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Biomedical subjects

M Tabata

Publications and source records attributed to M Tabata.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[A statistical analysis of serum sialyl Lewis X-1 (SLX), CEA, SCC and NSE levels in patients with lung cancer].

Serum SLX, CEA, SCC and NSE levels were serially measured in 266 patients with lung cancer and compared with those in 345 patients with benign respiratory disorders (BRD). The positive rate for CEA in lung cancer (44.4%) and the false-positive rate in BRD (15.3%) were the highest among the 4 markers. The positive rate for SLX in lung cancer (32.0%) was lower than that of CEA, while the false-positive rate for SLX in BRD (7.2%) was lower than that of CEA. The positive rate for SLX was highest in adenocarcinoma and correlated better with the clinical stages than did CEA. SCC and NSE were specifically elevated in squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma, respectively. Using these 4 markers, only 70.2% of patients were correctly diagnosed as having lung cancer or BRD. In monitoring treatment effect, only SLX showed a statistically significant correlation with regression and progression in adenocarcinoma, while NSE and SLX showed such a correlation in small cell carcinoma. Serum tumor markers seem to be less sensitive for the diagnosis of lung cancer than chest X-ray and sputum cytology, indicating that a search for more specific markers is still required. However, in monitoring treatment effect, SLX appeared to be suitable for adenocarcinoma, while NSE and SLX seemed to be useful in small cell carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Combination chemotherapy of advanced Hodgkin's disease with vincristine, cyclophosphamide, procarbazine, and prednisolone].

Thirty-three patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease were treated with a combination chemotherapy consisting of vincristine 1 mg/m2 iv on day 1, 8, cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2 iv on day 1, procarbazine 100 mg/m2 p.o. day 1-7, and prednisolone 40 mg/m2 p.o. day 1-7. Twenty patients received this regimen every 4 weeks (VCPP II regimen). Furthermore, we conducted higher dose intensive VCPP II-2 regimen which was repeated every two weeks for thirteen patients. Complete response rate of both regimens was 63% (VCPP II 45%, VCPP II-2 85%). The median duration of CR was 37 + months. Leukopenia, neurotoxicity and gastrointestinal toxicity were commonly observed but were clinically manageable. These results indicate that high dose intensive chemotherapy is effective for achieving high CR rate for advanced Hodgkin's disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Phase I-II study of hepatic intraarterial one-shot administration of adriamycin in patients with metastatic liver cancer].

For the purpose of obtaining the optimal dose of adriamycin (ADM) in hepatic intraarterial one-shot administration, phase I-II study was conducted in 14 patients with various liver cancers. The starting dose of ADM was 20 mg/m2 (4 patients) and the doses were escalated to 40 mg/m2 (5 patients), 60 mg/m2 (4 patients) and 80 mg/m2 (3 patients). One patient with salivary gland cancer showed PR for the liver metastasis. Major toxicity was leukopenia. With a dose of 40 mg/m2, 3 out of 4 patients showed nadir of WBC counts below 4,000/mm3 (2,400, 2,900, 3,100), 60 mg/m2 (1,100, 1,500, 2,200 and 2,700), and 80 mg/m2 (900, 1,200, and 1,400). Nadirs of WBC counts were observed from 9 to 15 days after the one-shot administration, and recovered above 4,000/mm3 in 1 to 3 weeks. Plasma concentrations of ADM from the peripheral vein were determined by HPLC in 12 patients, 14 courses. The curves of ADM plasma levels after 20 and 40 mg/m2 bolus injections were almost the same, and in patients treated with 60 and 80 mg/m2 the curves were also quite similar, but higher in the plasma levels, comparing with in patients with 20 and 40 mg/m2. There might be a limit of ADM tissue absorption, and above the doses 60 mg/m2, ADM might be overflowed, followed by side effects, especially leukopenia. Upon these data of venous plasma concentrations of ADM and leukopenia, the optimal dose of ADM in the hepatic intraarterial one-shot administration seemed to be 40 mg/m2.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Expression of human liver arginase in Escherichia coli. Purification and properties of the product.

Arginase is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of arginine to urea and ornithine. It is abundantly present in the liver of ureotelic animals (i.e. those whose excretion is characterized by the excretion of uric acid as the chief end-product of nitrogen metabolism), but its purification has hitherto not been simple, and the yield not high. Starting with a partially truncated cDNA for human liver arginase recently made available, we constructed an expression plasmid that had tandemly linked tac promotors placed upstream of a full-length cDNA. By selecting Escherichia coli strain KY1436 as the host micro-organism, we established an efficient system for the production of human liver arginase protein. Chromatographies on CM-Sephadex G-150, DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-150, followed by preparative agar-gel electrophoresis, yielded 10 mg of apparently homogeneous enzyme protein from 1 g (wet wt.) of E. coli cells. E. coli-expressed human liver arginase had chemical, immunological and most catalytic properties indistinguishable from those of purified human erythrocyte arginase. However, E. coli-expressed arginase was a monomer of Mr 35,000, whereas the purified erythrocyte arginase was trimer of Mr 105,000. They differed also in pH- and temperature-stabilities. Gel-filtration experiments with these two purified arginases under various conditions, as well as with unfractionated human liver and erythrocyte cytosol preparations, indicated that the native form of human arginase should be of Mr 35,000, and that the trimeric appearance of human erythrocyte arginase after purification was an artifact of the purification procedures. It was thus concluded that, in Nature, the liver and erythrocyte arginases are identical proteins.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

A chemiluminometric method for NADPH and NADH using a two-enzyme bioreactor and its application to the determination of magnesium in serum.

