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Biomedical subjects

M T Moore

Publications and source records attributed to M T Moore.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Nocturia: a risk factor for falls in the elderly.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if nocturia is a risk factor for reported falls and bone fractures in older persons. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study comparing falls in men and women with and without nocturia. SETTING: Longitudinal health screening program of ambulatory elderly participants. PARTICIPANTS: Participants included 988 (65.5%) women and 520 (34.5%) men who had completed their tenth annual visit to the program. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Reported falls in the past year and reported bone fractures in the past 5 years. RESULTS: Participants who reported nocturia at least twice during the night were at significantly greater risk to report falls (Odds Ratio = 1.84; 95% CI = 1.05-3.22), and the risk increased in subjects reporting more than three nocturia events (Odds Ratio = 2.15; 95% CI = 1.04-4.44). The significant increase in falls reported by nocturia participants did not result in an increase in reported bone fractures in the past 5 years (P < 0.4360). CONCLUSIONS: Nocturia is an important risk factor for falls in ambulatory elderly persons. Preventive measures should be taken to decrease nocturia events and to decrease the risk of falling during these nocturia events.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1992

Lack of association of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and cognitive decline in the elderly.

Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores obtained in an ambulatory elderly population were used to examine the effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use on cognitive performance. There were 1,310 participants who met the inclusion criteria for the study, of whom 873 (66.6%) were women and 437 (33.3%) were men. There were no differences in mean MMSE scores or in the five dimensions of cognitive function measured by the MMSE for subjects reporting NSAIDs or aspirin use.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Correlates of constipation in an ambulatory elderly population.

Constipation is a common and often perplexing problem for elderly people. The prevalence of self-reported constipation and factors associated with constipation were investigated in 3,166 people over age 65. Twenty-six percent of women and 15.8% of men reported recurrent constipation (p less than 0.0001). There was a significant increase in reported constipation with increasing age (p less than 0.0001). Multiple factors were found to correlate with self-reported constipation. A logistic regression model revealed 13 factors of significance in predicting constipation. The most important factors were age, sex, total number of drugs taken, pain in the abdomen, and hemorrhoids (p less than 0.0001). Specific drugs do not appear to be important factors in constipation in the elderly. Elderly people who report the use of multiple drugs, pain in the abdomen, and hemorrhoids are at increased risk for constipation.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

Effect of psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid on serum cholesterol in the elderly.

The effect of psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid (PHM) when used as a laxative and/or stool softener on serum cholesterol concentrations was examined in 176 ambulatory elderly participants attending a health screening program. The change in one-year serum cholesterol concentration in subjects using PHM was compared with the change in cholesterol in 741 participants who did not report the use of PHM. Serum cholesterol concentration decreased by 0.073 mmol/liter (2.82 mg/dl) in the treatment group compared with a decrease of 0.036 mmol/liter (1.39 mg/dl) in the control group. After adjusting for confounding factors, excluding psyllium dose, by using a multiple regression model there was no significant difference in the change in serum cholesterol concentration (P = 0.935). PHM dosage information was available for 158 participants. After adjusting for baseline serum cholesterol and confounding factors using multiple regression analysis, it was found that the dose of PHM administered was significantly correlated with the change in serum cholesterol (P = 0.0120). For every 1-g increase in daily PHM dose there was a 0.022 mmol/liter (0.84 mg/dl) decrease in serum cholesterol concentration.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

A longitudinal evaluation of drug use in an ambulatory elderly population.

Participants in a geriatric health screening program were studied longitudinally to determine the patterns of drug use over a 10 year period. There were 314 (34.0%) men and 610 (66.0%) women who completed 10 yearly health screening evaluations. The mean number of prescribed and non-prescribed drugs used per participant increased from 2.90 in 1978-79 to 4.08 in 1987-88 (p less than 0.0001). There was no significant difference between men and women in the rate of increased drug use. There was no significant increase in the mean number of drug ingredients per participant used over the 10 year period. The most frequently reported therapeutic categories for 1978-79 were antihypertensives, analgesic-antipyretics, antirheumatics, multiple vitamins, cathartics and vitamin E, which represented 10.2, 7.2, 6.5, 4.9, 4.8 and 3.8% of all categories used. There was a decline in all of these categories between interval 1 and 10. Increased use of drugs, particularly prescribed medications, by the elderly population may present problems of adverse drug reactions, drug interactions and medication compliance in the future. Changing patterns of drug use may have resulted, in part, from introduction of new therapeutic classes and from new treatment concepts over the 10 year study period.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Changing patterns of therapeutic agents in the elderly: a ten-year overview.

