and the this regimen could be used as standard regimen for pulmonary tuberculosis.
The authors report a correlation between histopathologic features and magnetic resonance images of spinal cord lesions in 19 human spinal cords with various types of lesions. Abnormally high T2-weighted image signal intensities appeared nonspecifically in mildly altered lesions or areas with edema. In the gray matter, a low T1-weighted image in addition to a high T2-weighted image signal intensity appeared in severely altered lesions with necrosis, myelomalacia, or spongiform change. In the white matter, abnormally high T1-weighted image intensities appeared in severely altered lesions. Based on these preliminary results, it appears that a correlation between the degree of histopathologic alteration of the spinal cord and magnetic resonance images in clinical cases can be made. This is the first study to clarify the correlation between histopathologic features and magnetic resonance images of the diseased human spinal cord.
When a living body is invaded to a high degree, a hypercoagulable state develops. The radical operation for esophageal cancer is known as a very high risk operation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate in detail the postoperative changes in platelet, coagulation and fibrinolytic systems, in 34 patients operated on for esophageal cancer, and to clarify the factors contributing to both the aggravation and delay of recovery from the postoperative hypercoagulable state. Operating time and blood loss during surgery were factors aggravating the postoperative hypercoagulable state. The mechanism of coagulation progressed significantly in those patients requiring 500 minutes or more operating time and having a blood loss of 600 ml or more during surgery. Age was seen as an important factor delaying recovery, as the recovery of the coagulative parameters was delayed significantly in patients aged 70 or above. Hepatic function was the most important of post operative organ functions. Renal, cardiac and respiratory functions were unrelated to the postoperative hypercoagulable state.
Two cases of Klinefelter's syndrome with prepenile scrotum were presented. They underwent the operation for prepenile scrotum according to Glenn and Anderson's method. Thereafter urethroplasty was performed in each case. The decrease in response to testosterone in the target organ was noticed in 1 patient, suggesting that some androgen resistance in this case was attributable in part to anomaly of genitalia.
A telescopic system for distance consisting of a negative contact lens (-10.0 - -20.0 D) as the eye piece and a positive spectacle lens (+8.0 - +16.0 D) as the objective, a modification of the Galilean telescope was examined. First the system was tried in 15 normal subjects, whose visual acuity was reduced to 20/200 or less by providing several occlusion membranes, and results were compared with customary full correction for distance. The best improvement of their vision by this system was achieved when the dioptric power of the spectacle was between +11.0 D and +13.75 D. This system was then applied to 78 eyes (61 patients) with visual acuity of 20/100 or less. Subjective improvement of vision was found in 55% of those patients' eyes. Eight patients out of 26 patients whose better eye acuity was 20/100 or less wanted to use this system and received prescription to result in the visual improvement, as evidenced by their continued use. This system can provide aid for low vision correction for distance.
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Nineteen cases of sexual disturbance caused by endocrine dysfunction were surveyed for the clinical features. In hypogonadotropic hypogonadism ejaculatory failure was observed in 12 out of 13 cases. On the contrary, 2 of three hypergonadotropic patients preserved their ejaculation. The serum testosterone levels of hypogonadotropic and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism were less than 200 ng/dl. When the testosterone level decreased to less than 100 ng/dl, nine patients out of 13 complained loss of libido and 12 patients complained loss of ejaculation, but six patients preserved erectile function. Hyperprolactinemic patients showed loss of libido in 4, erectile failure in 4 and loss of ejaculation in 2. When good response to hCG test was present or the testicular volume was more than 4 ml, patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism showed good response to hCG therapy.
The testicular function after orchiopexy for unilateral cryptorchism was examined for fertile state with the relation to the age at operation and the testicular size. Sperm concentration decreased with the age at operation, accompanying a rise of gonadotropins and a decrease of the testicular size. The testicular size decreased with the age at operation. sperm deterioration was correlated more with the testicular size in the normally descending side than that of the operated one. The gonadotropin level was inversely correlated with the size of the contralateral normally descending testis. These results indicate that fertility after unilateral orchiopexy is influenced by the age at operation as well as the development of the normally descending contralateral testis.
