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M T Daniel

Publications and source records attributed to M T Daniel.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Cytologic characterization and significance of normal karyotypes in t(8;21) acute myeloblastic leukemia.

A cytologic and cytogenetic study of 10 cases of acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation and t(8;21) translocation is reported. Despite a certain polymorphic appearance, the characteristic cytologic picture, consisting essentially of large myeloblasts with an abundant cytoplasma containing a large Auer rod, allowed the presence of the chromosome anomaly to be predicted. t(8;21) translocation was attended by the loss of a sex chromosome in 7 of 10 cases. The comparative study of mitoses using cytologic and cytogenetic techniques showed that cells exhibiting normal karyotypes were essentially erythroblasts. This finding suggests that the chromosome anomaly does not affect all the bone marrow cell lines. After short-term culture, the percentage of normal karyotype mitoses diminished, as did the number of mitoses in erythroblasts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Proposals for the classification of the myelodysplastic syndromes.

New diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis of the various myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are proposed, and a detailed description is given of the features that may help define MDS. Five MDS are described: (1) refractory anaemia (RA), (2) RA with ring sideroblasts, (3) RA with excess of blasts (RAEB), (4) chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML), and (5) RAEB 'in transformation'. One of the main distinguishing features of these conditions is the proportion of blast cells in the peripheral blood (PB) and/or bone marrow (BM). The morphological features of the blast cells that are of diagnostic importance have been redefined. In RA, with or without ringed sideroblasts, there are fewer than 1% of blasts in the PB and fewer than 5% in the BM; RAEB is defined as having between 5% and 20% of blasts in the BM and fewer than 5% in the PB; RAEB in transformation (a newly defined category) will be considered when any of the following features is present: (i) more than 5% of blasts in the PB, (ii) 20-30% in the BM, and (iii) the presence of Auer rods in granulocyte precursors in BM or PB. In accordance with these newly defined criteria, it is now proposed that over 30% of bone marrow blasts will suffice for the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) in any of its forms (M1-M6). The proposed descriptions of the MDS should facilitate the interpretation of data emerging from cytogenetic and bone marrow culture studies and the search for features of possible prognostic significance. Recognition of the new category, RAEB in transformation, may throw light on the pathogenesis of AML.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1981

[Translocation t (8; 21) and acute granulocytic leukemia: interpretation of normal mitoses].

Cytological and cytogenetic studies of nine acute granulocytic leukemia with t (8; 21) translocation were performed from the same bone marrow and blood cell samples. It was shown that the chromosome abnormality was restricted to leukemic cells and that normal metaphases were erythroblast mitoses. Using cell cultures in which only or mainly leukemic cells were able to divide permits easier detection of chromosomal aberrations. These results led us to postulate an inhibitory role of leukemic cells on the division of normal granulocytic cells.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1981

The morphological classification of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: concordance among observers and clinical correlations.

The degree of concordance in the morphological classification of ALL was assessed by the FAB group after two successive reviews of 200 and 100 slides respectively. As a result, a simple scoring system for types L1 and L2 is proposed based on the following four features: (1) nuclear cytoplasmic ratio, (2) presence, prominence and frequency of nucleoli, (3) regularity of nuclear membrane outline, and (4) cell size. By this method, the overall concordance by seven observers (agreement of 7:0 or 6:1 only) increased from 63% to 84%. A significant difference in the incidence of the ALL morphological types in children (less than or equal to 15 years) and adults (greater than 15 years) was found: 74% of L1 cases were children while 66% of L2 cases were adults (P less than 0.001). No significant differences were observed in the incidence of L3 in children and adults or between L1 and L2 according to the membrane phenotype of the blast cells. All L3 cases had B-cell characteristics. A better prognosis for L1 and a higher relapse rate for L2 has been found in several recent reports; The present study may facilitate the morphological analysis of ongoing clinical trials in ALL by improving the reproducibility of the FAB classification.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Karyotypes and cell phenotypes in acute leukemia following other diseases.

Acute nonlymphoblastic leukemias following other blood disorders or exposure to possible oncogenic agents were analyzed for cytological and cytogenetical characteristics. "Secondary' acute leukemias (AL) were often found to be unclassifiable in the FAB system. Monosomy 7 was associated with megakaryocytic cell line abnormalities. Variation of cytological and cytogenetical patterns was correlated in the whole sample and in a sample of 10 postpolycythemia vera blood disorders.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1981

[Automatization of differential leukocyte counts with image analyzer. Comparison between three apparatus (author's transl)].

