Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Strauss

Publications and source records attributed to M Strauss.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Tonsillectomy: a clinical study comparing the effects of local versus general anesthesia.

The purpose of tonsillectomy is the complete removal of the palatine tonsils with minimal blood loss while avoiding unnecessary trauma to adjacent tissue. Despite the fact that advances in modern general anesthetic techniques have lessened risks, it has not been clear what specific differences there are when using local versus general anesthesia for tonsillectomy. In order to provide some objective information as to the advantages or disadvantages of performing tonsillectomy using local or general anesthesia, a retrospective analysis was performed on 73 fully evaluable cases of adult tonsillectomy performed in an 8 1/2-year period. Approximately one half of these were performed using local and one half general anesthesia. Analyses of the data indicated statistically significant differences in the methods. With local anesthesia the operation required less time, produced less intraoperative hemorrhage, and was less costly. However, there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications or morbidity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Adolescent versus adult thyroid carcinoma.

Several significant differences exist between adolescent and adult thyroid carcinoma. The incidence of malignancy in nodular goiter is higher in children than it is in adults. Thyroid cancer in childhood and adolescence has a slightly lower predilection for female than for male subjects, as compared to adult patients. The younger patients have a predominance of well-differentiated carcinomas which are more likely to be papillary. The lesions in the young age group tend to be more advanced locally and systemically at the time of diagnosis, but are associated with a much better prognosis. Previous irradiation to the head and neck is considered to be an important pathogenetic factor of thyroid carcinoma in children as well as in adults. The epidemiological, clinical, pathological, and surgical findings in eight patients with thyroid carcinoma younger than 20 years compared to the findings in 96 patients with the same disease older than 20 years are reported.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Urogenital tract carcinoma metastatic to the head and neck.

A 9-year review of our experience with head and neck metastases from 845 urogenital tract tumors of the kidney, prostate, bladder, testicle, spermatic cord, penis, urethra, and ureter was performed. Thirty-one (3.7%) of these tumors developed metastases to the cervical and supraclavicular lymph nodes, scalp, thyroid gland, thyroid cartilage, parotid gland, retroorbit, mandible, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinuses. Unusual cases and a review of the literature are presented. The frequency of such metastases to the head and neck from various primaries, diagnostic application of current immunohistochemical methodology, and therapeutic alternatives are emphasized.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Functional effects of CRP binding to nuclei.

Binding of human CRP and rat CRP to their respective autologous liver nuclei has been demonstrated. The binding was shown to consist of both a calcium- and non-calcium-dependent component. The co-precipitation of human CRP with histones in physiological calcium concentrations suggests that the calcium-independent binding to chromatin is mediated by the CRP-polycation site. Complement-dependent chromatin solubilization by human CRP bound to nuclei was confirmed and show that the solubilized material is intact chromatin with a large proportion of small monosome structures of 180 base pair repeat. The binding of human and rat CRP to nuclei enhanced micrococcal nuclease digestion, suggesting that CRP binding in both these species alters chromatin structure by increasing linker DNA exposure. The suppressed transcription of DNA, after saturating CRP binding to nuclei, could limit aberrant transcription of damaged chromatin.

C-Reactive Protein↗
PubMed1985

Rescue of transfected genes from mammalian cells by functional selection in Escherichia coli.

We have established procedures for reisolating a transfected gene from mammalian cells by selection in Escherichia coli for the function of the gene product using the Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene as a model. Rescue of the gene is accomplished by three different methods. The tk gene is recloned into a plasmid in which it is hooked up by either the lac promoter or a lac/tk hybrid promoter, or the original plasmid is cut out of the host cell DNA. As the lac/tk hybrid gene can be expressed and selected both in the mammalian and E. coli cells, this type of gene rescue allows investigations on mutagenesis and methylation processes. Additionally, it offers a simple way of studying the integration of the transfected gene into the mammalian genome.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

A comparison of retention and complication rates of large-bore (Paparella II) and small-bore middle ear ventilating tubes.

Large-bore myringotomy tubes are usually reserved for the treatment of refractory middle ear effusion. Theoretically, they have an extended intubation time and a higher complication rate. There is, however, scant support of this in the literature. The duration of intubation, efficacy, and complication rates of the large-bore Paparella type II tube were compared with Paparella type I, Shepard, and Armstrong tubes. The study included 242 patients with 600 intubations. In addition, a subpopulation of patients receiving their initial intubation during this study was reviewed. Findings were similar for both groups. Paparella type II tubes had a prolonged period of intubation and a decreased reintubation rate when compared with the smaller bore tubes. Larger bore tubes had an increased complication rate when compared with the smaller bore tubes. Complications included occasional or frequent otorrhea and an increased rate of permanent perforation of the tympanic membrane. There was no instance of cholesteatoma formation secondary to intubation. Guidelines are presented for the use of the Paparella type II tube.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Human papillomavirus in various lesions of the head and neck.