Chemiluminometric methods are described for the automated flow injection analysis of NADPH and NADH using an immobilized enzyme column reactor and serum magnesium. This application is for the clinical analysis of NADPH and NADH. The reactor for NADPH and NADH contains immobilized L-glutamate dehydrogenase and L-glutamate oxidase, and that for serum magnesium immobilized hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, L-glutamate dehydrogenase and L-glutamate oxidase. When the sample is introduced into the four-enzyme bioreactor, hydrogen peroxide is produced in proportion to the concentration of serum magnesium by the successive reactions. A co-immobilized hexokinase/glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase/glutamate dehydrogenase column reactor gave better efficiency compared with an enzyme column which was prepared by packing co-immobilized hexokinase/glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and immobilized glutamate dehydrogenase to make two layers. Magnesium in serum was determined with 1 microL of the sample without carry-over and for an assay time of approximately 15 s. The present method is sensitive (detection limit 0.1 nmol) because Mg2+ is recycled in a column, and gives perfect linearity of the data up to 3.0 mmol/L with satisfactory precision, reproducibility, and accurate reaction recoveries.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1990

Melatonin modulates the neural activity in photosensory pineal organ of the trout: evidence for endocrine-neuronal interactions.

Hormonal and neural signals transmitted from the pineal organ to the brain in cold-blooded vertebrates presumably convert information about the ambient illumination into signals which may be used to mediate photoperiodic and circadian responses. The possible intrapineal function of melatonin was investigated by recording intra- and extracellularly from photoreceptors and second-order neurons in the isolated superfused pineal organ of the trout (Salmo gairdneri). Melatonin added through the perfusion bath to the explanted pineal organ caused a dose-related and reversible inhibition of ganglion cells of the luminance type whereas the hormone did not significantly affect the membrane potential of photoreceptors and their light-evoked response. The observed effects seem to be independent from photoperiod and adaptation conditions. These results suggest that melatonin provides a feedforward signal to intrapineal neurons regulating the neural output of the organ.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1990

Biotransformation of 18 beta-glycyrrhetinic acid by cell suspension cultures of Glycyrrhiza glabra.

Two biotransformation products formed from 18 beta-glycyrrhetinic acid by cell suspension cultures of Glycyrrhiza glabra were isolated and their structures determined by chemical and spectral data as 3-O-[alhpa-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1----2)-beta-D-Glucuronopy ranosyl]-24- hydroxy-18 beta-glycyrrhetinic acid and 30-O-beta-D-glycopyrano-syl-18 beta-glycyrrhetinic acid. The formation of glycyrrhizin, the main triterpene glucuronide of the licorice root, was not detected among the biotransformation products. This is the first report of the glucuronylation of an exogenous triterpene in plant cell cultures.

Biotransformation↗
PubMed1990

A flow injection analysis system involving immobilized NADH oxidase in column form for clinical analysis.

A highly sensitive FIA system for chemiluminometric determination of reduced coenzyme, NADH, was developed, using immobilized NADH oxidase from Brevibacterium ammoniagenes. The enzyme catalyzed the oxidation of NADH generating hydrogen peroxide which emitted chemiluminescence when mixed with luminol and potassium ferricyanide. The immobilized enzyme reactor was a mini-column, measuring 1 or 2 mm in inner diameter and 20 mm in length, and the sample volume was only 1 microliter per assay, with a feeding speed of one sample per min and a lowest detection limit of 10 pmol NADH. A FIA system was also developed for the determination of magnesium in human serum, using an enzyme column reactor with simultaneously coimmobilized hexokinase, D-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and NADH oxidase. The performance of the system was as satisfactory as a routine colorimetric assay, but with much higher sensitivity.

Colorimetry↗
PubMed1990

[A study on the survival rates for patients and suspected patients with Itai-itai disease].

A follow-up study was carried out from January 1967 to December 1986 on 148 patients with Itai-itai disease, 130 suspected patients (persons requiring observation), and 212 controls who were living in the same community as patients with Itai-itai disease. The relative survival rates for the three groups were calculated from a life expectancy table. Except for 1973 data, comparison of the annual data from 1968 to 1986 showed that the relative survival rates in the patient group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The relative survival rates in the suspected patient group were significantly lower than those in the control group between 1981 and 1986. Recently the differences of the relative survival rates between the patient group and the suspected patient group have become smaller and are not significant. These results show the long-lasting influence of Itai-itai disease on the prognoses of patients and suspected patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Antibodies to interleukin 2 in sera of autoimmune-prone mice.