The choice of an automated differential leukocytes counting system depends on a number of criteria including reliability, speed an cost/effectiveness ratio. We have compared the performance of three commercially available instruments, the Hematrak 360 (Geometric data), the ADC 500 (Abbott) and the DIFF 3 (Coultronics). We have voluntarily confined this study to pattern recognition systems and have not investigated other systems based on cell volume determination and cytochemical reactions (Hemalog D, Technicon). Comparison of a new system with an established automated system simplifies the task considerably, provided that the quality and performance of the reference system have been previously well-established, as has been done in our laboratory with the LARC which has been evaluated comparatively to the traditional method (5). A final difficulty is that the conclusions drawn from this type of study cannot be considered as definitive insofar as changes and improvements are continually being proposed for all systems which are still going through a mutation stage as we noticed in the course of this evaluation.

Blood Cell Count↗
PubMed1981

Karyotype and cell phenotypes in primary acute leukemias.

This paper reviews the chromosomal and cytological patterns in acute leukemias (AL) and attempts to establish a correlation with the FAB classification. In fact, these studies are useful in distinguishing different forms of AL and in understanding the nature of the cell from which the malignant clone originated. As shown by the results obtained from the study of acute promyelocytic leukemia, for instance, these studies also provide a likely explanation for the lack of chromosome abnormalities in certain cases of AL.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

[Induced leukemias. Cytogenetical and cytological aspects. Comparison with primitive leukemias (author's transl)].

25 presumably induced leukemias, either following treatment (lymphoma, polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, cancers) or after exposure to oncogenic agents have been studied cytogenetically and cytologically. Complex chromosomal abnormalities were associated with a difficult cytological classification. Complete monosomy 7 with presence of micromegacaryocytes and macroplatelets was observed in 7 cases. The findings observed in induced leukemias were compared with those found in "primitive" leukemias showing the same chromosomal patterns. The same relationships between cytology and cytogenetics have been observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Acute monoblastic leukaemia. Clinical data and therapeutic results in 74 patients (author's transl)].

Seventy-four patients with acute pure monoblastic leukaemia treated between 1970 and 1978 were studied retrospectively. The disease was usually hyperleucocytic and tumoral in character. It occurred with equal frequency in subjects of both sexes and at all ages, with peaks at the two extremes of life. Rubidazone gave a high percentage (75%) of complete remissions, but the prognosis remained sombre, with a mean survival time of 200 days. The incidence of meningeal relapses was reduced by prophylactic measures at central nervous system level, but gingival and cutaneous relapses were frequent. The possibility of bettering the present modest therapeutic results by more intensive chemotherapy is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Acute myeloblastic leukaemia in the course of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (author's transl)].

Five cases of acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) arising in the course of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) are described. The initial lymphoma was nodular lymphoid poorly differentiated in 4 cases. All patients were under chemotherapy for at least 28 months, and 3 of them were irradiated. AML was diagnosed 44 to 78 months after NHL and was heralded in 3 cases by a preleukaemia phase of pancytopenia. The leukaemia was typically myeloblastic in 2 cases and difficult to classify in 3 cases. Death occurred rapidly in 4 patients. The actuarial risk was 4.5% at 5 years. Since AML's occur mainly in NHL's, the management of this type of lymphoma with favourable prognosis ought to be reevaluated.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

[Myeloma together with acute myeloblastic leukaemia in an untreated patient (author's transl)].

In a 66-year old man without previous major disease the unexpected finding of pancytopenia on routine blood count during an acute respiratory infection led to the diagnosis of IgG-producing myeloma without radiological bone lesions, associated with partial blastocytosis and abnormalities in granulocyte maturation. No treatment was given. Within 15 days, the circulating blastocytes became more numerous and type M1 acute myeloblastic leukaemia was diagnosed. A combined rubidazone and cytosine arabinoside treatment failed, and the patient died rapidly.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Acute monoblastic leukemia: a clinical and biologic study of 74 cases.

Seventy-four cases of pure acute monoblastic leukemia (AMol) have been retrospectively studied. All patients were treated at Hospital Saint-Louis between 1970 and 1978. Diagnosis was based on morphological and cytochemical features according to the FAB classification. This type of leukemia occurred at any age and in both sexes, with a high frequency of extramedullary involvements. Hyperleukocytosis was very frequent and was significantly correlated with increased blood and urine levels of lysozyme, with renal failure and hypokalemia, and with coagulation abnormalities. AMol still has a poor prognosis, despite a best remission rate (75%) obtained with rubidazone, since the duration of complete remission was short. Central nervous irradiation prolonged remission and prevented meningeal relapses, while 6 meningeal relapses occurred in the patients not irradiated. The high frequency of the extramedullary relapses, including gum and skin, emphasized the question of persistant blast cell sanctuaries after achievement of bone marrow remissions. A more intensive induction with several drugs active against monoblasts could be more efficient and prolong the duration of complete remissions.

Adolescent↗