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Biomedical subjects

M T Muñoz

Publications and source records attributed to M T Muñoz.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Insulin-like growth factor I, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins, and growth hormone binding protein in Spanish premature and full-term newborns.

The normal values of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-binding proteins 1 and 3 (IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3), and the high-affinity growth hormone binding protein (GHBP) are not well established in large series of healthy fullterm newborns. We report the normative data for IGF-I, IGFBP-I, IGFBP-3, and GHBP in 271 normal Spanish full-term newborns, born between 37 and 42 weeks of gestation, and compare these results with the same parameters studied in 39 premature infants. Furthermore, we report the relationship between results found in the normal full-term newborns and those of 252 healthy prepubertal (Tanner stage I) Spanish children. Serum GHBP, IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels are very low in the premature infant and show a significant increase in full-term newborns, and continue to decline during childhood (p < 0.001; analysis of variance). A positive correlation between GHBP, IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 versus gestational age was observed. In contrast, we found a negative correlation between IGFBP-I and gestational age. There is a direct relationship between the ponderal index and IGF-I and IGFBP-3. When the group of premature newborns was divided into infants born before or after 32 weeks of gestation, we found higher levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively, by Student's test) in the group with the higher gestational age; however, the IGFBP-I level was lower in this group (p < 0.001 by Student's t test), with no differences seen in serum GHBP concentrations. The presence of IGFBPs in the premature infant suggests that they are important modulators of IGF-I action during fetal growth and development.

Carrier Proteins↗
PubMed1996

Insulin-like growth factor I, its binding proteins 1 and 3, and growth hormone-binding protein in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: clinical implications.

Values of IGF-I after extraction, its binding proteins, and the high affinity GH-binding protein (BP) are not well established in pediatric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). We report data for IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and -3, and GHBP in 92 Spanish children with IDDM, separated according to pubertal stage: prepubertal (n = 49); pubertal onset (n = 17); mid-puberty (n = 17), and complete puberty (n = 9), as well as to metabolic control (HbA1 < 9% or > or = 9%). IGF-I levels in IDDM patients increased throughout development (p < 0.001), but were diminished at every developmental stage when compared with marched control subjects. IGF-I concentrations showed a negative correlation with the degree of metabolic control, in particular during the prepubertal stage of development. A negative correlation (r = -0.22; p < 0.005) between IGF-I concentrations and HbA1 was found. Serum IGFBP-I levels diminish during maturation in diabetic patients (p < 0.001). However, IDDM patients have significantly higher levels of IGFBP-1 than control subjects at every stage of development, and IDDM patients with inadequate metabolic control exhibit even greater differences when compared with matched control subjects. A positive correlation (r = 0.22; p < 0.005) between IGFBP-1 concentrations and HbA1 was found. IGFBP-3 serum levels were similar to those observed in normal subjects, and no correlation was observed in relation to the metabolic control. In IDDM patients, GHBP levels change significantly during maturation, as they do in normal control subjects; however, significantly lower GHBP levels were found in prepubertal and pubertal IDDM patients. GHBP levels were independent of metabolic control, although a tendency toward lower levels of GHBP was seen when HbA1 levels increased. We suggest that a partial GH resistance syndrome exists in IDDM patients, and this may be related to the metabolic control. Hence, the biochemical markers measured here may be of value in evaluating the smaller pubertal growth spurt in diabetic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Socioeconomic differences in cervical cancer: two case-control studies in Colombia and Spain.

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the causes of socioeconomic differences in invasive cervical cancer in two countries that differ substantially in cervical cancer incidence and economic development. METHODS: Data were derived from two case-control studies carried out in Spain and Colombia; there were 373 case subjects, 387 control subjects, and 425 husbands interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Exfoliated cells were obtained from cervical or penile scrapes and tested for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA. RESULTS: Relative to better educated women, women with low educational levels in both countries reported fewer Pap smears and had a higher prevalence of HPV DNA. The prevalence ratio of HPV DNA across educational strata was twofold in Spain and fourfold in Colombia. In both countries, husbands of poorly educated women reported higher use of prostitutes than husbands of better educated women. In Colombia, 30% of husbands of poorly educated women harbored HPV DNA, compared with 10% of husbands of better educated women. CONCLUSIONS: Socioeconomic differences in invasive cervical cancer could be partly explained by differences in the prevalence of HPV DNA and by a lower use of preventive care.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Growth hormone secretion in children with normal variants of short stature.