Autoimmune-prone mice spontaneously develop the disease characterized by autoantibodies to a wide variety of antigens. In the present study, we have demonstrated that IgG antibodies to interleukin 2 (IL-2) are to be found in serum of autoimmune mice in association with ageing. These antibodies can neutralize the biological activity of IL-2 and thus play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of autoimmune disease.

Aging↗
PubMed1990

[Combination chemotherapy of ifosfamide, cisplatin and vindesine for non-small cell lung cancer].

Twenty patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer were treated with a combination chemotherapy consisting of ifosfamide (IFX), cisplatin (CDDP) and vindesine (VDS). The treatment schedule was IFX 1.3 g/m2 i.v., on days 1-5, CDDP 20 mg/m2 i.v., on days 1-5, and VDS 3 mg/m2 i.v., on days 1 & 8, and, in principle, the regimen was repeated every 4 weeks. Of 19 evaluable patients, there were 1 CR, 7 PR, 10 NC and 1 PD, with an overall response rate of 42.1%. The median duration of responses was 7.45 months, and the median survival time of all patients was 13.2 months. The major toxicities occurring were hematologic toxicity, alopecia, gastrointestinal toxicity and peripheral neuropathy. Hematologic toxicity was severe and was judged to be dose limiting, but clinically manageable. These results indicate that this combination chemotherapy is active against non-small cell lung cancer and deserves further studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical analysis on thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic uremic syndrome, with plasma level of cytokine].

We studied 10 patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and 5 patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Common cold symptoms were observed in 2 with TTP and 3 with HUS, and SLE was noted or suspected in 3 with TTP, and the onset was after operation in on with TTP and one with HUS. All TTP patients had coma and high fever. Renal failure was noted in 3 with TTP and their prognosis was poor. Seven patients with TTP and 4 patients with HUS survived. Autoantibody was highly positive in TTP but slightly positive in HUS. High molecular weight multimer of von Willebrand factor was decreased in 3 of 6 with TTP, platelet aggregating factor was positive in 4 of 6 with TTP, and microthrombus was observed in 7 of 8 with TTP. Tumor necrosis factor was increased in 5 of 9 with TTP and HUS, Interleukin-1 beta was increased in all TTP and HUS patients, and soluble interleukin 2 receptor and interferon alpha were also increased. Although plasma exchange was generally effective, some patients required combination therapy with steroids. We speculated that an autoimmune mechanism was involved in the on onset of TTP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

A chemiluminescence automatic analyser for the measurement of biological compounds.

A compact automated analyser which could analyse constituents in biological fluids with a small sample volume and in a short time has been developed. The instrument was composed of a flow injection analysis system equipped with chemiluminometric detection and an immobilized enzyme column reactor used in combination. Chemiluminescence has high sensitivity, and its reaction proceeds very quickly. Furthermore, an immobilized enzyme column reactor can produce a sufficient amount of hydrogen peroxide from compounds in serum in a short time. When enzymes are used as reagents for the analysis of substances in blood or blood serum, the final signals emitted by different enzyme reactions are usually not only hydrogen peroxide but also ammonia, NAD(P)H and so on. However, the practical chemiluminescence method for ammonia and NAD(P)H has not been established. We have discovered a new practical method for ammonia and NAD(P)H using an enzyme column reactor consisting of both immobilized L-glutamate dehydrogenase and L-glutamate oxidase. The determinations of glucose and uric acid in serum by chemiluminometry after production of hydrogen peroxide by the respective oxidases are presented. A newly chemiluminometric determination of ammonia, NAD(P)H and its applications to other enzymatic analyses that give ammonia and NAD(P)H as a final signal are also described.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1989

Production of interleukin 1-like factor from human peripheral blood monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes by superoxide anion: the role of interleukin 1 and reactive oxygen species in inflamed sites.

In the present study, we investigated the possibility that oxidative stress to human peripheral blood monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) can induce interleukin 1 (IL-1)-like activity. Oxidative stress that we used was superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). O2-, but not H2O2, could induce an IL-1-like factor(s) from monocytes and PMNs. IL-1-like activity from monocytes and PMNs induced by O2- was due to de novo synthesis because no IL-1-like activity was found in culture supernatants and in the lysate of unstimulated cells. We next examined the effects of radical scavengers on production of an IL-1-like factor(s). Generation of IL-1-like activity from monocytes was amplified by preincubation with catalase (H2O2 scavenger), although it was suppressed by preincubation with either superoxide dismutase (O2- scavenger) or vitamin E (antioxidant analogs). These results suggest that production of an IL-1-like factor(s) from monocytes and PMNs was due to O2- stimulation. Our data that production of an IL-1-like factor(s) from inflammatory cells by stimulation with O2- imply a model of the up-regulation mechanism of inflammation mediated by enhanced IL-1-like factor production stimulated with reactive oxygen species.

Glucose Oxidase↗