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Biomedical subjects

M Swann

Publications and source records attributed to M Swann.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

The results of early operation in talipes quino-varus. A preliminary report.

The results of operation performed within the first six months of life upon seventy-seven resistant club feet are presented. The indications for and the rationale of early operation are discussed. Particular attention has been paid to the relationship between the age at operation and the outcome more than four years later; the results were greatly superior when operation was undertaken early. Two surgical techniques are compared, the postero-medial release proving better than a simple posterior release. The relationship between clinical and radiological assessment is discussed, and also the influence of the results reported upon future practice.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Brain nucleic acid composition and fractional rates of protein synthesis in response to chronic ethanol feeding: comparison with skeletal muscle.

Brain atrophy is a common feature of chronic alcohol misuse, although the pathogenic mechanisms are unknown. We propose that defects in protein synthesis are contributing events. To test this hypothesis the experimental effects of chronic (i.e., 2 and 3 weeks) ethanol feeding on brain nucleic acid composition and rates of protein synthesis in vivo were investigated. These were compared with those of skeletal muscle (represented by the plantaris). Male Wistar rats, used at mean body weights of either 82 g (first study for 2 weeks ) or 93 g (second study for 3 weeks) were fed a nutritionally complete liquid diet in which ethanol comprised a third of the total calories. Control rats were pair-fed identical amounts of the same diet, in which ethanol was substituted by isoenergetic glucose. At 2 weeks there were small reductions (i.e., approximately 5-10%) in the weight of the whole brain, cortex, and brain stem. Ethanol-induced reductions in the total protein content of the brain stem was found at 2 weeks, although these changes did not achieve significance. At 3 weeks the weights of whole brain were significantly reduced compared to a greater reduction in skeletal muscle weights. Total protein contents were reduced at 3 weeks in the whole brain and skeletal muscle. At 2 weeks there were decreases in the RNA contents of the cortex, brain stem, and entire brain. There were also reductions in cerebellum RNA composition only when expressed relative to DNA. The DNA composition of the brain was relatively unaffected by chronic ethanol feeding. At 3 weeks, total RNA and DNA were reduced in the whole brain and muscle. Fractional rates of protein synthesis (i.e., the percentage of tissue protein pool renewed each day) in the brain were unaltered after 3 weeks of ethanol feeding, but were reduced in skeletal muscles, largely as a consequence of reduced RNA composition. In conclusion, only moderate changes in the brain were found in ethanol feeding. These data can be compared to skeletal muscle, which shows that ethanol induces profound reductions in protein, RNA, and protein synthesis rates.

Alcoholism↗