The association of human papillomavirus with benign and malignant epithelial lesions of the head and neck has been studied by a peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique having immunospecificity against genus-specific structural antigens of the papillomaviruses. More than 360 specimen blocks from 144 patients were evaluated. There was evidence of human papillomavirus antigen in three out of eight patients with childhood-onset laryngeal papillomas (37.5%) and in four out of eight patients with adult-onset papillomas (50%). A patient with an unusual flat, wartlike lesion appearing as an oral cavity leukoplakia had detectable papillomavirus antigen in it. None of the 13 cases of inverting papilloma or any of the malignant lesions studied showed evidence for the presence of papillomavirus antigen. There is currently only suggestive evidence for the oncogenic potential of human papillomavirus in the head and neck.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1985

Osteomyelitis of the head and neck: sequential radionuclide scanning in diagnosis and therapy.

Sequential technetium and gallium scans of the head and neck were used to confirm the diagnosis of osteomyelitis and as an important therapeutic aid to delineate the transformation of active osteomyelitis to inactive osteomyelitis in 11 cases involving sites in the head and neck. Illustrative cases are presented of frontal sinus and cervical spine osteomyelitis and laryngeal osteochondritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A clinical pathologic study of hearing loss in congenital cytomegalovirus infection.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is currently reported as the most common cause of congenital viral induced deafness. However, few systematic studies of the audiovestibular sequelae of this infection are present in the literature. A clinical pathologic study was conducted from 1976 to 1982 to evaluate this. Fifty-two pairs of infant and children's temporal bone studied demonstrated no evidence of CMV endolabyrinthitis even in the single case with evidence of extensive congenital CMV infection. Over 2,000 umbilical cord sera were screened to detect asymptomatic CMV infection with an incidence of 0.38% (and slightly greater than 1% when extrapolated to correct for the sensitivity of the method of detection) in a central Pennsylvania study population. No sensorineural abnormalities were detected in five asymptomatic children and 30 control children. However, three out of six (50%) infants, symptomatic at birth and followed to a mean age of 5.5 years, showed significant and progressive sensorineural loss and vestibular deficits.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1985

Diagnostic use of the immunoperoxidase technique for cutaneous plasma cell lesions.

Distinguishing cutaneous neoplastic plasma cell infiltrations from inflammatory reactions containing predominantly plasma cells can present diagnostic problems when conventional histological techniques are used. Eight cases of cutaneous lesions, composed almost exclusively of plasma cells, are presented. We discuss the use of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique to distinguish malignant plasma cells that produce only one type of immunoglobulin from benign lesions that are polyclonal and produce several immunoglobulins.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Elongated styloid process syndrome: intraoral versus external approach for styloid surgery.

Elongated styloid process is a source of craniofacial and cervical pain. This condition is characterized by a dull, nagging, pharyngeal pain and a palpatory finding in the tonsillar fossa. Radiologic demonstration of styloid elongation is readily made in most instances. The incidence and pathogenesis of the styloid syndrome are discussed and the differential diagnosis detailed. The only effective treatment is surgical shortening of the styloid process. Eight patients undergoing surgery for elongated styloids are reported and the intraoral and external surgical approaches are presented. The external cervical approach is preferred since surgical visualization is optimal and the risk of deep cervical infection is minimal.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Plasmid rescue - a tool for reproducible recovery of genes from transfected mammalian cells?

The efficient rescue of plasmids containing the thymidine kinase gene (tk) of Herpes simplex virus type I from genetically transformed mouse cells by transformation of bacteria is described. Rescued plasmids contain insertions of calf DNA used as a carrier in the transfection but usually lack portions of plasmid DNA. Deletions generally concern the region spanning from around the PvuII site of pBR322 to within the tetracycline resistance coding sequence, whereas the extent of tk sequence deletion varies, depending on the site of its integration (BamHI or PvuII) into the plasmid. Modelling the rescue process by transformation of bacteria with a mixture of original plasmids and sheared mouse cell DNA clearly demonstrates that deletions are caused by the presence of the mammalian DNA and they probably occur during re-transformation of bacteria before the onset of tetracycline gene expression. Plasmids lacking the Tcr region are reproducibly rescuable without deletion. Methods for reproducible re-isolation of transferred genes from mammalian cells are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

DNA transformation of a pluripotent mouse embryonal stem cell line with a dominant selective marker.

The mouse embryonal stem cell line BLC 1 growing on feeder layer was treated with a calcium phosphate/DNA precipitate prepared with DNA of plasmid pAG60 which harbors the Tn5-derived neo gene, thus encoding resistance to G418, an aminoglycoside antibiotic. Transfection performed on feeder layer resulted in the formation of G418-resistant clones T1 and T2/K26. The stable integration of the transformed neo gene was confirmed by dot hybridization in all descendant cultures of clones T1 and T2/K26 as well as in the tumors derived from them. In vivo and in vitro differentiation revealed the pluripotent status of the transformants. Tumors derived from T1 and T2/K26 contained various tissues with derivatives of all three primary germ layers.

Animals↗