Biomedical subjects

M Takada

Publications and source records attributed to M Takada.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

[A case of an infant on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis who markedly improved in subjective symptoms after total parathyroidectomy and autotransplantation].

Total parathyroidectomy and autotransplantation to treat secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHP) have been often performed on adult patients with a favorable result, but have rarely been reported in the pediatric literature. We performed the above operations on a 4-year-7-month girl who was treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The postoperative levels of serum calcium remained low in spite of oral calcium and Vitamin D3 medication, and intravenous calcium administration. But an administration of calcium into CAPF fluid has been maintained the normal level of serum calcium. A calcium balance study conducted for 3 days starting the 24th postoperative day showed 391 mg/day of calcium absorption. The girl obtained a relief from the bone pain approximately 2 weeks after the operation and was able to run easily one and a half month after the operation. Total parathyroidectomy and autotransplantation were considered to be an effective treatment for severe symptoms of osteodystrophy in infantile patients with chronic renal failure.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMed1993

[Evaluation of preoperative diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism--special reference to normocalcemic cases].

Since the opening of our clinic 117 years before, we have treated 62 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), among which there were 6 cases (1 male, 5 females) whose calcium levels fell within the normal range. However, in all these cases the serum ionized calcium (Ca++) levels and the serum ionized calcium/calcium ratio (Ca++/Ca ratio) were high. Moreover, in comparing them with hypercalcemic patients (56 cases), the serum Ca++ levels were significantly lower, but the (Ca++/Ca ratio) was significantly higher. Also, the excised weight of 606.1 +/- 520.3 mg was significantly smaller than that of hypercalcemic patients, which was 1,967.9 +/- 2,086.3 mg. Preoperative locations showed significantly lower levels in comparison with hypercalcemic patients by all methods including computed tomography (CT), ultrasonography, scintigraphy, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In normocalcemic patients following parathyroidectomy, although the decrease in serum calcium levels was not significant, the serum Ca++ levels and the Ca++/Ca ratio decreased significantly, so that not only are they useful parameters for preoperative diagnosis of PHPT, but they are also considered necessary and indispensable for observation of the post-operative course and judging therapeutic effects including the operation. Based on our study we concluded that in multiple and recurrent stone formers with normal range of serum Ca levels, regardless of the presence or absence of local diagnosis, if the serum Ca++ level and Ca++/Ca ratio are high, existence of primary hyperparathyroidism must be suspected, and adequate treatments should be instituted promptly.

Calcium↗

PubMed1993

[Chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer].

This paper describes the results of a randomized trial comparing alternating chemotherapy with standard chemotherapy and of a trial of dose intensive chemotherapy with or without recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). 1) Between April 1985 and May 1988, the Japan Clinical Oncology Group conducted a randomized phase III trial of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and vincristine (CAV) versus cisplatin and etoposide (PE) versus CAV alternating with PE (CAV/PE). Three hundred patients were entered in the study, and 288 of them were eligible for analysis. The response rates for PE (78%) and CAV/PE (76%) were significantly higher than the rate for CAV (55%) (p < 0.01). The median survival time (MST) with CAV/PE (11.8 months) was superior to that with CAV (9.9 months) (p = 0.027) or that with PE (9.9 months) (p = 0.056); however, the survival advantage of CAV/PE disappeared when the data were adjusted for prognostic factors. These results have shown that CAB/PE is a reasonable approach for the management of SCLC. 2) Between May 1989 and September 1991, we carried out a randomized study to determine whether the dose intensity of the weekly CODE (cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, doxorubicin and etoposide) chemotherapy could be increased by the addition of G-CSF support. Sixty-three patients were entered in this study. The use of G-CSF was associated with a reduced incidence of neutropenic fever and an increase in the dose intensity. The MST for the patients treated with CODE plus G-CSF (58 weeks) was significantly longer than that for the patients treated with CODE alone (36 weeks). The results of this study showed that dose intensive weekly chemotherapy may improve the outcome of patients with ED-SCLC.

Aged↗

PubMed1993

[High-dose chemoradiotherapy combined with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) in a case of refractory acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)].

Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) stimulates the growth of myeloid leukemic cells and increases their susceptibility to cell-cycle specific agents. We treated a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in a state of second resistant relapse, with high-dose chemoradiotherapy combined with rhGM-CSF (total body irradiation: TBI 3Gy x 4, on days -8 & -7; cytosine arabinoside: Ara-C 3g/m2, iv, q12h, on days -5-2; rhGM-CSF 250 micrograms/m2/day, cont.iv, on days -5-2) followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). In this case, rhGM-CSF enhanced the proliferation of leukemic cells in vitro. The test dose of rhGM-CSF (84 micrograms/m2 over 8 hours) also promoted leukemic cell proliferation in vivo, resulting in an increase in the percentage of leukemic cells in the peripheral blood and reappearance of chromosomal aberrations in the bone marrow. The toxicity of rhGM-CSF-combined conditioning regimen included fever and mild liver damage. The patient achieved a complete remission lasting for 2 months, then relapsed. The rhGM-CSF-combined conditioning regimen was tolerated by this patient, but further studies will be required to confirm not only its safety but also its effectiveness in the treatment of refractory AML.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Radioimmunoassay for the pyridinoline cross-linked carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (1CTP)--some basic aspects of the RIA kit and clinical evaluation in various bone diseases].

A radioimmunoassay for circulating levels of the pyridinoline cross-linked carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (1CTP) was developed and can be available as a kit on a commercial base. Using the kits, we evaluated basically and clinically the assay. The assayed values were reproducible and the assay can detect as low as 0.5 ng/ml of 1CTP. In healthy volunteers, circulating level was high under age 24 and over age 46. In patients with bone metastasis, serum levels elevated even in its early stage and correlated well with clinical status. In other bone diseases, such as primary hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, post-gastrectomy, hypercalcemia of malignancy and myeloma, serum levels elevated according to their clinical conditions. In patients with chronic renal failure, serum levels were high, suggesting decrease of renal clearance of 1CTP. The circulating 1CTP levels seemed to reflect well clinical bone destructive status. A high correlation between serum 1CTP level and urinary pyridinoline (r = 0.884) was shown, whereas essentially no correlation was observed between bone formation markers such as osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase. Thus, the measurement of circulating 1CTP seems to be a simple and sensitive method to monitor bone destruction.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[The central visual field defects in low-tension glaucoma. A comparison of the central visual field defects in low-tension glaucoma with those in primary open angle glaucoma].

To discover if there is difference in central visual field damage between low-tension glaucoma (LTG) and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) eyes, the data obtained with the 10-2 threshold program of the Humphrey visual field analyzer were analysed using logistic discriminant analysis. One hundred and four LTG eyes from 65 case (maximum IOP < or = 21 mmHg) and 48 POAG eyes from 34 cases (maximum IOP > or = 25 mmHg) with early to moderately advanced visual field damage were included. There was no significant difference in mean deviation (MD, STATPAC), refraction, or age between the 2 groups. The analysis demonstrated that an arcuate area in the upper central 5-10 degrees of the visual field was significantly more depressed in LTG than in POAG eyes.

Aged↗

PubMed1993

[Changes in the blood flow in celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery after stellate ganglion block].

We evaluated the effect of stellate ganglion block (SGB) on the blood flow of celiac artery (CA) and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) by using the ultrasonic pulse Doppler technique. The subjects were 15 healthy volunteers (14 males, one female; average 26 years old; 22-38). Right C7-SGB was performed using 5 ml of 1% mepivacaine at the 7th cervical process. Blood pressure, heart rate, mean blood flow velocity and diameter in CA and SMA, were measured after 5 minute rest, before and after SGB. To measure the flow velocity and the diameter of vessels, ultrasonic diagnostic equipment SSA-270A or SSA-260A (Thoshiba CO, Ltd.) with convex electric-phased 3.75 MHz, probe was used. Doppler shiftgrams of the CA and SMA were recorded. Then, we calculated their flow volume and sectional area of vessels. In CA mean blood flow velocity tended to decrease (P < 0.05) and both flow volume and sectional area of vessels tended to increase (P < 0.001). In SMA, mean flow velocity tended to decrease (P < 0.05) and sectional area increased (P < 0.001). But flow volume did not show significant change. Our results indicate that right C7-SGB leads to an increase in the blood flow of CA.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Nucleolar organizer regions in meningiomas with reference to histopathological findings and recurrence].

A silver staining technique was used in the study of nucleolar organizer regions (Ag-NORs) in paraffin sections of 40 meningiomas. The specimens were divided into three groups as follows: typical (n = 24), atypical (n = 8) and recurrent (n = 8) groups, and the mean number of Ag-NORs was evaluated in three groups. The mean Ag-NORs number (mean +/- S.D.) of typical, atypical and recurrent group was 1.48 +/- 0.14, 1.82 +/- 0.16 and 2.05 +/- 0.23 respectively. The mean Ag-NORs number of atypical and recurrent groups was significantly greater than that of typical group. These results suggest that the proliferative potential of meningiomas and the risk of recurrence could be evaluated by quantification of Ag-NORs.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Measurement of serum concentration with radioimmunoassay for carboxyterminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen].