Pulsatile growth hormone (GH) secretion plays a central role in human growth during the prepubertal period of life. In order to investigate whether or not short stature in prepubertal children with normal variants of short stature (NVSS) may be explained, at least in part, by the presence of abnormalities in the pulsatile pattern of GH secretion, we have studied the spontaneous secretion of GH/24 h in 139 prepubertal children with short stature (< or = -2 SD) and normal growth velocity (> -1 SD) and in 37 prepubertal children with normal height and growth velocity. All of the subjects included in this study exhibited a body mass index (BMI) lower than 1 SD. The patients with short stature were divided into three groups according to their bone age and the existence of familial antecedents of short stature. These groups were: (1) familial short stature without bone age retardation (FSS-1); (2) constitutional, nonfamilial short stature, with bone age retardation suggesting further delay of puberty (possible constitutional delay of growth and puberty), and (3) familial short stature with bone age retardation (FSS-2). Spontaneous GH secretion was analyzed by using a computerized mathematical algorithm of pulsatility (Cluster). In addition, in all of the patients with short stature, the GH secretory response to three different pharmacological stimuli was evaluated, including: clonidine, growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and hypoglycemia after insulin administration. The mean values of GH/24 h exhibited a wide range of distribution (1.4-7.8ng/ml).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Body Height↗
PubMed1993

Normative data for insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), IGF-binding proteins, and growth hormone-binding protein in a healthy Spanish pediatric population: age- and sex-related changes.

The normal values of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) after extraction, their binding proteins, and the high affinity GH-binding protein are not well established in infancy or childhood. We report the relationship between serum IGF-I, IGF-II, their binding proteins IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3, and GH-binding protein in 600 normal Spanish children who were divided into 5 groups according to Tanner stage: I, 150 males and 102 females; II, 40 males and 42 females; III, 45 males and 45 females; IV, 42 males and 55 females; and V, 23 males and 56 females. Serum IGF-I levels increase slowly during childhood in both sexes, exhibiting a dramatic increase during puberty and a significant decline [P < 0.001, by analysis of variance (ANOVA)] during adulthood. The pubertal peak occurs approximately 2 yr earlier in girls than in boys. In contrast, serum IGF-II levels remain stable throughout childhood, showing no pubertal peak. In boys, there is a significant decline in IGF-II levels during adulthood (P < 0.001). Serum IGFBP-3 levels show a pattern similar to that of IGF-I, with a significant increase during childhood and a significant decline during adulthood (P < 0.001, ANOVA) in both males and females. In contrast, serum IGFBP-1 levels decrease dramatically during childhood in both boys and girls (P < 0.001 and P < 0.005, respectively, by ANOVA). A significant decline in serum GH-binding protein levels is observed between prepubertal and pubertal children of both sexes (P < 0.001). There is a close linear correlation between the sum of serum IGF-I plus IGF-II levels vs. serum IGFBP-3 (r = 0.724; P < 0.0001). In contrast, there is a nonlinear correlation between serum IGF-I vs. serum IGFBP-3 (concave curve) as well as between serum IGF-II and serum IGFBP-3 (convex curve). A negative correlation was found between serum IGF-I vs. IGFBP-1 (r = -0.51; P < 0.0001) as well as between the sum of serum IGF-I plus IGF-II vs. IGFBP-1 (r = -0.47; P < 0.0001), but not between serum IGF-II and IGFBP-1. These data emphasize that when these tests are performed in the clinic, their interpretation should be based upon age- and sex-specific criteria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Diagnostic value of the hepatic echo-histogram in chronic hepatopathy].