Two patients, one with a high-flow arteriovenous hemangioma and the other with a low-flow capillary-venous type, were treated by injection of ethanol, and excellent results were obtained.
To measure testicular volume accurately, an ultrasonographic method was developed and the results obtained from this compared with those obtained by conventional measurements, namely (1) comparison with testis models, (2) an orchidometer, and (3) measurement of testicular volume by calipers through the scrotal skin. Data from these methods were compared with the actual volume measured at operation by slide calipers placed directly on the testis. The volume obtained by comparison with testis models or with an orchidometer tended to over-estimate the actual volume. The volume measured by slide calipers on scrotal skin was also found to be incorrect. On the other hand, the volume measured by ultrasonography proved to be closer to, and to correlate well with, the actual volume, and was considered to be the best method.
Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin STp is presumed from its DNA sequence to be synthesized in vivo as a 72-amino-acid residue precursor that is cleaved to generate mature STp consisting of the 18 carboxy-terminal amino acid residues. There are two methionine residues in the inferred STp sequence in addition to the methionine residue at position 1. In order to confirm production of the STp 72-amino-acid residue precursor, we substituted the additional methionine residues by oligonucleotide-directed site-specific mutagenesis. Since these substitutions did not cause a significant change in STp production, it can be concluded that STp is normally synthesized as the 72-amino-acid residue precursor. The length of the STp precursor indicated the existence of a pro sequence between the signal peptide and the mature protein. In order to identify the pro sequence and determine its role in protein secretion, deletion and fusion proteins were made. A deletion mutant in which the gene fragment encoding amino acid residues 22 to 53 of STp was removed was made. STp activity was found in the culture supernatant of cells. Amino acid sequence analysis of the purified STp deletion mutant revealed that the pro sequence encompasses amino acid residues 20 to 54. A hybrid protein consisting of STp amino acids 1 to 53 fused in frame from residue 53 to nuclease A was not secreted into the culture supernatant. These results indicate that the pro sequence does not function to guide periplasmic protein into the extracellular milieu.
Ultrasonographic imagings of non-tumor disorders in extremities were reviewed and discussed. All cases underwent surgery. In our retrospective evaluation, US was found to be effective in cases of tendon injuries, articular osteochondritis, tenosynovitis and the displacement of chondral navicula in infantile club foot, etc.
To determine the effect of continuous subcutaneous infusion of peplomycin on both antitumor activity and pulmonary toxicity, thirty-two patients with previously untreated oral squamous carcinoma were given peplomycin via osmotic microinfusion pump (SP-5, Nipro Co., Ltd.) at a daily dose of 5.0 mg subcutaneously. The mean dosage of peplomycin given was 79.8 mg. An overall response rate of 62.5% was achieved, with 21.9% complete response, and 40.6% partial response. The maximum reduction of tumor volume for responder could be generally observed when peplomycin was given at about 60 mg continuously. The most frequently encountered toxicity was a mucocutaneous reaction, manifested by stomatitis (34.4%) and skin eruption (18.8%), but they were mild and tolerable. A local skin reaction also occurred at the site of drug injection, and an ulcer formation developed in 12.5% of patients. Monitoring of pulmonary function by means of PaO2 revealed that 32.0% of patients had a decrease over 10% after peplomycin administration. However, interstitial pneumonitis eventually occurred in only one patient (3.1%). In conclusion, the regimen of continuous infusion of peplomycin is a useful method to administer peplomycin safely without reducing the antitumor effect compared to conventional intermittent injection.
Ultrasonography of 8 cases of cystic mass in extremities (7 ganglions, 1 popliteal cyst) were reviewed and evaluated. The lesions were demonstrated as round, oval or flattened shaped masses with no echo signal. However, in most cases, there was no sign of posterior echo enhancement, which may be the effect of posterior bony structure. It seemed important to handle probe with adequate palpation, which enables examiner to get further anatomical information.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.