A radioimmunoassay kit for measurement of carboxyterminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (P1CP) was developed and can be purchased commercially for clinical use. Using the kit, we measured serum concentration in healthy controls and in patients with bone metastasis and other various skeletal disorders. In healthy controls, serum concentration of P1CP ranged within 37-177 ng/ml under age 50, while in serum concentration of women over 50, it elevated upto 350 ng/ml. In patients with skeletal metastasis, in most of patients, it stayed within a normal range, whereas in patients with bone metastasis from prostatic cancer, it raised significantly. In some of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism or hyperthyroidism, serum concentration for P1CP was also elevated. In comparison with other serum bone metabolic markers such as osteocalcin or alkaline phosphatase, P1CP showed less occurrence of an elevation in patients with non-skeletal disease. Serum concentration of P1CP was not affected by renal function, while mild elevation was observed in patients with severely damaged liver diseases. In conclusion, the newly developed radioimmunoassay for P1CP was an excellent assay system and would provide us easily evaluation of type 1 collagen formation.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Systemic chemotherapy for brain metastasis from small cell lung cancer].

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is rapidly progressive, but is sensitive to chemotherapy. The incidence of brain metastasis is high in patients with this disease. The management of brain metastases is an important problem in SCLC patients, because brain tumors have been regarded as being inaccessible to anti-cancer agents due to the blood-brain-barrier (BBB). Of 15 SCLC patients with brain metastasis at diagnosis who were treated with chemotherapy, 3 achieved a complete response (CR) and 4 had a partial response (PR), giving a response rate of 47%. Of 17 SCLC patients with brain metastasis at relapse, 1 achieved a CR and 6 had a PR by chemotherapy, with a response rate of 30%. The response rate of brain metastasis in SCLC patients treated with chemotherapy was similar to those of primary lesions and other metastatic lesions. SCLC patients with brain metastasis at diagnosis had the same response rate and median survival time as other ED-SCLC patient. The BBB may not be an impending factor in systemic chemotherapy of brain metastasis in SCLC. Systemic chemotherapy may be the treatment of choice for SCLC patients with brain metastasis.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Pharmacokinetics of CDDP by the route of administration in patients with ovarian cancer].

CDDP was administered to 36 patients with ovarian cancer by one of three routes: i.v., ip, or ia, and its pharmacokinetics was studied. 1) With an initial dose of 100 mg/body the peak values for blood free-pt were 1.63 +/- 0.78 micrograms/ml (S.D.) in the i.v. group, 0.61 +/- 0.53 micrograms/ml (S.D.) in the ip group, and 1.62 +/- 0.78 micrograms/ml (S.D.) in the ia group. The area under the curve (AUC) was 2.56 +/- 0.72 micrograms.hr/ml (S.D.), 1.84 +/- 0.75 micrograms.hr/ml(S.D.), and 2.70 +/- 0.51 micrograms.hr/ml (S.D.), respectively. 2) The free-pt level of the ascitic fluid in the ip group was 25.3 +/- 28.1 micrograms/ml (S.D.) just after the injection of 100 mg/body. 3) The ovarian tissue level following the initial CDDP dose of 100 mg/body was the highest in the ia group, next highest in the ip group, and lowest in the i.v. group. In some cases, the ovarian tissue level was markedly elevated after repeated ip injections. Deep-middle layer concentrations in ovarian tissue were not so low in the ip group as in the i.v. or ia group. As noted above, the blood free-pt peak was low following ip administration, but the ovarian tissue level was higher following ip administration than following i.v. though lower than following ia administration. These findings suggest that ip administration of CDDP may be useful in treating large tumor masses. Good results are expected particularly following repeated ip therapy, which sometimes provided a markedly high tissue level.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Hypervitaminosis D].