The aim of this study was to determine the histogram patterns and the diagnostic efficacy of liver echohistogram in chronic diffuse liver diseases. Abdominal ultrasound and liver echo-histogram were prospectively and blindly performed on 21 healthy controls, 24 patients with chronic hepatitis, 26 patients with liver cirrhosis, and 22 patients with fatty liver disease. Maximum liver echo intensity and echogenicity were decreased in chronic hepatitis. Increased anterior maximum liver echo intensity and echogenicity, decreased posterior maximum liver echo intensity and echogenicity, and reduced posterior/anterior maximum liver echogenicity ratio were found in fatty liver disease. The diagnostic efficacy indexes of abdominal ultrasound were enhanced by some echo-histogram data: anterior maximum echo intensity of the liver less than 20.52 decibels for chronic hepatitis and posterior/anterior maximum liver echogenicity ratio less than 0.231 for fatty liver disease. In liver cirrhosis, echohistogram showed a high dispersion of values and not enhanced the abdominal ultrasound diagnostic efficacy. In fatty liver disease, a positive correlation was found between percentage of hepatocytes with fatty change and anterior maximum echo intensity of the liver (rs = 0.47, p < 0.05), as well as between percentage of hepatocytes with fatty change and anterior maximum echogenicity of the liver (rs = 0.68, p < 0.01). These findings indicate that the liver echo-histogram improves the diagnostic efficacy of abdominal ultrasound in chronic hepatitis and fatty liver disease. We suggest that combined abdominal ultrasound and liver echo-histogram should be performed in the investigation of chronic diffuse liver diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Rhabdomyolysis and cutaneous necrosis following intravenous vasopressin infusion.

A continuous IV infusion of vasopressin was administrated to a patient with cirrhosis of the liver and acute gastrointestinal bleeding from esophageal varices. In the first 24 hours, the patient developed rhabdomyolysis and cutaneous necrosis. Stopping vasopressin infusion resulted in relief of these lesions. The rarity of these complications suggests an idiosyncratic reaction of susceptible individuals that may be related to previous vascular disease or a failure in baroreceptor regulation.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Fuenlabrada study: lipid and lipoprotein levels in children and adolescents associated with ischemic cardiopathy prevalence among their relatives].

The prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) was studied in parents and grandparents of 2,419 children surveyed for lipid levels. Children and their families were divided into 3 groups depending on the level of each lipid and lipoprotein studied in children: high greater than or equal to 95 percentile (p), medium 5-95 p, and low less than 5 p. Total cholesterol (Chol) and triglycerides (TG) were determined by enzymatic techniques in autoanalyzer. C-HDL was determined by precipitation method. C-LDL and C-VLDL were obtained by Friedewald-Fredrickson's equation. The prevalence of CHD in parents and grandparents was ascertained from clinical history. Fathers of children in the high groups of Chol, TG, C-LDL/C-HDL, and low group of C-HDL had increased prevalence of CHD compared with those of the low groups of Chol, TG, C-LDL, C-LDL/C-HDL and high group of C-HDL. The strongest association was with C-HDL. Maternal and paternal grandfathers of children in the high groups of Chol had also increased prevalence of CHD compared with those of low group of Chol. There was no association with any other variable. The association was not significant neither in mothers nor in maternal and paternal grandmothers. Childhood lipid and lipoprotein levels could identify families at elevated risk for CHD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The Fuenlabrada study: relationship between anthropometric variables and cardiovascular risk factors].

Anthropometric variables were studied in 2,153 healthy children, 1,115 males and 1,038 females, aged 0 to 18 years, of the Fuenlabrada population, Madrid. Height was measured by an anthropometer and weight by a weighting scale. Tricipital and subscapular skinfold thickness were measured by Holtain caliper. Body mass index (kg/m2) and ponderal index (kg/m3) were calculated from weight and height. In the total population skinfold thickness had the highest correlation with total body fat. But, when only obese children (greater than 95 p) were analyzed, other variables like body mass index and ponderal index had also high correlation. Different fatness trends were observed between sexes, although females always were the fattest. In our population the correlation of skinfold thickness, body mass index and ponderal index with lipids, blood pressure, glycemia and uric acid were significant. Obese children and adolescents had nearly a twofold increase in relative risk of arterial hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia and low C-HDL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The Fuenlabrada study: a familial aggregation of ischemic cardiopathy and cardiovascular risk factors].

