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Biomedical subjects

M Strauss

Publications and source records attributed to M Strauss.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Malignant external otitis: long-term (months) antimicrobial therapy.

Since Chandler's initial report in 1968 on "malignant external otitis" (MEO), this entity has been recognized in its earlier stages with increasing frequency. As a result of this, the availability of new antimicrobial agents, and the judicious use of surgery, there has been an improvement in the results of therapy. There remains, however, a subgroup of patients who continue to experience a significant mortality from this infection. A review and selected discussion of our experience with MEO from 1976 to 1979 is presented. Six patients have been diagnosed and successfully treated for MEO. They presented with problems ranging from severe otalgia to multiple cranial neuropathy. For the most part, therapy consisted of the now standard aminoglycoside and carbenicillin combination. Two of the patients were in the high mortality risk group. One of these patients developed an osteomyelitis which extended across the skull base resulting in bilateral cranial neuropathies. His therapy included surgery as well as long-term (months) outpatient treatment with tobramycin and carbenicillin with an excellent result. The second patient was treated similarly. The efficacy of this approach is discussed as well as the usefulness of radionuclide bone scanning in assessing the course and therapy of patients with MEO.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Fracture of the clavicle following radical neck dissection and postoperative radiotherapy: a case report and review of the literature.

The treatment of head and neck cancer with radiotherapy and radical neck dissection has many recognized complications. Radiotherapy in therapeutic doses can produce devascularization and weakening of bone. Radical neck dissection results in altered mechanics of the shoulder girdle and a disruption of normally balanced forces acting on the clavicle. An unusual case of clavicle fracture which is considered to have resulted from an interaction of the effects of these therapies is discussed. An approach for recognizing and distinguishing this entity by its time course, and radiographic and nuclide bone scan appearance is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Aerodigestive tract papillomatosis: bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy.

Aerodigestive tract papillomatosis (ADTP) remains a distinct challenge for the otolaryngologist. None of the myriads of therapies utilized to date offers a distinctly improved prognosis with less frequent clinical recurrences or absolute cure rates. Significant complications are avoided by withholding tracheotomy whenever possible and avoiding overly aggressive papilloma removal. Laser technology seems to offer a distinct benefit as regards the latter. Despite much activity in this area, little new knowledge has actually influenced the outcome of patients afflicted with papillomatosis. The disorder remains one of long-term morbidity in those acquiring it early in life and one with a significant rate of mortality for those with involvement of the lower airway. A review and selected discussion of our experience at The Milton S. Hershey Medical Center of The Pennsylvania State University with ADTP from 1974 to 1981 is presented. Nineteen patients ranging in age at the time of presentation from 1.5 to 68 years old have been diagnosed and treated. For the most part, therapy consisted of repeated microendoscopies with forceps removal of papillomas until recurrences ceased. However, in four adult patients with either rapidly recurring laryngeal and/or tracheobronchial papillomas, bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy has been administered. Two of these patients are evaluable for greater than 12 months. The rationale and efficacy of the treatment of a high risk group in this fashion are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Basal cell adenoma of the major salivary glands. Report of a case with facial nerve encroachment.

Basal cell adenoma of the parotid gland showed histopathologic evidence of facial nerve encroachment. A review of the pertinent literature and a discussion of current concepts of histogenesis of the tumor indicate that a spectrum of benign to malignant forms of this unusual tumor may exist. The sparsely reported association of this tumor and its malignant variants to facial nerve pathology is discussed, and recommendations for treatment are made.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1981

HGPRT structural gene mutation in Lesch-Nyhan-syndrome as indicated by antigenic activity and reversion of the enzyme deficiency.

For three patients with the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome the existence of normal amounts of catalytically inactive hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) protein was demonstrated by using antibodies against the normal enzyme subunits. The lack of enzyme activity is reverted in virus transformed cells. Individual revertant cell clones contain different HGPRT enzymes as demonstrated here by isoelectric focusing. The data strongly support the idea of a structural gene mutation as the cause of enzyme deficiency in the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.

Cross Reactions↗
PubMed1981

Simultaneous (non-epidermoid) neoplasms involving the head and neck.