Drug use patterns in a large ambulatory elderly population were studied cross-sectionally over a 10-year period. There were 24192 drug histories obtained on 4509 individuals during the period from 1 August 1978 to 31 July 1988. The average number of drugs used per person increased from 3.22 in 1978-9 to 3.94 in 1987-8. Prescribed drug use increased by 0.52 per person compared with an increase of 0.21 for nonprescribed medication. Analysis of two mutually exclusive groups of participants from 1978-9 and 1987-8 revealed a significant (p less than 0.0001) increase in the use of nonprescribed medication but no significant increase in the use of prescribed medication after adjusting for age and sex effects. The four most frequently used therapeutic classes of drugs in 1978-9 as a percentage of all drugs used were antihypertensives (10.8%), analgesic-antipyretics (6.4%), antirheumatic (6.4%), and cathartics (5.4%) compared with the antihypertensives (9.5%), analgesic-antipyretics (5.9%), anticoagulants (5.5%), and antirheumatic (4.6%) for the 1987-8 period.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

Correlates of cognitive dysfunction in an ambulatory elderly population.

Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores were studied in an ambulatory elderly population to identify correlates with self-reported signs, symptoms, diseases, drugs and laboratory values. A total of 1,264 subjects were studied including 844 women and 420 men. In this study, 5.0% of men and 5.3% of women scored less than 24 on the MMSE. A linear-regression model revealed eleven factors of significance in predicting scores on the MMSE. The most important predictors were age (p less than 0.0001), self-reported memory loss (p less than 0.0001), complaints of swollen feet or ankles (p less than 0.0010), the total number of diseases reported (0.0006) and the serum lactate dehydrogenase concentration (p less than 0.0098). Results suggest that cognitive function in the elderly is not related to the general level of health or consistently affected by specific disease states.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Correlates of Beck Depression Inventory scores in an ambulatory elderly population: symptoms, diseases, laboratory values, and medications.

BACKGROUND: Depression is one of the most important psychiatric disorders of older people. Between 1% and 5% of elderly persons who live in the community have major depression. Depressed elderly people are thought to be more likely to complain of symptoms such as headache, constipation, and pain than of disordered mood. The purpose of this study was to determine whether certain symptoms, diseases, or drugs used by older people correlate with scores on the Beck Depression Inventory. METHODS: Beck Depression Inventory scores were obtained in an ambulatory elderly population to identify correlates with self-reported signs, symptoms, diseases, drugs, and laboratory values. A total of 1048 participants were studied, including 712 women and 336 men. RESULTS: In this study, 13.7% of the men and 20.7% of the women had scores suggesting possible depression. A linear regression model revealed eight factors of significance in predicting scores on the Beck Depression Inventory. The most important predictors were the total number of symptoms reported by the patient (P less than .0001), and subjective complaints of memory loss (P less than .0003) and of pain in the abdomen (P less than .0004). CONCLUSIONS: Clinically, the results of this study suggest that depression is underdiagnosed in older patients and that multiple somatic symptoms are the best indicator of depression in this population.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Metoclopramide: an analysis of inappropriate long-term use in the elderly.

OBJECTIVE: To present a case of possible metoclopramide-induced tardive dyskinesia and document the frequent use of metoclopramide for inappropriate lengths of treatment in elderly, ambulatory subjects. DESIGN: Descriptive study that identified long-term users of metoclopramide among a population of 4515 elderly subjects. SETTING: Participants in an ambulatory health-screening program in Florida (Florida Geriatric Research Program). PARTICIPANTS: Individuals (2898 women and 1617 men) over the age of 65 years who volunteered for annual health screening. INTERVENTIONS: All medication histories for participants were reviewed to identify subjects who reported metoclopramide use on at least one visit to the program. RESULTS: Thirty-four participants (0.75 percent) reported the use of metoclopramide during at least one visit. Eleven subjects (32.4 percent) reported that they had used this drug for longer than one year. Nine of the 34 subjects (26.5 percent) also reported the use of metoclopramide at their next annual visit. CONCLUSIONS: Results from this study suggest that metoclopramide is frequently prescribed inappropriately to treat gastrointestinal disorders. Long-term use of this drug exposes patients to an unnecessary risk of adverse drug reactions.

Aged↗