UNLABELLED: Familial aggregation of coronary heart disease (CHD) and coronary risk factors (CRF) were evaluated by clinical history in adult relatives of children surveyed for CRF. Population was divided into two groups: Group I included 2,153 children without parental history of CHD. Group II included 266 children of 112 families with parental history of early CHD (before 56 years). In 105 cases the patients were the fathers and in 7 cases the mothers. All the patients were admitted to a coronary care unit. Familial aggregation of CHD was 9.7 times more frequent in paternal families of group II (p less than or equal to 0.0001) than in group I; there was no differences in maternal families. Higher prevalence of hyperlipidaemia, blood pressure hypertension, smoking habits, diabetes and obesity in fathers of group II was observed. Children in group II showed increased levels of C-LDL and decreased levels of C-HDL compared with those of group I. The prevalence of CRF was also significantly higher in children of group II, although in the 33% of the children of group II no CRF was detected. CONCLUSION: a substantial proportion, but not all cases, of familial aggregation of CHD could be explained by known CRF.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The Fuenlabrada study: arterial pressure in children and adolescents].

Blood pressure was studied in 2,153 healthy children of both sexes, from 0 to 18 years of age; 1,115 were males and 1,038 females. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured in the sitting position by the auscultatory method on the right arm with a mercury sphygmomanometer using an appropriate cuff size. Systolic blood pressure was measured on the first sound and diastolic blood pressure in the fourth phase of Korotkoff. In children younger than 3 years blood pressure was measured in the decubitus supine position using the Doppler technique. There were no significant differences in mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both sexes. But the percentage of systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 130 mmHg was higher in males than females (p less than or equal to 0.01). 8.4% of the total population had systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 130 mmHg, and 1.3% had diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 90 mmHg. The annual increase rates of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 2.31/0.94 mmHg in males and 2/0.97 mmHg in females. Children with blood pressure greater than or equal to the 95th percentile had a higher prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and obesity. 54% of the variation in systolic blood pressure was explained by the association of weight, subscapular skinfold, body mass index and C-HDL. 30% of the variation in diastolic blood pressure was explained by the association of weight, obesity index, subscapular skinfold and C-HDL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents in Fuenlabrada: objectives, features of the population, design, participation, equipment, laboratory technics, and quality control].

Fuenlabrada is at the present time the most industrialized town placed at the south are of Madrid. This population has some peculiar attractive characteristics from the epidemiologic point of view. Perhaps the most important is that the majority of its inhabitants are immigrant from other depressed rural areas of the country, with a low socio-economic and cultural level. The new conditions of life could have changed the life expectation and the causes of morbidity and mortality of this population. Between 1981 and 1984 we have studied the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents of its population, the relationships with cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular disease of the family and type of lactancy of the newborn. The variables studied were: height, weight, skin fold, blood pressure, lipids, lipoproteins, glycemia, uric acid and tobacco habit. The laboratory technics were standardized with serums of reference. The index of participation in the study of the required population was approximately of 80%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver. Report of two cases associated with autoimmune disease.

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver (N.R.H.) is an uncommon clinicopathological entity characterized by diffuse regenerative hepatocytic nodules without fibrosis. Grossly the lesion is often mistaken for cirrhosis. The etiology and pathogenesis are unknown. We report two new cases of N.R.H. diagnosed by liver biopsy. Peritoneoscopically the liver showed a nodular surface resembling micronodular cirrhosis. Both patients showed some clinical and immunological features of autoimmune disease, and in both cases N.R.H. was associated with chronic active hepatitis. We discuss the pathological differential diagnosis of N.R.H., its relation to other associated diseases and review the hypotheses for the pathogenesis of this condition.

Aged↗