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Biomedical subjects

M T Gould

Publications and source records attributed to M T Gould.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of oral azithromycin prophylaxis against respiratory infections in a high-risk, young adult population.

Military Special Forces trainees undergo intense psychological and physical stressors that often lead to respiratory infection. During 1998-2000, 477 Navy Special Forces trainees were enrolled in a double-blind trial of oral azithromycin (1 g given weekly) plus a placebo injection, compared with benzathine penicillin G (1.2 million U) plus azithromycin placebo tablets. Among the 464 subjects with complete data, 44 developed acute respiratory infection (20 with pneumonia) during the 2 weeks of most intense training; of these subjects, 12 (27.3%) had evidence of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and 7 (15.9%) had evidence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Trainees who received azithromycin were less likely than were trainees who received benzathine penicillin G to develop acute respiratory infection (risk ratio, 0.50; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.28-0.92) and less likely at the end of training to report episodes of breathing difficulty (odds ratio [OR], 0.59; 95% CI, 0.34-1.01) or sore throat (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.41-1.05). Compared with benzathine penicillin G prophylaxis, weekly oral azithromycin was superior in preventing respiratory infection in this population at transient high risk.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Screening for oxygen sensitivity in U.S. Navy combat swimmers.

The United States Naval Special Warfare Community uses oxygen tolerance testing to screen Navy combat swimmer candidates for sensitivity to the toxic effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2). Between 1976 and 1997, 6,250 oxygen-tolerance tests were performed at the Naval Special Warfare Center and Naval Special Warfare Group One. Our review of these data found only six episodes of O2 toxicity for an incidence of 0.096%, an incidence considerably lower than the rate of 1.9% reported in an earlier review using data from the Naval Safety Center. Additionally, we reviewed data from the Naval Safety Center from 1986 to 1997 and found only one episode of O2 toxicity among 157,930 LAR V dives. Many factors other than individual sensitivity to HBO2 may contribute to the occurrence of O2 toxicity episodes during combat swimmer operations. The authors conclude that O2 tolerance testing of U. S. Navy SEAL candidates is not a useful screening test and recommend discontinuation of this test.

Diving↗
PubMed1992

Nursing home elderly. Social-environmental factors.

1. Independence, cohesion, and functional health are related to well-being in elderly nursing home residents. 2. Nursing home residents may not criticize staff due to fear of a withdrawal of support. 3. Social support provided by visitors outside the nursing home may decrease the need for social support from sources inside the nursing home.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Nursing diagnoses concurrent with multiple sclerosis.

Nursing Diagnoses which commonly occur in patients with MS was the focus of this descriptive study. Using a functional health pattern assessment format, nine inpatients and six outpatients were assessed. Five frequently occurring dysfunctional patterns were: Self-Care Deficit, Self-Esteem Disturbance, Potential for Ineffective Family Coping: Compromised, Sleep Disturbance, and Social Isolation. The four most frequently identified Nursing Diagnoses (dysfunctional patterns plus etiology) were: Self-Esteem Disturbance related to Altered Body Image, Self-Care Deficit: I Bathing related to Generalized Weakness, Social Isolation related to Impaired Mobility, and Potential Ineffective Family Coping: Compromised.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Maintaining clinical excellence in a weekend alternative program: the role of the divisional clinical manager.

Many innovative management changes designed to promote clinical excellence and scholarship were undertaken by the nursing executive team at our 821-bed tertiary care teaching hospital. Included in these changes was the creation of the divisional clinical manager (DCM). The purpose of this article is to describe how these weekend managers employees contribute to the overall objectives of providing consistent supervision, clinical support and a rich continuing education program.

Consultants↗