The phenomenon of multiple primary malignant neoplasms involving the head and neck is well documented. Epidermoid carcinomas constitute the majority of these neoplasms. Case reports are made of two patients with simultaneously occurring chronic reticuloendothelial malignancies and non-epidermoid tumors involving the head and neck. The first case is one of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and metastatic primary retroperitoneal extragonadal seminoma, while the second is one of lymphocytic lymphoma (LL) and a carotid body tumor (CBT). The head and neck manifestations of metastatic seminoma, CBT, and CLL and LL are discussed. A review of the literature of the association of each of these entities to other tumors is presented. Also presented is the evidence for an increased incidence of malignancies associated with CLL and LL and the complicating factors introduced when reticuloendothelial malignancies occur simultaneously with head and neck neoplasms.

Carotid Body Tumor↗
PubMed1981

Cytomegalovirus and the otolaryngologist.

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is ubiquitous and has been documented as the etiologic factor in several diseases ranging from respiratory tract infection to congenital deafness. Special clinical manifestations of CMV of interest to the otolaryngologist are presented as related to the temporal bone and audiovestibular system, the facial nerve, the aerodigestive tract, the thyroid, the hematopoietic-lymphoreticular system, and salivary gland. In addition, current concepts of CMV oncogenic potential are discussed as they relate to head and neck neoplasms. The results of a study performed on surgical pathology specimens obtained from 26 patients, in an attempt to isolate CMV in tissue culture from salivary gland and/or neoplasms of the head and neck, detected no evidence of viral presence. The significance of these findings and the role of future research is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Genetic study of the mutations impairing guanine, xanthine and hypoxanthines assimilation in a purine auxotroph of Escherichia coli K-12].

The hpt gene is responsible for the synthesis of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosiltransferase. This gene was located between aceE and pan markers on the linkage map of Escherichia coli K-12 by a detailed transductional analysis using P1 phage. As described earlier by Nijkamp and De Haan, the guaC mutation blocks the synthesis of guanosine-5'-monophosphate reductase. The cotransduction frequencies of guaC with leu, azi, nadC, aceE, hpt and pan showed the guaC site to be positioned anterior to nadC marker. The order of these genes appeared to be as follows: leu--azi--guaC--nadC--aceE--hpt--pan.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1980

Histologic grading in the clinical evaluation of laryngeal carcinoma.

A histologic grading system based on tumor differentiation was applied in a study of 73 patients with epidermoid carcinoma of the larynx treated at the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center of the Pennsylvania State University from 1971 through September 1977. The supraglottic and subglottic primary tumors were more likely to be poorly differentiated than the glottic carcinomas. In general, the more poorly differentiated the primary tumor, the more advanced was the stage of disease, and the higher the incidence of cervical node metastasis. After treatment, grade 3 patients have a higher incidence of treatment failure and cancer death than grade 1 or 2 patients. The findings suggest that a histologic grading system is an important adjunct to the clinical evaluation.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1980

Later stages of development of the periotic duct and its adjacent area in the human fetus.

The later stages of development (16-40 weeks in utero) of the periotic duct and its adjacent areas in the human fetus indicate that the critical stages of development occur in four specific time related stages over a six-week period (20-26 weeks). First, the petrous apex ossifies to separate th inferior cochlear vein into the canal of Cotugno and forms the medial wall of the cochlear aqueduct (22 weeks); second, the canalicular otic capsule fuses with the cochlear otic capsule to obliterate Hyrtl fissure and forms of the lateral wall of the cochlear aqueduct (24 weeks); third, progressive bone deposition to the medial surface of the membranous labyrinth and cochlea at the petrous apex elongates the periotic duct and cochlear aqueduct (32 weeks in utero); and fourth, active arachnoid tissue ingrowth into the periotic duct occurs at 20-24 weeks and 34-40 weeks in utero. The terminal event is widening of the CNS opening of the periotic duct at 32 weeks in utero. The periotic duct and cochlear aqueduct length increase with gestation from 25 weeks until term. The periotic duct width remains the same throughout the gestation. The cochlear aqueduct width diminishes with gestational age. The periotic duct remains patent throughout 16-40 weeks in utero.

Cochlea↗