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Biomedical subjects

M T Erickson

Publications and source records attributed to M T Erickson.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Preoperative intervention for the reduction of anxiety in pediatric surgery patients.

Hospitalization and surgery can have adverse psychological effects on children that may be prevented by preoperative intervention procedures. The present study compared an in vivo preparation in which 3- to 9-year-old patients who were about to undergo tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy surgery experienced a preview of the procedures and equipment, a slide show condition depicting hospitalization and surgery, or a standard nursing care control group. The in vivo group was rated as significantly less anxious than the slide show and control groups at each of the three assessment points. The in vivo children also took less time to drink following surgery than the slide show and control groups.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1977

A probability-based formula for calculating interobserver agreement.

Estimates of observer agreement are necessary to assess the acceptability of interval data. A common method for assessing observer agreement, per cent agreement, includes several major weaknesses and varies as a function of the frequency of behavior recorded and the inclusion or exclusion of agreements on nonoccurrences. Also, agreements that might be expected to occur by chance are not taken into account. An alternative method for assessing observer agreement that determines the exact probability that the obtained number of agreements or better would have occurred by chance is presented and explained. Agreements on both occurrences and nonoccurrences of behavior are considered in the calculation of this probability.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1976

WISC characteristics of reading disabled children identified by three objective methods.

The WISC and Spache Reading Diagnostic Scales were administered to 119 third-grade children. Groups of reading disabled children were selected by three objective methods (Below Grade Level, Bond and Tinker, and the Erickson Z-score Discrepancy). The Below Grade Level and Bond and Tinker methods tended to identify the same children whose IQs and reading achievement scores were below average. The Z-score method identified children with IQs at or above the group average. Comparison of the poor readers with control groups matched for IQ and sex gave only minimal evidence for WISC subtest patterns as characteristic of poor readers.

Achievement↗
PubMed1975

Bias against genetic hypotheses in adoption studies.

Genetic factors are implicated in the cause of psychopathological disorders whenever the incidence of disorder is greater among the adopted-away offspring of affected parents than among those of control (unaffected) parents. The lack of information about most parents who give their children up for adoption could result in the inclusion of a substantial number of high-risk parents in the control groups. This could bias an adoption study against a genetic hypothesis. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality inventory scores of two groups of pregnant unwed mothers were compared to those of two other groups: married pregnant women and 18-year-old women. Comparisons disclosed that the unwed mothers had significant elevations on five to the nine clinical scales. Elevations on psychopathic deviancy and schizophrenia were particularly substantial. These results indicate a requirement to select control group parents who are representative of the general population.

Adoption↗