Excessive vitamin D causes marked and prolonged hypercalcemia by accelerating intestinal calcium absorption and bone resorption. Vitamin D induced hypercalcemia includes the toxic ingestion of excessive amount of vitamin D preparations, granulomatous diseases and lymphoproliferative malignancies. In vitamin D toxicity, the clinical courses vary depending on the vitamin D preparation responsible for the hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia state continues for several months when D2 or D3 are responsible for the toxicity whereas the hypercalcemia would subside in a week when 1 alpha(OH) D3 or 1,25 (OH)2D3 are responsible for the toxicity. Abnormal calcium metabolism can be treated by hydration and glucocorticoids. Hypercalcemia is associated with variety kinds of granulomatous diseases, including sarcoidosis and tuberculosis. The granulomatous tissue is believed to be the site of the ectopic production of 1,25(OH)2D3 in which the regulation of the synthesis is quite different from that in the normal kidney. Glucocorticoid markedly diminishes the synthesis. Hypercalcemia associated with elevated serum 1.25(OH)2D3 levels is also found in patients with lymphomas and some other malignancies. However, there still are not sufficient evidences to prove that the excessive amount of endogenous 1.25(OH)2D3 is the primary cause of the hypercalcemia.

24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3↗

PubMed1992

Single retinal ganglion cells sending axon collaterals to the bilateral superior colliculi: a fluorescent retrograde double-labeling study in the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata).

Single retinal ganglion cells projecting bilaterally to the superior colliculi (SC) by way of axon collaterals were revealed in the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata). After injecting Fast blue into the SC on one side and Diamidino yellow into the SC on the opposite side, some retinal ganglion cells were double-labeled with both tracers. Most of them were large cells (more than 25 microns in diameter), and were localized in a narrow strip around the vertical meridian of the retina on each side. This retinal area roughly corresponds to the reported strip of nasotemporal overlap, where both crossed and uncrossed retinofugal projections arise.

Amidines↗

PubMed1992

Trigeminal ganglion neurons which project by way of axon collaterals to both the caudal spinal trigeminal and the principal sensory trigeminal nuclei.

Employing a combination of fluorescent retrograde double labeling and immunofluorescence histochemistry, we found that some single neurons in the trigeminal ganglion of the rat projected by way of axon collaterals both to the caudal spinal trigeminal nucleus and to the principal sensory trigeminal nucleus, and that about 40% or 57% of these neurons showed respectively substance P- or calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Flunarizine induces a transient loss of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in nigrostriatal neurons.

Neurotoxic effects of flunarizine (Fz), a selective calcium channel blocker, on the nigrostriatal dopamine system was investigated. Systemic injections of Fz to mice resulted in a transient loss of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactive nigrostriatal neurons without cell loss. TH immunoreactivity in these neurons was greatly reduced as rapidly as one day after drug administration (regardless of dosage used) and thereafter recovered in both dose- and time-dependent manners. Such a novel neurotoxic action of Fz may constitute a morphological substrate for reversible drug-induced parkinsonian signs described in recent clinical case reports.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Origin of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) neurons in the chick embryo: effect of the olfactory placode ablation.

A unilateral olfactory placodectomy resulted in the absence of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone-immunoreactive (LHRH-ir) cells in the olfactory-forebrain axis of the operated side, whereas the development of the LHRH neuronal system was not disturbed on the unoperated side. In the embryos in which a fragment of the medial olfactory epithelium was spared the damage, a small number of LHRH-ir cells were detected in the nasal region of the operated side, where the lack of the central projection of the olfactory nerve caused stagnation of LHRH-ir cells, no ir-cells being found in the brain area. These results suggest that LHRH neurons originate in the olfactory placode and then migrate into the forebrain along the olfactory nerve.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

The lateroposterior thalamic nucleus and substantia nigra pars lateralis: origin of dual innervation over the visual system and basal ganglia.

Employing the fluorescent retrograde double labeling technique, the present study demonstrated that in the rat single neurons in the lateroposterior thalamic nucleus (LP) project to both the visual cortex and striatum, and that single neurons in the substantia nigra pars lateralis project to both the LP and striatum, or to both the superior colliculus and striatum. These results provide morphological evidence for the functional correlation between the visual system and basal ganglia.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Topographic projections from the subiculum to the limbic regions of the medial frontal cortex in the cat.

When WGA-HRP was injected into the subicular cortex of the ventral hippocampal formation (Hv) in the cat, terminal labeling was seen ipsilaterally in the caudoventral parts of the medial frontal cortex: in the infralimbic cortex (area 25), ventral part of the prelimbic cortex (area 32), and caudoventral part of the orbitofrontal cortex (area 12). The terminal labeling was observed in all cortical layers except layer 1. The cells of origin of these projections were then confirmed to be pyramidal neurons in the subiculum of the Hv. The projections were topographically organized: the temporal-septal shift along the long axis of the subiculum of the Hv corresponded to a rostroventral-caudodorsal shift in the anterogradely labeled limbic regions of the medial frontal cortex.

Animals↗